docker-documentation/images/docker-swag.md

linuxserver/swag

SWAG - Secure Web Application Gateway (formerly known as letsencrypt, no relation to Let's Encrypt™) sets up an Nginx webserver and reverse proxy with php support and a built-in certbot client that automates free SSL server certificate generation and renewal processes. It also contains fail2ban for intrusion prevention.

Supported Architectures

Our images support multiple architectures such as x86-64, arm64 and armhf. We utilise the docker manifest for multi-platform awareness. More information is available from docker here and our announcement here.

Simply pulling linuxserver/swag should retrieve the correct image for your arch, but you can also pull specific arch images via tags.

The architectures supported by this image are:

Architecture	Tag
x86-64	amd64-latest
arm64	arm64v8-latest
armhf	arm32v7-latest

Usage

Here are some example snippets to help you get started creating a container from this image.

docker

docker create \
  --name=swag \
  --cap-add=NET_ADMIN \
  -e PUID=1000 \
  -e PGID=1000 \
  -e TZ=Europe/London \
  -e URL=yourdomain.url \
  -e SUBDOMAINS=www, \
  -e VALIDATION=http \
  -e DNSPLUGIN=cloudflare `#optional` \
  -e PROPAGATION= `#optional` \
  -e DUCKDNSTOKEN= `#optional` \
  -e EMAIL= `#optional` \
  -e ONLY_SUBDOMAINS=false `#optional` \
  -e EXTRA_DOMAINS= `#optional` \
  -e STAGING=false `#optional` \
  -p 443:443 \
  -p 80:80 `#optional` \
  -v /path/to/appdata/config:/config \
  --restart unless-stopped \
  linuxserver/swag

docker-compose

Compatible with docker-compose v2 schemas.

---
version: "2.1"
services:
  swag:
    image: linuxserver/swag
    container_name: swag
    cap_add:
      - NET_ADMIN
    environment:
      - PUID=1000
      - PGID=1000
      - TZ=Europe/London
      - URL=yourdomain.url
      - SUBDOMAINS=www,
      - VALIDATION=http
      - DNSPLUGIN=cloudflare #optional
      - PROPAGATION= #optional
      - DUCKDNSTOKEN= #optional
      - EMAIL= #optional
      - ONLY_SUBDOMAINS=false #optional
      - EXTRA_DOMAINS= #optional
      - STAGING=false #optional
    volumes:
      - /path/to/appdata/config:/config
    ports:
      - 443:443
    ports:
      - 80:80 #optional
    restart: unless-stopped

Parameters

Docker images are configured using parameters passed at runtime (such as those above). These parameters are separated by a colon and indicate <external>:<internal> respectively. For example, -p 8080:80 would expose port 80 from inside the container to be accessible from the host's IP on port 8080 outside the container.

Ports (-p)

Parameter	Function
443	Https port
80	Http port (required for http validation and http -> https redirect)

Environment Variables (-e)

Env	Function
PUID=1000	for UserID - see below for explanation
PGID=1000	for GroupID - see below for explanation
TZ=Europe/London	Specify a timezone to use EG Europe/London.
URL=yourdomain.url	Top url you have control over (customdomain.com if you own it, or customsubdomain.ddnsprovider.com if dynamic dns).
SUBDOMAINS=www,	Subdomains you'd like the cert to cover (comma separated, no spaces) ie. www,ftp,cloud. For a wildcard cert, set this exactly to wildcard (wildcard cert is available via dns and duckdns validation only)
VALIDATION=http	Certbot validation method to use, options are http, dns or duckdns (dns method also requires DNSPLUGIN variable set) (duckdns method requires DUCKDNSTOKEN variable set, and the SUBDOMAINS variable must be either empty or set to wildcard).
DNSPLUGIN=cloudflare	Required if VALIDATION is set to dns. Options are aliyun, cloudflare, cloudxns, cpanel, digitalocean, dnsimple, dnsmadeeasy, domeneshop, gandi, google, inwx, linode, luadns, nsone, ovh, rfc2136, route53 and transip. Also need to enter the credentials into the corresponding ini (or json for some plugins) file under /config/dns-conf.
PROPAGATION=	Optionally override (in seconds) the default propagation time for the dns plugins.
DUCKDNSTOKEN=	Required if VALIDATION is set to duckdns. Retrieve your token from https://www.duckdns.org
EMAIL=	Optional e-mail address used for cert expiration notifications.
ONLY_SUBDOMAINS=false	If you wish to get certs only for certain subdomains, but not the main domain (main domain may be hosted on another machine and cannot be validated), set this to true
EXTRA_DOMAINS=	Additional fully qualified domain names (comma separated, no spaces) ie. extradomain.com,subdomain.anotherdomain.org,*.anotherdomain.org
STAGING=false	Set to true to retrieve certs in staging mode. Rate limits will be much higher, but the resulting cert will not pass the browser's security test. Only to be used for testing purposes.

