kopia lustrzana https://github.com/weetmuts/wmbusmeters
722 wiersze
30 KiB
Markdown
722 wiersze
30 KiB
Markdown
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# wmbusmeters
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The program receives and decodes C1,T1 or S1 telegrams
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(using the wireless mbus protocol) to acquire
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utility meter readings. The readings can then be published using
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MQTT, curled to a REST api, inserted into a database or stored in a log file.
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[FAQ/WIKI/MANUAL pages](https://weetmuts.github.io/wmbusmeterswiki/)
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The program runs on GNU/Linux, MacOSX, FreeBSD, and Raspberry Pi.
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| System | Status |
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| ------------ |:-------------:|
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| Ubuntu | [](https://github.com/weetmuts/wmbusmeters/actions)|
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| MacOSX | [](https://github.com/weetmuts/wmbusmeters/actions)|
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|Docker |[](https://circleci.com/gh/weetmuts/wmbusmeters)|
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|Snap |[](https://snapcraft.io/wmbusmeters)|
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# Distributions
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**wmbusmeters** package is available on [Fedora](https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/wmbusmeters) _(version 31 or newer)_ and can be simply installed by using:
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```shell
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dnf install wmbusmeters
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```
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Availability of **wmbusmeters** for other Linux distributions can be checked on [release-monitoring](https://release-monitoring.org/project/88654/) project page.
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# Docker
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Experimental docker containers are available here: https://hub.docker.com/r/weetmuts/wmbusmeters
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# Snap
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Experimental snaps are available here: https://snapcraft.io/wmbusmeters
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Read the wiki for more info on how to use the snap: https://weetmuts.github.io/wmbusmeterswiki/SNAP.html
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# Build from source and run as a daemon
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Building and installing from source is easy and recommended since the
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development progresses quickly. First remove the wmbus dongle
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(im871a,amb8465,cul,rc1180) or the generic rtlsdr dongle (RTL2832U)
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from your computer. Then do:
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`./configure; make; sudo make install` will install wmbusmeters as a daemon.
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Check the contents of your `/etc/wmbusmeters.conf` file, assuming it
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has `device=auto:t1` and you are using a im871a,amb8465,rc1180 or cul device,
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then you can now start the daemon with `sudo systemctl start wmbusmeters`
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or you can try it from the command line `wmbusmeters auto:t1`
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Wmbusmeters will scan for wmbus devices every few seconds and detect whenever
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a device is plugged in or removed.
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To have the wmbusmeters daemon start automatically when the computer boots do:
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`sudo systemctl enable wmbusmeters`
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You can trigger a reload of the config files with `sudo killall -HUP wmbusmetersd`
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(Note! make install only works for GNU/Linux. For MacOSX try to start
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`wmbusmetersd /tmp/thepidfile` from a script instead.)
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Check the config file /etc/wmbusmeters.conf and edit the device. For example:
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`auto:c1` or `im871a:c1,t1` or `im871a[457200101056]:t1` or `/dev/ttyUSB2:amb8465:c1,t1`
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Adding a device like auto or im871a will trigger an automatic probe of all serial ttys
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to auto find or to find on which tty the im871a resides.
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If you specify a full device path like `/dev/ttyUSB0:im871a:c1` or `rtlwmbus` or `rtl433`
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then it will not probe the serial devices. If you must be really sure that it will not probe something
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you can add `donotprobe=/dev/ttyUSB0` or `donotprobe=all`.
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You can specify combinations like: `device=rc1180:t1` `device=auto:c1`
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to set the rc1180 dongle to t1 but any other auto-detected dongle to c1.
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```ini
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loglevel=normal
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# Search for a wmbus device and set it to c1.
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device=auto:c1
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# But do not probe this serial tty.
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donotprobe=/dev/ttyACM2
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logtelegrams=false
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format=json
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meterfiles=/var/log/wmbusmeters/meter_readings
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meterfilesaction=overwrite
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meterfilesnaming=name
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meterfilestimestamp=day
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logfile=/var/log/wmbusmeters/wmbusmeters.log
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shell=/usr/bin/mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t wmbusmeters/$METER_ID -m "$METER_JSON"
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alarmshell=/usr/bin/mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t wmbusmeters_alarm -m "$ALARM_TYPE $ALARM_MESSAGE"
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alarmtimeout=1h
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alarmexpectedactivity=mon-sun(00-23)
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ignoreduplicates=true
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```
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Then add a meter file in /etc/wmbusmeters.d/MyTapWater
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```ini
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name=MyTapWater
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id=12345678
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key=00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF
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```
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Meter driver detection will be automatic. You can also provide an
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explicit driver name with: `driver=multical21:c1` or explicitly state
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that driver detection is automatic: `driver=auto`.
