diff --git a/.github/workflows/deploy.yml b/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
index 7b29b5d..259e9e4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/deploy.yml
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ jobs:
             yarn build
             cp -rv ./frontend/dist/* .
             # remove folder that aren't needed in Pages before we upload
-            rm -rf ./tf ./scripts ./.github ./.npm ./consumer
+            rm -rf ./tf ./scripts ./.github ./.npm ./consumer ./*.md
             echo "******"
           command: pages publish --project-name=wildebeest-${{ env.OWNER_LOWER }} .
         env:
diff --git a/backend/src/activitypub/deliver.ts b/backend/src/activitypub/deliver.ts
index 9806f14..7a16b33 100644
--- a/backend/src/activitypub/deliver.ts
+++ b/backend/src/activitypub/deliver.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 // https://www.w3.org/TR/activitypub/#delivery
 
-import * as actors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
+import type { MessageSendRequest, Queue, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import type { Activity } from './activities'
 import type { Actor } from './actors'
 import { generateDigestHeader } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/utils/http-signing-cavage'
@@ -34,42 +35,30 @@ export async function deliverToActor(signingKey: CryptoKey, from: Actor, to: Act
 	}
 }
 
-export async function deliverFollowers(db: D1Database, signingKey: CryptoKey, from: Actor, activity: Activity) {
-	const body = JSON.stringify(activity)
+export async function deliverFollowers(
+	db: D1Database,
+	userKEK: string,
+	from: Actor,
+	activity: Activity,
+	queue: Queue<DeliverMessageBody>
+) {
 	const followers = await getFollowers(db, from)
 
-	const promises = followers.map(async (id) => {
-		const follower = new URL(id)
+	const messages: Array<MessageSendRequest<DeliverMessageBody>> = await Promise.all(
+		followers.map(async (id) => {
+			const body = {
+				// Make sure the object is supported by `structuredClone()`, ie
+				// removing the URL objects as they aren't clonabled.
+				activity: JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(activity)),
 
-		// FIXME: When an actor follows another Actor we should download its object
-		// locally, so we can retrieve the Actor's inbox without a request.
-
-		const targetActor = await actors.getAndCache(follower, db)
-		if (targetActor === null) {
-			console.warn(`actor ${follower} not found`)
-			return
-		}
-
-		const req = new Request(targetActor.inbox, {
-			method: 'POST',
-			body,
-			headers,
+				actorId: from.id.toString(),
+				toActorId: id,
+				type: MessageType.Deliver,
+				userKEK,
+			}
+			return { body }
 		})
-		const digest = await generateDigestHeader(body)
-		req.headers.set('Digest', digest)
-		await signRequest(req, signingKey, new URL(from.id))
+	)
 
-		const res = await fetch(req)
-		if (!res.ok) {
-			const body = await res.text()
-			console.error(`delivery to ${targetActor.inbox} returned ${res.status}: ${body}`)
-			return
-		}
-		{
-			const body = await res.text()
-			console.log(`${targetActor.inbox} returned 200: ${body}`)
-		}
-	})
-
-	await Promise.allSettled(promises)
+	await queue.sendBatch(messages)
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/middleware/error.ts b/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
index e48dfd6..439c75c 100644
--- a/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
+++ b/backend/src/middleware/error.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export async function errorHandling(context: EventContext<Env, any, any>) {
 		if (sentry !== null) {
 			sentry.captureException(err)
 		}
-		console.error(err)
+		console.error(err.stack)
 		return internalServerError()
 	}
 }
diff --git a/backend/src/types/env.ts b/backend/src/types/env.ts
index 9a77112..a156cc0 100644
--- a/backend/src/types/env.ts
+++ b/backend/src/types/env.ts
@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
+import type { Queue, MessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+
 export interface Env {
 	DATABASE: D1Database
 	KV_CACHE: KVNamespace
 	userKEK: string
-	QUEUE: Queue
+	QUEUE: Queue<MessageBody>
 
