balloon-calc/notebooks/hotair-box.ipynb

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    "## Hot air balloon - lift calculator\n",
    "### Box shape\n",
    "[Source code](https://gitea.citizen4.eu/sp9unb/balloon-calc) \n",
    "\n",
    "[Run in mybinder.org IDE](https://mybinder.org/v2/git/https%3A%2F%2Fgitea.citizen4.eu%2Fsp9unb%2Fballoon-calc/HEAD?labpath=work%2Fhotair-box.ipynb) "
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    "# https://pythreejs.readthedocs.io\n",
    "from pythreejs import *\n",
    "from IPython.display import HTML,display\n",
    "from math import pi\n",
    "\n",
    "# https://ipywidgets.readthedocs.io\n",
    "import ipywidgets as widgets\n",
    "from ipywidgets import Layout\n",
    "\n",
    "# https://pypi.org/project/termcolor/\n",
    "from termcolor import colored\n",
    "\n",
    "#from scipy.interpolate import interp1d\n",
    "#import numpy as np\n",
    "\n",
    "#math\n",
    "from math import sin, tan, sqrt"
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    "# air density–temperature relationship at 1 atm or 101.325 kPa\n",
    "# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Density_of_air\n",
    "# https://www.engineersedge.com/calculators/air-density.htm\n",
    "# temp in st.C   density in g/m3\n",
    "\n",
    "#temp = [-25,-20,-15,-10,-5,0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35]\n",
    "#dens = [1422.4,1394.3,1367.3,1341.3,1316.3,1292.2,1269.0,1246.6,1225.0,1204.1,1183.9,1164.4,1145.5]\n",
    "#dens_temp_func = interp1d(temp, dens)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def airDensity(temp=0.0):\n",
    "    tempK = temp + 273.0   # absolute temperature [K]\n",
    "    p = 101325.0           # pressure [Pa]\n",
    "    rSpec = 287.0500676    # specific gas constant for dry air [J⋅kg−1⋅K−1]\n",
    "    return 1000.0 * p / ( rSpec * tempK )"
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    "# Ascent rate at ground level\n",
    "# https://northstar-www.dartmouth.edu/~klynch/pmwiki-gc/uploads/BalloonCalulations.pdf\n",
    "\n",
    "# Coefficient of Drag assumed to 0.3 (flat top)\n",
    "Cd = 0.3\n",
    "g = 9.81 # [m/s2]\n",
    "\n",
    "def ascentRate(volume=1.0, airDens=1.0, liftForce=1.0, topArea=1.0): \n",
    "    val = ( 2 * liftForce * g  ) / ( Cd * airDens * topArea )\n",
    "    if val < 0.0:\n",
    "        val = 0.0\n",
    "    return sqrt( val )\n"
   ]
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       "VBox(children=(FloatSlider(value=2.0, description='Width [m]:', layout=Layout(width='500px'), max=5.0, min=0.1…"
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    "def f(width,height,depth,airTemp,hotAirTemp,coatDens,tapeDens,payloadWeight):\n",
    "    \n",
    "  \n",
    "    out=widgets.Output(layout={'margin': '10px 10px 10px 20px'})   \n",
    "    with out:    \n",
    "    # Volume\n",
    "        volume = width * height * depth\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [m3]\".format(\"Volume:\",volume)) \n",
    "    # Area\n",
    "        area = 2 * (width * height + width * depth + height * depth)\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [m2]\".format(\"Area:\",area))  \n",
    "    # Coating density (protective film for painting): 300g / 4x5m = 15g/m2       \n",
    "        coatingWeight = coatDens * area\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g]\".format(\"Coating weight:\",coatingWeight))   \n",
    "    # adhesive tape density : average 2g/m   \n",
    "        tapeLength = 2 * width + 2 * depth + 4 * height\n",
    "        tapeWeight = tapeDens * tapeLength\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [m]\".format(\"Adh.tape length:\",tapeLength))          \n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g]\".format(\"Adh.tape weight:\",tapeWeight))    \n",
    "        totalWeight = coatingWeight + tapeWeight\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g]\".format(\"Total ball. weight:\",totalWeight))\n",
    "    # Lift per volume g/m3  \n",
    "    #    airDens = dens_temp_func( airTemp )\n",
    "    #    hotAirDens = dens_temp_func( hotAirTemp )    \n",
    "        airDens = airDensity( airTemp )\n",
    "        hotAirDens = airDensity( hotAirTemp )  \n",
    "        lift = airDens - hotAirDens\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g/m3]\".format(\"Lift/volume:\",lift))      \n",
    "    # Total lift force  lift * volume \n",
    "        totalLiftForce = lift * volume\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g]\".format(\"Total lift force:\",totalLiftForce))    \n",
    "    # Free lift force totalLiftForce - coatingWeight \n",
    "        freeLiftForce = totalLiftForce - totalWeight - payloadWeight\n",
    "        if freeLiftForce < 0:\n",
    "            color = 'red'\n",
    "        else:\n",
    "            color = None\n",
    "        print( colored(\"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [g]\".format(\"Free lift force:\",freeLiftForce),color)) \n",
    "    # Ascent rate        \n",