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Now plugin your wmbus dongle.
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Wmbusmeters should start automatically, check with `tail -f /var/log/syslog` and `tail -f /var/log/wmbusmeters/wmbusmeters.log`
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(If you are using an rtlsdr dongle, then make sure that either the binaries `/usr/bin/rtl_sdr` and
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`/usr/bin/rtl_wmbus` exists and are executable. Or that the executable `rtl_sdr/rtl_wmbus` binaries
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exists inside the same directory as the wmbusmeters executable. If not you will see the
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error message `(rtlwmbus) error: when starting as daemon, wmbusmeters looked for .../rtl_wmbus and /usr/bin/rtl_wmbus, but found neither!`
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and the daemon will refuse to start.)
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The latest reading of the meter can also be found here: `/var/log/wmbusmeters/meter_readings/MyTapWater`
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You can use several ids using `id=1111111,2222222,3333333` or you can listen to all
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meters of a certain type `id=*` or you can suffix with star `id=8765*` to match
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all meters with a given prefix. If you supply at least one positive match rule, then you
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can add negative match rules as well. For example `id=*,!2222*`
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which will match all meter ids, except those that begin with 2222.
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You can add the static json data `"address":"RoadenRd 456","city":"Stockholm"` to every json message with the
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wmbusmeters.conf setting:
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```ini
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field_address=RoadenRd 456
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field_city=Stockholm
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```
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If you add `field_floor=5` to the meter file `MyTapWater`, then you can have the meter tailored static json `"floor":"5"` added to telegrams handled by that particular meter. (The old prefix json_ still works.)
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If you are running on a Raspberry PI with flash storage and you relay the data to
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another computer using a shell command (`mosquitto_pub` or `curl` or similar) then you might want to remove `meterfiles` and `meterfilesaction` to minimize the writes to the local flash file system.
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Also when using the Raspberry PI it can get confused by the serial ports, in particular the bluetooth port might come and
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go as a serial tty depending on the config. Therefore it can be advantageous to use the auto device to find the proper tty
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(eg /dev/ttyUSB0) and then specify this tty device explicitly in the config file, instead of using auto. This assumes that
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you only have a single usb dongle otherwise the USB tty names can change depending on how and when the devices are
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unplugged/replugged and the pi restarted. If you have multiple devies with different antennas, then you should instead
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use donotprobe to avoid the ttys that can never have a wmbus dongle.
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If you specify `--meterfilesaction=append --meterfilestimestamp=day` then wmbusmeters will append all todays received telegrams in for example the file `Water_2019-12-11`, the day after the telegrams will be recorded in `Water_2019-12-12`. You can change the resolution to day,hour,minute and micros. Micros means that every telegram gets their own file.
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The purpose of the alarm shell and timeout is to notify you about
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problems within wmbusmeters and the wmbus dongles, not the meters
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themselves. Thus the timeout is for a dongle to receive some telegram
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at all. It does not matter from which meter.
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# Run using config files
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If you cannot install as a daemon, then you can also start
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wmbusmeters in your terminal using the config files in `/etc/wmbusmeters`.
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```shell
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wmbusmeters --useconfig=/
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```
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Or you can start wmbusmeters with your own config files:
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```shell
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wmbusmeters --useconfig=/home/me/.config/wmbusmeters
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```
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If you already have config with a device specified, and you want to use
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the config with another device. You might have multiple meters in the config
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that you want to listen to. Then you can add `--device` to override the settings
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in the config. Like this:
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```shell
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wmbusmeters --useconfig=/home/me/.config/wmbusmeters --device=rtlwmbus
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```
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You must have both `--useconfig=` and `--device=` for it to work.