 	CF_ACCOUNT_ID: string
 	CF_API_TOKEN: string
diff --git a/backend/src/types/queue.ts b/backend/src/types/queue.ts
index e4c5072..e55d76f 100644
--- a/backend/src/types/queue.ts
+++ b/backend/src/types/queue.ts
@@ -1,15 +1,42 @@
 import type { Activity } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities'
 import type { JWK } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/webpush/jwk'
 
-export type MessageType = 'activity'
+export enum MessageType {
+	Inbox = 1,
+	Deliver,
+}
 
-export type MessageBody = {
+export interface MessageBody {
 	type: MessageType
 	actorId: string
-	content: Activity
+}
+
+// ActivityPub messages received by an Actor's Inbox are sent into the queue.
+export interface InboxMessageBody extends MessageBody {
+	activity: Activity
 
 	// Send secrets as part of the message because it's too complicated
 	// to bind them to the consumer worker.
 	userKEK: string
 	vapidKeys: JWK
 }
+
+// ActivityPub message delivery job are sent to the queue and the consumer does
+// the actual delivery.
+export interface DeliverMessageBody extends MessageBody {
+	activity: Activity
+	toActorId: string
+
+	// Send secrets as part of the message because it's too complicated
+	// to bind them to the consumer worker.
+	userKEK: string
+}
+
+export type MessageSendRequest<Body = MessageBody> = {
+	body: Body
+}
+
+export interface Queue<Body = MessageBody> {
+	send(body: Body): Promise<void>
+	sendBatch(messages: Iterable<MessageSendRequest<Body>>): Promise<void>
+}
diff --git a/backend/test/activitypub.spec.ts b/backend/test/activitypub.spec.ts
index 2142149..47fb303 100644
--- a/backend/test/activitypub.spec.ts
+++ b/backend/test/activitypub.spec.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { makeDB, isUrlValid } from './utils'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import type { JWK } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/webpush/jwk'
 import { createPerson } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import { createPublicNote } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects/note'
@@ -148,9 +149,9 @@ describe('ActivityPub', () => {
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 			assert(msg)
-			assert.equal(msg.type, 'activity')
+			assert.equal(msg.type, MessageType.Inbox)
 			assert.equal(msg.actorId, actor.id.toString())
-			assert.equal(msg.content.type, 'some activity')
+			assert.equal(msg.activity.type, 'some activity')
 		})
 	})
 })
diff --git a/backend/test/mastodon/accounts.spec.ts b/backend/test/mastodon/accounts.spec.ts
index aaba5d9..259b43e 100644
--- a/backend/test/mastodon/accounts.spec.ts
+++ b/backend/test/mastodon/accounts.spec.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert/strict'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import { addObjectInOutbox } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors/outbox'
 import { createPublicNote } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects/note'
 import * as accounts_following from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/[id]/following'
@@ -10,7 +11,7 @@ import * as accounts_follow from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/[id]/foll
 import * as accounts_unfollow from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/[id]/unfollow'
 import * as accounts_statuses from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/[id]/statuses'
 import * as accounts_get from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/[id]'
-import { isUrlValid, makeDB, assertCORS, assertJSON } from '../utils'
+import { isUrlValid, makeDB, assertCORS, assertJSON, makeQueue } from '../utils'
 import * as accounts_verify_creds from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/verify_credentials'
 import * as accounts_update_creds from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/accounts/update_credentials'
 import { createPerson, getPersonById } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 
 		test('update credentials', async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const connectedActor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const updates = new FormData()
@@ -112,7 +114,8 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 				connectedActor,
 				'CF_ACCOUNT_ID',
 				'CF_API_TOKEN',
-				userKEK
+				userKEK,
+				queue
 			)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
@@ -126,25 +129,14 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			assert.equal(updatedActor.summary, 'hein')
 		})
 
-		test('update credentials sends update', async () => {
+		test('update credentials sends update to follower', async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const connectedActor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 			const actor2 = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven2@cloudflare.com')
 			await addFollowing(db, actor2, connectedActor, 'sven2@' + domain)
 			await acceptFollowing(db, actor2, connectedActor)
 