Volume Mappings (-v)

Volume	Function
/config	All the config files including the webroot reside here.

Environment variables from files (Docker secrets)

You can set any environment variable from a file by using a special prepend FILE__.

As an example:

-e FILE__PASSWORD=/run/secrets/mysecretpassword

Will set the environment variable PASSWORD based on the contents of the /run/secrets/mysecretpassword file.

Umask for running applications

For all of our images we provide the ability to override the default umask settings for services started within the containers using the optional -e UMASK=022 setting. Keep in mind umask is not chmod it subtracts from permissions based on it's value it does not add. Please read up here before asking for support.

User / Group Identifiers

When using volumes (-v flags), permissions issues can arise between the host OS and the container, we avoid this issue by allowing you to specify the user PUID and group PGID.

Ensure any volume directories on the host are owned by the same user you specify and any permissions issues will vanish like magic.

In this instance PUID=1000 and PGID=1000, to find yours use id user as below:

  $ id username
    uid=1000(dockeruser) gid=1000(dockergroup) groups=1000(dockergroup)

Application Setup

Migrating from the old linuxserver/letsencrypt image

• If using docker cli:
  • Stop and remove existing container via docker stop letsencrypt and docker rm letsencrypt
  • Create new container using the sample on this page (container name: swag, image name: linuxserver/swag)
• If using docker compose:
  • Edit the compose yaml to change the image to linuxserver/swag and change the service and container names to swag
  • Issue docker-compose up -d --remove-orphans
  • If you don't want to or can't use the option --remove-orphans, then you can first do docker-compose down, then edit the compose yaml as above, and then issue docker-compose up -d

Make sure to also update any references to this container by name. For instance, Nextcloud's config.php references this container in its trusted_proxies directive, which would have to be updated to swag.

Validation and initial setup

• Before running this container, make sure that the url and subdomains are properly forwarded to this container's host, and that port 443 (and/or 80) is not being used by another service on the host (NAS gui, another webserver, etc.).
• For http validation, port 80 on the internet side of the router should be forwarded to this container's port 80
• For dns validation, make sure to enter your credentials into the corresponding ini (or json for some plugins) file under /config/dns-conf
  • Cloudflare provides free accounts for managing dns and is very easy to use with this image. Make sure that it is set up for "dns only" instead of "dns + proxy"
  • Google dns plugin is meant to be used with "Google Cloud DNS", a paid enterprise product, and not for "Google Domains DNS"
• For duckdns validation, either leave the SUBDOMAINS variable empty or set it to wildcard, and set the DUCKDNSTOKEN variable with your duckdns token. Due to a limitation of duckdns, the resulting cert will only cover either main subdomain (ie. yoursubdomain.duckdns.org), or sub-subdomains (ie. *.yoursubdomain.duckdns.org), but will not both at the same time. You can use our duckdns image to update your IP on duckdns.org.
• --cap-add=NET_ADMIN is required for fail2ban to modify iptables
• If you need a dynamic dns provider, you can use the free provider duckdns.org where the URL will be yoursubdomain.duckdns.org and the SUBDOMAINS can be www,ftp,cloud with http validation, or wildcard with dns validation.
• After setup, navigate to https://yourdomain.url to access the default homepage (http access through port 80 is disabled by default, you can enable it by editing the default site config at /config/nginx/site-confs/default).
• Certs are checked nightly and if expiration is within 30 days, renewal is attempted. If your cert is about to expire in less than 30 days, check the logs under /config/log/letsencrypt to see why the renewals have been failing. It is recommended to input your e-mail in docker parameters so you receive expiration notices from Let's Encrypt in those circumstances.

Security and password protection

• The container detects changes to url and subdomains, revokes existing certs and generates new ones during start.
• The container provides a pre-generated 4096-bit dhparams.pem (rotated weekly via Jenkins job) for new instances, however you may generate your own by running docker exec swag openssl dhparam -out /config/nginx/dhparams.pem 4096 WARNING: This takes a very long time
• If you'd like to password protect your sites, you can use htpasswd. Run the following command on your host to generate the htpasswd file docker exec -it swag htpasswd -c /config/nginx/.htpasswd <username>
• You can add multiple user:pass to .htpasswd. For the first user, use the above command, for others, use the above command without the -c flag, as it will force deletion of the existing .htpasswd and creation of a new one
• You can also use ldap auth for security and access control. A sample, user configurable ldap.conf is provided, and it requires the separate image linuxserver/ldap-auth to communicate with an ldap server.