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The files/dir should then be located here:
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`/home/me/.config/wmbusmeters/etc/wmbusmeters.conf` and
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`/home/me/.config/wmbusmeters/etc/wmbusmeters.d`
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When running using config files then you can trigger a reload of the config files
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using `sudo killall -HUP wmbusmetersd` or `killall -HUP wmbusmeters`
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depending on if you are running as a daemon or not.
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# Running without config files, good for experimentation and test.
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```
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wmbusmeters version: 1.4.0
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Usage: wmbusmeters {options} <device> ( [meter_name] [meter_driver]{:<modes>} [meter_id] [meter_key] )*
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As <options> you can use:
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--addconversions=<unit>+ add conversion to these units to json and meter env variables (GJ)
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--alarmexpectedactivity=mon-fri(08-17),sat-sun(09-12) Specify when the timeout is tested, default is mon-sun(00-23)
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--alarmshell=<cmdline> invokes cmdline when an alarm triggers
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--alarmtimeout=<time> Expect a telegram to arrive within <time> seconds, eg 60s, 60m, 24h during expected activity.
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--debug for a lot of information
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--device=<device> override device in config files. Use only in combination with --useconfig= option
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--donotprobe=<tty> do not auto-probe this tty. Use multiple times for several ttys or specify "all" for all ttys.
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--exitafter=<time> exit program after time, eg 20h, 10m 5s
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--format=<hr/json/fields> for human readable, json or semicolon separated fields
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--help list all options
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--ignoreduplicates=<bool> ignore duplicate telegrams, remember the last 10 telegrams
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--field_xxx=yyy always add "xxx"="yyy" to the json output and add shell env METER_xxx=yyy (--json_xxx=yyy also works)
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--license print GPLv3+ license
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--listento=<mode> listen to one of the c1,t1,s1,s1m,n1a-n1f link modes
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--listento=<mode>,<mode> listen to more than one link mode at the same time, assuming the dongle supports it
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--listenvs=<meter_driver> list the env variables available for the given meter driver
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--listfields=<meter_driver> list the fields selectable for the given meter driver
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--listmeters list all meter drivers
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--listmeters=<search> list all meter drivers containing the text <search>
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--listunits list all unit suffixes that can be used for typing values
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--logfile=<file> use this file for logging
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--logtelegrams log the contents of the telegrams for easy replay
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--logtimestamps=<when> add log timestamps: always never important
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--meterfiles=<dir> store meter readings in dir
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--meterfilesaction=(overwrite|append) overwrite or append to the meter readings file
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--meterfilesnaming=(name|id|name-id) the meter file is the meter's: name, id or name-id
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--meterfilestimestamp=(never|day|hour|minute|micros) the meter file is suffixed with a
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timestamp (localtime) with the given resolution.
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--nodeviceexit if no wmbus devices are found, then exit immediately
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--oneshot wait for an update from each meter, then quit
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--resetafter=<time> reset the wmbus dongle regularly, default is 23h
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--selectfields=id,timestamp,total_m3 select only these fields to be printed (--listfields=<meter> to list available fields)
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--separator=<c> change field separator to c
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--shell=<cmdline> invokes cmdline with env variables containing the latest reading
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--silent do not print informational messages nor warnings
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--trace for tons of information
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--useconfig=<dir> load config files from dir/etc
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--usestderr write notices/debug/verbose and other logging output to stderr (the default)
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--usestdoutforlogging write debug/verbose and logging output to stdout
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--verbose for more information
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--version print version
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```
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As device you can use:
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`auto:c1`, to have wmbusmeters probe for devices: im871a, amb8465, cul, rc1180 or rtlsdr (spawns rtlwmbus).
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`im871a:c1` to start all connected *im871a* devices in *c1* mode, ignore all other devices.
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`/dev/ttyUSB1:amb8465:c1` to start only this device on this tty. Do not probe for other devices.
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If you have two im871a you can supply both of them with their unique id:s and set different listening modes:
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`im871a[12345678]:c1` `im871a[11223344]:t1`
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You can also specify rtlwmbus and if you set the serial in the rtlsdr
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dongle using `rtl_eeprom -s 1234` you can also refer to a specific
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rtlsdr dongle like this `rtlwmbus[1234]`.
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`/dev/ttyUSB0:amb8465`, if you have an amb8465 dongle assigned to ttyUSB0. Other suffixes are im871a,cul.
