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readme.md
Welcome to TiddlyWiki5
Welcome to TiddlyWiki5, a reboot of TiddlyWiki, the venerable, reusable non-linear personal web notebook first released in 2004. It is a complete interactive wiki that can run from a single HTML file in the browser or as a powerful node.js application.
TiddlyWiki5 is currently in early beta, which is to say that it is useful but incomplete. You can get involved in the development on GitHub and the discussions on the TiddlyWikiDev Google Group.
TiddlyWiki5 is currently in early beta, which is to say that it is useful but incomplete. You can get involved in the development on GitHub and the discussions on the TiddlyWikiDev Google Group.
Usage
TiddlyWiki5 can be used on the command line to perform an extensive set of operations based on RecipeFiles, TiddlerFiles and TiddlyWikiFiles.
Usage:
The command line options are processed sequentially from left to right. Processing pauses during long operations, like loading a recipe file and all the subrecipes and tiddlers that it references, and then resumes with the next command line option in sequence. The following options are available:
This example cooks a TiddlyWiki from a recipe:
This example ginsus a TiddlyWiki into its constituent tiddlers:
Usage:
node tiddlywiki.js <options>
The command line options are processed sequentially from left to right. Processing pauses during long operations, like loading a recipe file and all the subrecipes and tiddlers that it references, and then resumes with the next command line option in sequence. The following options are available:
--recipe <filepath> | Loads a specfied .recipe file |
--load <filepath> | Load additional tiddlers from 2.x.x TiddlyWiki files (.html ), .tiddler , .tid , .json or other files |
--savewiki <dirpath> | Saves all the loaded tiddlers as a single file TiddlyWiki called index.html and an RSS feed called index.xml in a new directory of the specified name |
--savetiddler <title> <filename> [<type>] | Save an individual tiddler as a specified MIME type, defaults to text/html |
--savetiddlers <outdir> | Saves all the loaded tiddlers as .tid files in the specified directory |
--savehtml <outdir> | Saves all the loaded tiddlers as static, unstyled .html files in the specified directory |
--servewiki <port> | Serve the cooked TiddlyWiki over HTTP at / |
--servetiddlers <port> | Serve individual tiddlers over HTTP at /tiddlertitle |
--wikitest <dir> [save] | Run wikification tests against the tiddlers in the given directory. Include the save flag to save the test result files as the new targets |
--dumpstore | Dump the TiddlyWiki store in JSON format |
--dumprecipe | Dump the current recipe in JSON format |
--verbose | verbose output, useful for debugging |
Examples
This example loads the tiddlers from a TiddlyWiki HTML file and makes them available over HTTP:
node tiddlywiki.js --load mywiki.html --servewiki 127.0.0.1:8000
This example cooks a TiddlyWiki from a recipe:
node tiddlywiki.js --recipe tiddlywiki.com/index.recipe --savewiki tmp/
This example ginsus a TiddlyWiki into its constituent tiddlers:
node tiddlywiki.js --load mywiki.html --savetiddlers tmp/tiddlers
Notes
--servewiki
and --servertiddlers
are for different purposes and should not be used together. The former is for TiddlyWiki core developers who want to be able to edit the TiddlyWiki source files in a text editor and view the results in the browser by clicking refresh; it is slow because it reloads all the TiddlyWiki JavaScript files each time the page is loaded. The latter is for experimenting with the new wikification engine.--wikitest
looks for *.tid
files in the specified folder. It then wikifies the tiddlers to both "text/plain" and "text/html" format and checks the results against the content of the *.html
and *.txt
files in the same directory.Testing
test.sh
contains a simple test script that cooks the main tiddlywiki.com recipe and compares it with the results of the old build process (ie, running cook.rb and then opening the file in a browser and performing a 'save changes' operation). It also runs a series of wikifications tests that work off the data in test/wikitests/
.Architecture
Overview
The heart of TiddlyWiki can be seen as an extensible representation transformation engine. Given the text of a tiddler and its associated MIME type, the engine can produce a rendering of the tiddler in a new MIME type. Furthermore, it can efficiently selectively update the rendering to track any changes in the tiddler or its dependents.
The most important transformations are from
text/x-tiddlywiki
wikitext into text/html
or text/plain
but the engine is used throughout the system for other transformations, such as converting images for display in HTML, sanitising fragments of JavaScript, and processing CSS.The key feature of wikitext is the ability to include one tiddler within another (usually referred to as transclusion). For example, one could have a tiddler called Disclaimer that contains the boilerplate of a legal disclaimer, and then include it within lots of different tiddlers with the macro call
<<tiddler Disclaimer>>
. This simple feature brings great power in terms of encapsulating and reusing content, and evolving a clean, usable implementation architecture to support it efficiently is a key objective of the TiddlyWiki5 design.It turns out that the transclusion capability combined with the selective refreshing mechanism provides a good foundation for building TiddlyWiki's user interface itself. Consider, for example, the StoryMacro in its simplest form:
<<story story:MyStoryTiddler>>The story macro looks for a list of tiddler titles in the tiddler
MyStoryTiddler
, and displays them in sequence. The subtle part is that subsequently, if MyStoryTiddler
changes, the <<story>>
macro is selectively re-rendered. So, to navigate to a new tiddler, code merely needs to add the name of the tiddler and a line break to the top of MyStoryTiddler
:var storyTiddler = store.getTiddler("MyStoryTiddler"); store.addTiddler(new Tiddler(storyTiddler,{text: navigateTo + "\n" + storyTiddler.text}));The mechanisms that allow all of this to work are fairly intricate. The sections below progressively build the key architectural concepts of TiddlyWiki5 in a way that should provide a good basis for exploring the code directly.
