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pics/binary/README.md

12 KiB
Czysty Wina Historia

Basics of computing

Hexadecimal

hexadecimal

Colors

colors

Image

Image

Portable PixMap

Examples

Portable PixMap 1/2 Portable PixMap 2/2

Charsets and encodings

ASCII

ASCIIL American Standard Code for Information Interchange printable ASCII complete ASCII

DOS codepages

DOS characters in DOS Central European and KOI8-R pages Icelandic, Nordic, Greek and Windows 1252

EBCDIC

EBCDIC: Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code A Programming Language - EBCDIC cp 293

Misc

PETSCII

File formats

Containers:

  • IFF: EA Interchange File Format (1985)
  • RIFF: Resource Interchange File Format (1991)
  • CFB: Compound file binary (DOCFILE / D0CF11E) (1997-2004)
  • EBML: Extensible Binary Meta Language (2002)
  • ISOBMFF: ISO Base Media File Format (2004?)

Executables

  • ELF - Executable and linkable format

Microsoft

  • Com (Dos [transient] commands)
  • Exe - MZ executable [DOS] (1981-)
  • EXE (PE Dos Stub)
  • Pif - Program information File (Windows 1-, 1985-)
  • NE - New Executable (Windows 1-2000, 1985-2000)
  • LE - Linear Executable
  • PE - Portable executable (Windows NT 3.1-, 1993-)

Apple

  • Rsrc - Resource fork (Mac System 1-, 1984)
  • Pef - Preferred Executable Format (Mac System 7-9 , 1991-1999)

Macho - Mach Object (NeXTSTEP, MacOS, iOS)

  • (Little 32b)

  • (Little 64b)

  • (Big 32b PowerPC)

  • (Big 64b PowerPC)

  • Fat/Universal Mach-o

Others

  • Class - Java / JVM (1994)

  • DEX - Dalvik Executable [Android] (2008?)

  • Swf - ShockWave Flash / Small web file (1995?)

  • Dol - Nintendo Dolphin (Gamecube, Wii, 2001-2017)

  • OFF - OS/360 Object File format [EBCDIC] (1966?)

  • Tos - GEMDOS Program format [Atari ST]

  • Hunk - Amiga Hunk [Commodore AmigaOS]

  • TE - Terse Executable [UEFI]

  • Wasm - WebAssembly (2017)

Images

  • Png - Portable Network graphics (1996)

  • Jpeg (JFIF) - Joint Photographic Experts Group - File Interchange Format

  • Dicom - Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine

  • Xbm - X BitMap (X11 1989)

Netpbm (1988)

  • Pgm - Portable Graymap

  • Ppm - Portable Pixmap

  • [I]Lbm - Interleaved Bitmap [IFF] (1985)

BMP - Bitmap [Windows 2 (1987)]

  • v1

  • v3

  • v5

  • Gif - Graphics Interchange Format (1987)

TIFF - Tag Image File Format (1986)

  • little endian
  • big endian

PCX - Zsoft Picture exchange [DOS] (1982)

  • 16 colors

  • 256 colors

  • TGA/TARGA - TrueVision [Advanced Raster] Graphics Adapter (1984)

ICO - Windows icon

  • w/ BMP

  • w/ PNG

  • Pif - Portable Image Format (2022)

  • Qoi - Quite Ok Image (2021)

  • 1ba - 1-bit animation

Videos

  • Mp4 [ISOBMFF] (2001)
  • Mkv - Matroska video [EBML] (2002)

Y4M - Yuv4mpeg2

  • (mono)
  • (yuv)

Archives

Copy [files] In & out [of archives] (1977)

  • binary

  • ASCII

  • Zip - PkZip (1989)

  • Lzma - Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (1998)

    • Lzma - Lempel-Ziv-Markov chain algorithm (with End of Stream marker)

  • 7zip (1999)

  • Xz (2009)

  • Cab - Microsoft Cabinet File (Mscf) (1995?)

  • Rpm - Redhat/RPM Package Manager (1997)

Rar - Roschal Archive (1995)

  • v1.4

  • v4

  • v5

  • Arj - Archived by Robert Jung (1991?)

  • bz2 - Bzip2 (1996)

Wad - Where's all the data? (1993)

  • (structure)

  • (in Doom)

  • Zstd - Zstandard (2015)

    • w/ Skippable frame

  • LZ4 (2011)

Documents

  • Pdf - Portable document format (1992)

  • RTF - Rich text format (1987)

  • Msi - Microsoft Installer [CFB]

  • Docm - WordML/WordProcessingML (Microsoft Office XML format) - XML

    • ActiveMime - MSO XML Bindata

  • Docx - Doc XML (Office Open XML) - ZIP+XMLs

Multiplan - Excel:

  • Sylk - Symbolic link - Multiplan 1 (1984-), Excel 1 (1986-)

Biff - Binary Interchange File Format

  • v2: v2, 1989 (raw)

  • v8: 97-2003, 1998-2004 [CFB]

  • CHM - Compiled HTML help - Info-Tech Storage Format (1997)

  • One - One Note (2014-)

Wmf - Windows Metafile Format (1992)

  • with Placeable header

  • Emf - Enhanced Metafile Format (1993)

Sound

  • 8svx - 8-bit sample voice [Amiga][Iff] (1985)

AIFF - Audio interchange file format [Apple][Iff] (1988)

    • AIFFC - Compressed

  • Wav - Waveform [Riff] (1991)

  • Rmi - Riff Midi [Riff]

  • Midi - Musical Instrument Digital Interface

Others

  • Mbr+DPT - Master Boot Record with Disk Partitions Table (1983)

  • Lnk - Shell link [Windows]

  • Cdix - ClangD Index [Riff] (2018)

  • Hex records - Intel[lec] Hexadecimal object (1973)

  • Uf2 - USB Flashing format (2016)

Opcodes:

101

Dissection with more descriptions, and explanations (my initial style of binary posters).

source Inkscape SVGs and PoC with their sources are included

PE 101

Others

Structures

A layout of the various format's structures

Opcodes' tables

Available in compact

or 'with descriptions' formats

Cryptography

Jneavat! N qnatrebhf pelcgbtencuvp bowrpg vf urnqvat lbhe jnl....