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`/dev/ttyUSB0`, to have wmbusmeters auto-detect amb8465, im871a, rc1180 or cul device.
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`/dev/ttyUSB0:38400`, to have wmbusmeters set the baud rate to 38400 and listen for raw wmbus telegrams.
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These telegrams are expected to have the data link layer crc bytes removed already!
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`rtlwmbus`, to spawn the background process: `rtl_sdr -f 868.625M -s 1600000 - 2>/dev/null | rtl_wmbus -s`
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for each attached rtlsdr dongle. This will listen to S1,T1 and C1 meters in parallel.
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Note that this uses a noticeable amount of CPU time by rtl_wmbus.
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You can therefore use a tailored rtl_wmbus command that is more suitable for your needs.
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`rtlwmbus:CMD(<command line>)`, to specify the entire background
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process command line that is expected to produce rtlwbus compatible
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output.
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The command line cannot contain parentheses.
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Likewise for rtl433.
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Here is an example command line that reduces the rtl_wmbus CPU usage if you only need T1/C1 telegrams.
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It disable S1 decoding (`-p s`) and trades lower cpu usage for reception performance (`-a`):
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`rtlwmbus:CMD(rtl_sdr -f 868.95M -s 1600000 - 2>/dev/null | rtl_wmbus -p s -a)`
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`rtlwmbus(ppm=17)`, to tune your rtlsdr dongle accordingly.
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Use this to tune your dongle and at the same time listen to S1,T1 and C1.
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`rtlwmbus:433M`, to tune to this fq instead.
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This will listen to exactly to what is on this frequency.
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`rtl433`, to spawn the background process: `rtl_433 -F csv -f 868.95M`
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`rtl433(ppm=17)`, to tune your rtlsdr dongle accordingly.
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`rtl433:433M`, to tune to this fq instead.
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`stdin`, to read raw binary telegrams from stdin.
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These telegrams are expected to have the data link layer crc bytes removed already!
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`telegrams.bin`, to read raw wmbus telegrams from this file.
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These telegrams are expected to have the data link layer crc bytes removed already!
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`stdin:hex`, to read hex characters wbus telegrams from stdin.
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These telegrams are expected to have the data link layer crc bytes removed laready!
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`telegrams.txt:hex`, to read hex characters wmbus telegrams from this file.
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These telegrams are expected to have the data link layer crc bytes removed already!
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`stdin:rtlwmbus`, to read telegrams formatted using the rtlwmbus format from stdin. Works for rtl433 as well.
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`telegrams.msg:rtlwmbus`, to read rtlwmbus formatted telegrams from this file. Works for rtl433 as well.
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`simulation_abc.txt`, to read telegrams from the file (the file must have a name beginning with simulation_....)
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expecting the same format that is the output from `--logtelegrams`. This format also supports replay with timing.
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As meter quadruples you specify:
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* `<meter_name>`: a mnemonic for this particular meter (!Must not contain a colon ':' character!)
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* `<meter_driver>`: use `auto` or one of the supported meters (can be suffixed with `:<mode>` to specify which mode you expect the meter to use when transmitting)
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* `<meter_id>`: an 8 digit mbus id, usually printed on the meter
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* `<meter_key>`: an encryption key unique for the meter
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if the meter uses no encryption, then supply `NOKEY`
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```
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Supported wmbus dongles:
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IMST 871a (im871a)
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Amber 8465 (amb8465)
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CUL family (cul)
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Radiocraft (RC1180)
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rtl_wmbus (rtlwmbus)
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rtl_433 (rtl433)
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Supported water meters:
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Aventies (aventieswm)
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Apator at-wmbus-08 (apator08) (non-standard protocol)
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Apator at-wmbus-16-2 (apator162) (non-standard protocol, spurious decoding errors)
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Apator Ultrimis (ultrimis)
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Aquametro/Integra Topas Es Kr (topaseskr)
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Axioma W1 (q400)
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Bmeters Hydrodigit (hydrodigit) (partly non-standard protocol)
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Diehl/Sappel IZAR RC 868 I R4 PL (izar) (non-standard protocol)
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Diehl HYDRUS (hydrus)
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Diehl IZAR RC I G4 (dme_07)
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Elster Merlin 868 (emerlin868)
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Elster V200H (ev200)
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Maddalena EVO 868 (evo868)
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Honeywell Q400 (q400)
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Kamstrup Multical 21 (multical21)
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Kamstrup flowIQ 2200 (flowiq2200)
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Kamstrup flowIQ 3100 (flowiq3100)
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Qundis QWater5.5 (lse_07_17)
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Sontex Supercom 587 (supercom587)
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Sensus iPERL (iperl)
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Techem MK Radio 3 and 4 (mkradio3,mkradio4) (non-standard protocols)
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Waterstar M (waterstarm)
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Currently not supported, please help!