Tiddlers
Tiddlers are an immutable dictionary of name:value pairs called fields.The only field that is required is the
title
field, but useful tiddlers also have a text
field, and some or all of the standard fields modified
, modifier
, created
, creator
, tags
and type
.Hardcoded in the system is the knowledge that the
tags
field is a string array, and that the modified
and created
fields are JavaScript Date
objects. All other fields are strings.The
type
field identifies the representation of the tiddler text with a MIME type.WikiStore
Groups of uniquely titled tiddlers are contained in WikiStore objects.The WikiStore also manages the plugin modules used for macros, and operations like serializing, deserializing, parsing and rendering tiddlers.
Each WikiStore is connected to another shadow store that is used to provide default content. Under usual circumstances, when an attempt is made to retrieve a tiddler that doesn't exist in the store, the search continues into its shadow store (and so on, if the shadow store itself has a shadow store).
WikiStore Events
Clients can register event handlers with the WikiStore object. Event handlers can be registered to be triggered for modifications to any tiddler in the store, or with a filter to only be invoked when a particular tiddler or set of tiddlers changes.Whenever a change is made to a tiddler, the wikistore registers a
nexttick
handler (if it hasn't already done so). The nexttick
handler looks back at all the tiddler changes, and dispatches any matching event handlers. Parsing and Rendering
TiddlyWiki parses the content of tiddlers to build an internal tree representation that is used for several purposes:- Rendering a tiddler to other formats (e.g. converting wikitext to HTML)
- Detecting outgoing links from a tiddler, and from them...
- ...computing incoming links to a tiddler
- Detecting tiddlers that are orphans with no incoming links
- Detecting tiddlers that are referred to but missing
TiddlyWiki5 uses multiple parsers:
- Wikitext (
text/x-tiddlywiki
) injs/WikiTextParser.js
- JavaScript (
text/javascript
) injs/JavaScriptParser.js
- Images (
image/png
andimage/jpg
) injs/ImageParser.js
- JSON (
application/json
) injs/JSONParser.js
- CSS (
text/css
) - Recipe (
text/x-tiddlywiki-recipe
)
js/App.js
and registered with the main WikiStore object.The parsers are all used the same way:
var parseTree = parser.parse(type,text) // Parses the text and returns a parse tree objectThe parse tree object exposes the following fields:
var renderer = parseTree.compile(type); // Compiles the parse tree into a renderer for the specified MIME type console.log(parseTree.toString(type)); // Returns a readable string representation of the parse tree (eitherThe dependencies are returned as an object like this:text/html
ortext/plain
) var dependencies = parseTree.dependencies; // Gets the dependencies of the parse tree (see below)
{ tiddlers: {"tiddlertitle1": true, "tiddlertitle2": false}, dependentAll: false }The
tiddlers
field is a hashmap of the title of each tiddler that is linked or included in the current one. The value is true
if the tiddler is a 'fat' dependency (ie the text is included in some way) or false
if the tiddler is a skinny
dependency.The
dependentAll
field is used to indicate that the tiddler contains a macro that scans the entire pool of tiddlers (for example the <<list>>
macro), and is potentially dependent on any of them. The effect is that the tiddler should be rerendered whenever any other tiddler changes.Rendering
TheparseTree.compile(type)
method returns a renderer object that contains a JavaScript function that generates the new representation of the original parsed text.The renderer is invoked as follows:
var renderer = parseTree.compile("text/html"); var html = renderer.render(tiddler,store);The
tiddler
parameter to the render
method identifies the tiddler that is acting as the context for this rendering — for example, it provides the fields displayed by the <<view>>
macro. The store
parameter is used to resolve any references to other tiddlers.Rerendering
When rendering to the HTML/SVG DOM in the browser, TiddlyWiki5 also allows a previous rendering to be selectively updated in response to changes in dependent tiddlers. At the moment, only the WikiTextRenderer supports rerendering.The rerender method on the renderer is called as follows:
var node = document.getElementById("myNode"); var renderer = parseTree.compile("text/html"); myNode.innerHTML = renderer.render(tiddler,store); // And then, later: renderer.rerender(node,changes,tiddler,store,renderStep);The parameters to
rerender()
are:Name | Description |
---|---|
node | A reference to the DOM node containing the rendering to be rerendered |
changes | A hashmap of {title: "created|modified|deleted"} indicating which tiddlers have changed since the original rendering |
tiddler | The tiddler providing the rendering context |
store | The store to use for resolving references to other tiddlers |
renderStep | See below |
<<story>>
macro; all other macros are rerendered by calling the ordinary render()
method again. The reason that the <<story>>
macro goes to the trouble of having a rerender()
method is so that it can be carefully selective about not disturbing tiddlers in the DOM that aren't affected by the change. If there were, for instance, a video playing in one of the open tiddlers it would be reset to the beginning if the tiddler were rerendered.Planned WikiText Features
It is proposed to extend the existing TiddlyWiki WikiText syntax with the following extensions
- Addition of
**bold**
character formatting - Addition of
`backtick for code`
character formatting - Addition of WikiCreole-style forced line break, e.g.
force\\linebreak
- Addition of WikiCreole-style headings, e.g.
==Heading
- Addition of WikiCreole-style headings in tables, e.g.
|=|=table|=header|
- Addition of white-listed HTML and SVG tags intermixed with wikitext
- Addition of WikiCreole-style pretty links, e.g.
[[description -> link]]
- Addition of multiline macros, e.g.
<<myMacro param1: Parameter value param2: value "unnamed parameter" param4: (( A multiline parameter that can go on for as long as it likes and contain linebreaks. )) >>
- Addition of typed text blocks, e.g.
$$$.js return "This will have syntax highlighting applied" $$$
This
readme
file was automatically generated by TiddlyWiki5