Site config and reverse proxy

• The default site config resides at /config/nginx/site-confs/default. Feel free to modify this file, and you can add other conf files to this directory. However, if you delete the default file, a new default will be created on container start.
• Preset reverse proxy config files are added for popular apps. See the README.md file under /config/nginx/proxy_confs for instructions on how to enable them. The preset confs reside in and get imported from this repo.
• If you wish to hide your site from search engine crawlers, you may find it useful to add this configuration line to your site config, within the server block, above the line where ssl.conf is included add_header X-Robots-Tag "noindex, nofollow, nosnippet, noarchive"; This will ask Google et al not to index and list your site. Be careful with this, as you will eventually be de-listed if you leave this line in on a site you wish to be present on search engines
• If you wish to redirect http to https, you must expose port 80

Using certs in other containers

• This container includes auto-generated pfx and private-fullchain-bundle pem certs that are needed by other apps like Emby and Znc.
  • To use these certs in other containers, do either of the following:
  1. (Easier) Mount the container's config folder in other containers (ie. -v /path-to-le-config:/le-ssl) and in the other containers, use the cert location /le-ssl/keys/letsencrypt/
  2. (More secure) Mount the SWAG folder etc that resides under /config in other containers (ie. -v /path-to-le-config/etc:/le-ssl) and in the other containers, use the cert location /le-ssl/letsencrypt/live/<your.domain.url>/ (This is more secure because the first method shares the entire SWAG config folder with other containers, including the www files, whereas the second method only shares the ssl certs)
  • These certs include:
  1. cert.pem, chain.pem, fullchain.pem and privkey.pem, which are generated by Let's Encrypt and used by nginx and various other apps
  2. privkey.pfx, a format supported by Microsoft and commonly used by dotnet apps such as Emby Server (no password)
  3. priv-fullchain-bundle.pem, a pem cert that bundles the private key and the fullchain, used by apps like ZNC

Using fail2ban

• This container includes fail2ban set up with 3 jails by default:
  1. nginx-http-auth
  2. nginx-badbots
  3. nginx-botsearch
• To enable or disable other jails, modify the file /config/fail2ban/jail.local
• To modify filters and actions, instead of editing the .conf files, create .local files with the same name and edit those because .conf files get overwritten when the actions and filters are updated. .local files will append whatever's in the .conf files (ie. nginx-http-auth.conf --> nginx-http-auth.local)
• You can check which jails are active via docker exec -it swag fail2ban-client status
• You can check the status of a specific jail via docker exec -it swag fail2ban-client status <jail name>
• You can unban an IP via docker exec -it swag fail2ban-client set <jail name> unbanip <IP>
• A list of commands can be found here: https://www.fail2ban.org/wiki/index.php/Commands

Updating configs

• This container creates a number of configs for nginx, proxy samples, etc.
• Config updates are noted in the changelog but not automatically applied to your files.
• If you have modified a file with noted changes in the changelog:
  1. Keep your existing configs as is (not broken, don't fix)
  2. Review our repository commits and apply the new changes yourself
  3. Delete the modified config file with listed updates, restart the container, reapply your changes
• If you have NOT modified a file with noted changes in the changelog:
  1. Delete the config file with listed updates, restart the container, reapply your changes
• Proxy sample updates are not listed in the changelog. See the changes here: https://github.com/linuxserver/reverse-proxy-confs/commits/master
• Proxy sample files WILL be updated, however your renamed (enabled) proxy files will not.
• You can check the new sample and adjust your active config as needed.

Docker Mods

We publish various Docker Mods to enable additional functionality within the containers. The list of Mods available for this image (if any) can be accessed via the dynamic badge above.

Support Info

• Shell access whilst the container is running:
  • docker exec -it swag /bin/bash
• To monitor the logs of the container in realtime:
  • docker logs -f swag
• Container version number
  • docker inspect -f '{{ index .Config.Labels "build_version" }}' swag
• Image version number
  • docker inspect -f '{{ index .Config.Labels "build_version" }}' linuxserver/swag

Versions

• 08.09.20: - Add php7-xsl.
• 01.09.20: - Update nginx.conf and proxy.conf (and various proxy samples) to better handle websockets.
• 03.08.20: - Initial release.