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Diehl/Sappel ACQUARIUS/IZAR R3 (izar3)
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Supported heat cost allocators:
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Innotas EurisII (eurisii)
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Qundis Q caloric (qcaloric)
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Sontex 868 (sontex868)
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Techem FHKV data II/III (fhkvdataiii)
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Siemens WHE542 (whe5x)
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Supported heat meters:
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Heat meter Techem Compact V / Compact Ve (compact5) (non-standard protocol)
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Heat meter Techem Vario 4 (vario451) (non-standard protocol)
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Heat meter Kamstrup Multical 302 (multical302) (in C1 mode, please open issue for T1 mode)
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Heat and Cooling meter Kamstrup Multical 403 (multical403) (in C1 mode)
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Heat and Cooling meter Kamstrup Multical 603 (multical603) (in C1 mode)
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Heat and Cooling meter Kamstrup Multical 803 (multical803) (in C1 mode)
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Heat meter Apator Elf (elf)
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Heat meter Diehl Sharky 775 (sharky)
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Heat and Cooling meter BMeters Hydrocal-M3 (hydrocalm3)
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Supported room sensors:
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Bmeters RFM-AMB Thermometer/Hygrometer (rfmamb)
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Elvaco CMa12w Thermometer (cma12w)
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Lansen Thermometer/Hygrometer (lansenth)
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Supported smoke detectors:
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Lansen Smoke Detector (lansensm)
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Ei Electronics Smoke Detector ei6500-oms (ei6500) (work in progress)
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Supported door/window detectors:
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Lansen Door/Window Detector (lansendw)
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Supported pulse counter:
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Lansen Pulse Counter (lansenpu)
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Supported electricity meters:
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Easy Meter ESYS-WM20 (esyswm)
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eBZ wMB-E01 (ebzwmbe)
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EMH Metering (ehzp)
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Tauron Amiplus (amiplus) (includes vendor apator and echelon)
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Gavazzi EM24 (em24)
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Gransystems 301 and 303 (gransystems)
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Kamstrup Omnipower (omnipower)
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|
|
|
Support gas meters:
|
|
uniSMART (unismart)
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
The wmbus dongle im871a can listen to either s1, c1 or t1.
|
|
However with the latest firmware version (0x15) im871a can
|
|
also listen to c1 and t1 telegrams at the same time.
|
|
(Use `--verbose` to see your dongles firmware version.)
|
|
If you have the older firmware you can download the upgrader here:
|
|
https://wireless-solutions.de/downloadfile/wireless-m-bus-software/
|
|
|
|
The amb8465 dongle can listen to either s1, c1 or t1. However it
|
|
can also listen to c1 and t1 at the same time.
|
|
|
|
With the latest rtlwmbus you can listen to s1, c1 and t1 at
|
|
the same time.
|
|
|
|
The cul dongle can listen to either s1, c1 or t1, but only
|
|
one at a time.
|
|
|
|
The rc1180 dongle can listen only to t1.
|
|
|
|
# Usage examples
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters auto:c1
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Listens for C1 telegrams using any of your available wmbus dongles:
|
|
```
|
|
Received telegram from: 12345678
|
|
manufacturer: (KAM) Kamstrup Energi (0x2c2d)
|
|
device type: Cold water meter (0x16)
|
|
device ver: 0x1b
|
|
device: im871a[12345678]
|
|
rssi: -77 dBm
|
|
driver: multical21
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Now listen to this specific meter, since the driver is auto-detected, we can use `auto` for the meter driver.