-			let receivedActivity: any = null
-
-			globalThis.fetch = async (input: any) => {
-				if (input.url.toString() === `https://${domain}/ap/users/sven2/inbox`) {
-					assert.equal(input.method, 'POST')
-					receivedActivity = await input.json()
-					return new Response('')
-				}
-
-				throw new Error('unexpected request to ' + input.url)
-			}
-
 			const updates = new FormData()
 			updates.set('display_name', 'newsven')
 
@@ -158,14 +150,17 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 				connectedActor,
 				'CF_ACCOUNT_ID',
 				'CF_API_TOKEN',
-				userKEK
+				userKEK,
+				queue
 			)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
-			assert(receivedActivity)
-			assert.equal(receivedActivity.type, 'Update')
-			assert.equal(receivedActivity.object.id.toString(), connectedActor.id.toString())
-			assert.equal(receivedActivity.object.name, 'newsven')
+			assert.equal(queue.messages.length, 1)
+
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].type, MessageType.Deliver)
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].activity.type, 'Update')
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].actorId, connectedActor.id.toString())
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].toActorId, actor2.id.toString())
 		})
 
 		test('update credentials avatar and header', async () => {
@@ -187,6 +182,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			}
 
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const connectedActor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const updates = new FormData()
@@ -203,7 +199,8 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 				connectedActor,
 				'CF_ACCOUNT_ID',
 				'CF_API_TOKEN',
-				userKEK
+				userKEK,
+				queue
 			)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
diff --git a/backend/test/mastodon/statuses.spec.ts b/backend/test/mastodon/statuses.spec.ts
index e5437d1..7d60461 100644
--- a/backend/test/mastodon/statuses.spec.ts
+++ b/backend/test/mastodon/statuses.spec.ts
@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@ import * as statuses_context from 'wildebeest/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/con
 import { createPerson } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import { insertLike } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/like'
 import { insertReblog } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/reblog'
-import { isUrlValid, makeDB, assertJSON, streamToArrayBuffer } from '../utils'
+import { isUrlValid, makeDB, assertJSON, streamToArrayBuffer, makeQueue } from '../utils'
 import * as note from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects/note'
+import { addFollowing, acceptFollowing } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/follow'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 
 const userKEK = 'test_kek4'
 const sleep = (ms: number) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms))
@@ -23,6 +25,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 	describe('statuses', () => {
 		test('create new status missing params', async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 
 			const body = { status: 'my status' }
 			const req = new Request('https://example.com', {
@@ -32,12 +35,13 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			})
 
 			const connectedActor: any = {}
-			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK)
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 400)
 		})
 
 		test('create new status creates Note', async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const body = {
@@ -51,7 +55,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			})
 
 			const connectedActor = actor
-			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK)
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 			assertJSON(res)
 
@@ -87,6 +91,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 
 		test("create new status adds to Actor's outbox", async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const body = {
@@ -100,13 +105,50 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			})
 
 			const connectedActor = actor
-			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK)
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 			const row = await db.prepare(`SELECT count(*) as count FROM outbox_objects`).first()
 			assert.equal(row.count, 1)
 		})
 
+		test('create new status delivers to followers via Queue', async () => {
+			const queue = makeQueue()
+			const db = await makeDB()
+
+			const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
+			const followerA = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'followerA@cloudflare.com')
+			const followerB = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'followerB@cloudflare.com')
+
+			await addFollowing(db, followerA, actor, 'not needed')
+			await sleep(10)
+			await addFollowing(db, followerB, actor, 'not needed')
+			await acceptFollowing(db, followerA, actor)
+			await acceptFollowing(db, followerB, actor)
+
+			const body = { status: 'my status', visibility: 'public' }
+			const req = new Request('https://example.com', {
+				method: 'POST',
+				headers: { 'content-type': 'application/json' },
+				body: JSON.stringify(body),
+			})
+
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, actor, userKEK, queue)
+			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
+
+			assert.equal(queue.messages.length, 2)
+
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].type, MessageType.Deliver)
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].userKEK, userKEK)
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].actorId, actor.id.toString())
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[0].toActorId, followerA.id.toString())
+
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[1].type, MessageType.Deliver)
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[1].userKEK, userKEK)
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[1].actorId, actor.id.toString())
+			assert.equal(queue.messages[1].toActorId, followerB.id.toString())
+		})
+
 		test('create new status with mention delivers ActivityPub Note', async () => {
 			let deliveredNote: any = null
 