    "        topArea = width * depth\n",
    "        ascRate = ascentRate(volume, airDens/1000.0, freeLiftForce/1000.0, topArea)\n",
    "        print( \"{:<20}{:>6.1f} [m/s]\".format(\"Ascent rate:\",ascRate))  \n",
    "\n",
    "    geometry=BoxBufferGeometry(\n",
    "                                width=width, \n",
    "                                height=height, \n",
    "                                depth=depth,\n",
    "                                widthSegments=5, \n",
    "                                heightSegments=10,\n",
    "                                depthSegments=15)\n",
    "\n",
    "    box = Mesh(geometry=geometry,\n",
    "                material=MeshLambertMaterial(color='gray')\n",
    "               )\n",
    "  \n",
    "\n",
    "# [ width, height, depth ]\n",
    "    w2 = width/2\n",
    "    h2 = height/2\n",
    "    d2 = depth/2\n",
    "    w2n = -1 * width/2\n",
    "    h2n = -1 * height/2\n",
    "    d2n = -1 * depth/2\n",
    "    tapeGeometry = LineSegmentsGeometry(\n",
    "        positions=[\n",
    "            [[w2, h2, d2], [w2, h2n, d2]],\n",
    "            [[w2, h2, d2], [w2n, h2, d2]],\n",
    "            [[w2n, h2, d2], [w2n, h2n, d2]], \n",
    "            [[w2, h2, d2n], [w2, h2n, d2n]],\n",
    "            [[w2, h2, d2n], [w2n, h2, d2n]],\n",
    "            [[w2n, h2,d2n], [w2n, h2n, d2n]], \n",
    "            [[w2, h2n,d2], [w2, h2n, d2n]],\n",
    "            [[w2n, h2n,d2], [w2n, h2n, d2n]]             \n",
    "        ],\n",
    "    )        \n",
    "    tapeMaterial = LineMaterial(linewidth=3, color='#ffffff')    \n",
    "    tape = LineSegments2( tapeGeometry, tapeMaterial )      \n",
    "        \n",
    "    \n",
    "    keyLight = DirectionalLight(color='white', position=[3, 5, 1], intensity=0.5)\n",
    "\n",
    "    c = PerspectiveCamera(position=[2, 2, 5], up=[0, 1, 0], children=[keyLight])\n",
    "\n",
    "    scene = Scene(children=[box, tape, c, AmbientLight(color='#777777')], background=None)\n",
    "\n",
    "    renderer = Renderer(camera=c,\n",
    "                        scene=scene,\n",
    "                        alpha=True,\n",
    "                        clearOpacity=1.0,\n",
    "                        clearColor='#62a0ea',\n",
    "                        controls=[OrbitControls(controlling=c)]\n",
    "                        )\n",
    "    \n",
    "    display(widgets.HBox([renderer, out]))    \n",
    "#    return renderer\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "    display(HTML('''<style>\n",
    "         .widget-hbox  { margin-top: 20px; }\n",
    "     </style>'''))\n",
    "\n",
    "layout=Layout(width='500px')\n",
    "style = {'description_width': 'initial'}\n",
    "   \n",
    "width=widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.1, max=5.0, step=0.1, value=2.0, description='Width [m]:',readout_format='.1f',layout=layout,style=style) \n",
    "height=widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.1, max=5.0, step=0.1, value=2.0, description='Height [m]:',readout_format='.1f',layout=layout,style=style) \n",
    "depth=widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.1, max=5.0, step=0.1, value=2.0, description='Depth [m]:',readout_format='.1f',layout=layout,style=style)\n",
    "airTemp=widgets.FloatSlider(min=-40, max=35, step=1.0, value=10.0, description='Air temp.[°C]:',readout_format='.0f',layout=layout,style=style) \n",
    "hotAirTemp=widgets.FloatSlider(min=-40, max=55, step=1.0, value=35.0, description='Hot air temp.[°C]:',readout_format='.0f',layout=layout,style=style)\n",
    "coatDens=widgets.FloatSlider(min=1, max=50, step=1.0, value=15.0, description='Coating density [g/m2]:',readout_format='.0f',layout=layout,style=style) \n",
    "tapeDens=widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.5, max=10, step=0.5, value=2.0, description='Adh. tape density [g/m]:',readout_format='.1f',layout=layout,style=style) \n",
    "payloadWeight=widgets.FloatSlider(min=0.0, max=1000.0, step=1, value=0.0, description='Payload weight [g]:',readout_format='.0f',layout=layout,style=style)\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "w = widgets.interactive_output(f, {\n",
    "                                    'width' : width,\n",
    "                                    'height' : height,\n",
    "                                    'depth' : depth,\n",
    "                                    'airTemp' : airTemp,\n",
    "                                    'hotAirTemp' : hotAirTemp,\n",
    "                                    'coatDens' : coatDens,\n",
    "                                    'tapeDens' : tapeDens,\n",
    "                                    'payloadWeight' : payloadWeight\n",
    "                                }\n",
    "                            )\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "widgets.VBox([width, height, depth, airTemp, hotAirTemp, coatDens, tapeDens, payloadWeight, w])\n"
   ]
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