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters auto:c1 MyTapWater auto 12345678 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
(The Multical21 and other meters use compressed telegrams, which means
|
|
that you might have to wait up to 8 telegrams (8*16 seconds) until you
|
|
receive a full length telegram which gives all the information needed
|
|
to decode the compressed telegrams.)
|
|
|
|
Example output:
|
|
|
|
`MyTapWater 12345678 6.388 m3 6.377 m3 0.000 m3/h 8°C 23°C DRY(dry 22-31 days) 2018-03-05 12:02.50`
|
|
|
|
(Here the multical21 itself, is configured to send target volume, therefore the max flow is 0.000 m3/h.)
|
|
|
|
Example format json output:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --format=json /dev/ttyUSB0:im871a MyTapWater multical21:c1 12345678 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF MyHeater multical302 22222222 00112233445566778899AABBCCDDEEFF
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{"media":"cold water","meter":"multical21","name":"MyTapWater","id":"12345678","total_m3":6.388,"target_m3":6.377,"max_flow_m3h":0.000,"flow_temperature":8,"external_temperature":23,"current_status":"DRY","time_dry":"22-31 days","time_reversed":"","time_leaking":"","time_bursting":"","timestamp":"2018-02-08T09:07:22Z","device":"im871a[1234567]","rssi_dbm":-40}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```json
|
|
{"media":"heat","meter":"multical302","name":"MyHeater","id":"22222222","total_kwh":0.000,"total_volume_m3":0.000,"current_kw":"0.000","timestamp":"2018-02-08T09:07:22Z"}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Example format fields output and use tuned rtlsdr dongle with rtlwmbus.
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --format=fields 'rtlwmbus(ppm=72)' GreenhouseWater multical21:c1 33333333 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
GreenhouseTapWater;33333333;9999.099;77.712;0.000;11;31;;2018-03-05 12:10.24
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can select a subset of all available fields, where we also select to print the timestamp as a unix timestamp.
|
|
The timestamp field is UTC time for json and local time when hr and fields. To explicitly select utc you
|
|
can specify timestamp_utc and timestamp_lt for local time.
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --format=fields --selectfields=id,total_m3,timestamp_ut,timestamp_utc /dev/ttyUSB0:im871a GreenhouseWater multical21:c1 33333333 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
33333333;9999.099;1628434800;2021-08-08T15:00.00Z
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can list all available fields for a meter: `wmbusmeters --listfields=multical21`
|
|
|
|
You can list all meters: `wmbusmeters --listmeters`
|
|
|
|
You can search for meters: `wmbusmeters --listmeters=water` or `wmbusmteres --listmeters=q`
|
|
|
|
Eaxmple of using the shell command to publish to MQTT:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --shell='HOME=/home/you mosquitto_pub -h localhost -t water -m "$METER_JSON"' /dev/ttyUSB0:im871a GreenhouseWater multical21:c1 33333333 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
Eaxmple of using the shell command to inject data into postgresql database:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --shell="psql waterreadings -c \"insert into readings values ('\$METER_ID',\$METER_TOTAL_M3,'\$METER_TIMESTAMP') \" " /dev/ttyUSB0:amb8465 MyColdWater multical21:c1 12345678 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
(It is much easier to add shell commands in the conf file since you do not need to quote the quotes.)
|
|
|
|
You can have multiple shell commands and they will be executed in the order you gave them on the commandline.
|
|
|
|
To list the shell env variables available for a meter, run `wmbusmeters --listenvs=multical21` which outputs:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
METER_JSON
|
|
METER_TYPE
|
|
METER_NAME
|
|
METER_ID
|
|
METER_TOTAL_M3
|
|
METER_TARGET_M3
|
|
METER_MAX_FLOW_M3H
|
|
METER_FLOW_TEMPERATURE_C
|
|
METER_EXTERNAL_TEMPERATURE_C
|
|
METER_CURRENT_STATUS
|
|
METER_TIME_DRY
|
|
METER_TIME_REVERSED
|
|
METER_TIME_LEAKING
|
|
METER_TIME_BURSTING
|
|
METER_TIMESTAMP
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
(If you have supplied `--field_floor=5` then you will also see `METER_floor` in the list)
|
|
|
|
Note that the `METER_TIMESTAMP` and the timestamp in the json output, is in UTC format, this is not your localtime.
|
|
However the hr and fields output will print your localtime.
|
|
|
|
You can add `shell=commandline` to a meter file stored in `wmbusmeters.d`, then this meter will use
|
|
this shell command instead of the command stored in `wmbusmeters.conf`.
|
|
|
|
You can use `--debug` to get both verbose output and the actual data bytes sent back and forth with the wmbus usb dongle.
|
|
|
|
If the meter does not use encryption of its meter data, then enter NOKEY on the command line.
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --format=json --meterfiles /dev/ttyUSB0:im871a:c1 MyTapWater multical21:c1 12345678 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Using wmbusmeters in a pipe
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
rtl_sdr -f 868.625M -s 1600000 - 2>/dev/null | rtl_wmbus -s | wmbusmeters --format=json stdin:rtlwmbus MyMeter auto 12345678 NOKEY | ...more processing...
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
# Decoding hex string telegrams
|
|
|
|
If you have a single telegram as hex, which you want decoded, you do not need to create a simulation file,
|
|
you can just supply the telegram as a hex string on the command line.
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters 234433300602010014007a8e0000002f2f0efd3a1147000000008e40fd3a341200000000
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
which will output:
|
|
```
|
|
No meters configured. Printing id:s of all telegrams heard!
|
|
Received telegram from: 00010206
|
|
manufacturer: (LAS) Lansen Systems, Sweden (0x3033)
|
|
type: Other (0x00)
|
|
ver: 0x14
|
|
driver: lansenpu
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You an of course decode the meter on the fly:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
wmbusmeters --format=json 234433300602010014007a8e0000002f2f0efd3a1147000000008e40fd3a341200000000 MyCounter auto 00010206 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
which will output:
|
|
|
|
```
|
|
{"media":"other","meter":"lansenpu","name":"MyCounter","id":"00010206","counter_a_int":4711,"counter_b_int":1234,"timestamp":"2021-09-12T08:45:52Z"}
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
You can also pipe the hex into wmbusmeters like this:
|
|
|
|
```shell
|
|
echo 234433300602010014007a8e0000002f2f0efd3a1147000000008e40fd3a341200000000 | ./build/wmbusmeters --silent --format=json stdin:hex MyCounter auto 00010206 NOKEY
|
|
```
|
|
|
|
or read hex data from a a file, `wmbusmeters myfile.txt:hex`
|
|
|
|
Any non-hex characters are ignored when using the suffix `:hex`. The hex string must be proper
|
|
with no spaces nor bad characters, when supplied on the command line.
|
|
|
|
# Additional tools
|
|
|
|
If you have a Kamstrup meters and you have received a KEM file and its
|
|
password from your supplier, then you can use `python2 utils/kem-import.py`
|
|
[utils/kem-import.py](utils/kem-import.py) to extract meter
|
|
information from that file (including the AES key) and to create
|
|
corresponding meter files in wmbusmetrs' config directory.
|
|
|
|
You can also use the XMLExtract Java program. `javac utils/XMLExtract`
|
|
and then `java -cp utils XMLExtract` to print the key on the command line.
|
|
|
|
You can run wmbusmeters with `--logtelegrams` to get log output that can
|
|
be placed in a simulation.txt file. You can then run wmbusmeter and
|
|
instead of an usb device, you provide the `simulation.txt` file as
|
|
argument. See test.sh for more info.
|
|
|
|
If you do not specify any meters on the command line, then wmbusmeters
|
|
will listen and print the header information of any telegram it hears.
|
|
|
|
# Builds and runs on GNU/Linux MacOSX (with recent XCode), and FreeBSD
|
|
|
|
(For MacOSX do `brew install librtlsdr libusb` which takes such a long
|
|
time that the MacOSX travis build is disabled for the moment.)
|
|
|
|
`./configure && make && make test`
|
|
|
|
Binary generated: `./build/wmbusmeters`
|
|
|
|
`make install` will install this binary.
|
|
|
|
`make HOST=arm` to cross compile from GNU/Linux to Raspberry PI.
|
|
|
|
Binary generated: `./build_arm/wmbusmeters`
|
|
|
|
`make DEBUG=true`
|
|
|
|
Binary generated: `./build_debug/wmbusmeters`
|
|
|
|
`make testd` to run all tests using the debug build.
|
|
|
|
Debug builds only work on FreeBSD if the compiler is LLVM. If your
|
|
system default compiler is gcc, set `CXX=clang++` to the build
|
|
environment to force LLVM to be used.
|
|
|
|
`make DEBUG=true HOST=arm`
|
|
|
|
Binary generated: `./build_arm_debug/wmbusmeters`
|
|
|
|
# System configuration
|
|
|
|
`make install` installs the files:
|
|
|
|
`/etc/wmbusmeters.conf`
|
|
`/usr/bin/wmbusmeters`
|
|
`/usr/sbin/wmbusmetersd`
|
|
`/etc/systemd/system/wmbusmeters.service`
|
|
`/etc/logrotate.d/wmbusmeters`
|
|
|
|
creates these directories:
|
|
|
|
`/etc/wmbusmeters.d`
|
|
`/var/log/wmbusmeters/meter_readings`
|
|
|
|
and adds the user `wmbusmeters` with no login account.
|
|
|
|
# Common problems
|
|
|
|
If wmbusmeters detects no device, but you know you have plugged in your wmbus dongle, then
|
|
run with `--verbose` to get more information on why the devices are not detected.
|
|
Typically this is because you are not in the dialout (for usb-serial dongles) or plugdev (for rtlsdr) group.
|
|
|
|
Run `sudo make install` to add the current user to the dialout group and the wmbusmeters group.
|
|
|
|
If the daemon has started then the wmbus device will be taken and you cannot start wmbusmeters manually.
|
|
|
|
To run manually, first make sure the daemon is stopped `sudo systemctl stop wmbusmeters`
|
|
if this hangs, then do `sudo killall -9 wmbusmetersd` and/or `sudo killall -9 wmbusmeters`.
|
|
|
|
## How to receive telegrams over longer distances
|
|
|
|
I only have personal experience of the im871a,amb8465 and an rtlsdr
|
|
compatible dongle. The commercial dongles (im871a,amb8464) receive
|
|
well despite having tiny antennas inside the dongle. However the
|
|
reception range is limited by walls and you must definitely get quite
|
|
close to the meter if it is mounted underground in a concrete tube.
|
|
|
|
The rtlsdr/rtl-wmbus solution seems to work for a lot of users, but it
|
|
does use more cpu-power since it decodes the radio traffic in
|
|
software. Range seems to be similar to the other dongles, despite the
|
|
antenna being much larger.
|
|
|
|
At least one professional collector use the same commercial dongles,
|
|
but the versions with an external antenna connector, into which they
|
|
attach a radio amplifier for the proper frequency, and then a larger
|
|
antennna. This makes it possible to receive telegrams from meters
|
|
underground and over larger distances.
|
|
|
|
## Non-standard baud rate set for AMB8465 USB stick
|
|
|
|
Wmbusmeters expects the serial baud rate for the AMB8465 USB stick to be 9600 8n1.
|
|
If you have used another tool and changed the baud rate to something else
|
|
you need to restore the baud rate to 9600 8n1. You can do that with that other tool,
|
|
or you can try wmbusmeters-admin and select `Reset wmbus receives`
|
|
this command try all potential baud rates and send the factory reset command.
|
|
Then you have to unplug and reinsert the dongle.
|
|
|
|
If you like to send the bytes manually, the correct bytes are:
|
|
|
|
* Factory reset of the settings: `0xFF1100EE`
|
|
* Reset the stick to apply the factory defaults: `0xFF0500FA` this is not necessary if you unplug and reinsert the dongle.
|
|
|
|
# Source code
|
|
|
|
The source code is modular and it should be relatively straightforward to add more receivers and meters.
|
|
|
|
Read for example the text file: HowToAddaNewMeter.txt
|
|
|
|
# Caveat
|
|
|
|
If you do not get proper readings from the meters with non-standard protocols. apator162, mkradio3, vario451
|
|
then you have to open an issue here and help out by logging a lot of messages and reverse engineer them
|
|
even more..... :-/
|
|
|
|
# Good free documents on the wireless mbus protocol standard EN 13757
|
|
|
|
https://oms-group.org/
|
|
|
|
There is also a lot of wmbus protocol implementation details that
|
|
are missing. They will be added to the program as we figure out
|
|
how the meters send their data.
|