@@ -118,17 +160,17 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 								{
 									rel: 'self',
 									type: 'application/activity+json',
-									href: 'https://social.com/sven',
+									href: 'https://social.com/users/sven',
 								},
 							],
 						})
 					)
 				}
 
-				if (input.toString() === 'https://social.com/sven') {
+				if (input.toString() === 'https://social.com/users/sven') {
 					return new Response(
 						JSON.stringify({
-							id: 'https://social.com/sven',
+							id: 'https://social.com/users/sven',
 							inbox: 'https://social.com/sven/inbox',
 						})
 					)
@@ -156,6 +198,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			}
 
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const body = {
@@ -169,7 +212,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			})
 
 			const connectedActor = actor
-			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK)
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 			assert(deliveredNote)
@@ -183,6 +226,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 
 		test('create new status with image', async () => {
 			const db = await makeDB()
+			const queue = makeQueue()
 			const connectedActor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 
 			const properties = { url: 'foo' }
@@ -199,7 +243,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 				body: JSON.stringify(body),
 			})
 
-			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK)
+			const res = await statuses.handleRequest(req, db, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 			assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 			const data = await res.json<any>()
@@ -229,16 +273,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 				.run()
 
 			globalThis.fetch = async (input: any) => {
-				if (input === actor.id.toString()) {
-					return new Response(
-						JSON.stringify({
-							id: actor.id,
-							inbox: 'https://social.com/sven/inbox',
-						})
-					)
-				}
-
-				if (input.url === 'https://social.com/sven/inbox') {
+				if (input.url === actor.id.toString() + '/inbox') {
 					assert.equal(input.method, 'POST')
 					const body = await input.json()
 					deliveredActivity = body
@@ -392,12 +427,13 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 
 			test('reblog records in db', async () => {
 				const db = await makeDB()
+				const queue = makeQueue()
 				const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 				const note = await createPublicNote(domain, db, 'my first status', actor)
 
 				const connectedActor: any = actor
 
-				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, note.mastodonId!, connectedActor, userKEK)
+				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, note.mastodonId!, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 				assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 				const data = await res.json<any>()
@@ -411,36 +447,25 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 			test('reblog status adds in actor outbox', async () => {
 				const db = await makeDB()
 				const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
-				const originalObjectId = 'https://example.com/note123'
+				const queue = makeQueue()
 
-				await db
-					.prepare(
-						'INSERT INTO objects (id, type, properties, original_actor_id, original_object_id, mastodon_id, local) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, 0)'
-					)
-					.bind(
-						'https://example.com/object1',
-						'Note',
-						JSON.stringify({ content: 'my first status' }),
-						actor.id.toString(),
-						originalObjectId,
-						'mastodonid1'
-					)
-					.run()
+				const note = await createPublicNote(domain, db, 'my first status', actor)
 
 				const connectedActor: any = actor
 
-				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, 'mastodonid1', connectedActor, userKEK)
+				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, note.mastodonId!, connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 				assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 				const row = await db.prepare(`SELECT * FROM outbox_objects`).first()
 				assert.equal(row.actor_id, actor.id.toString())
-				assert.equal(row.object_id, 'https://example.com/object1')
+				assert.equal(row.object_id, note.id.toString())
 			})
 
 			test('reblog remote status status sends Announce activity to author', async () => {
 				let deliveredActivity: any = null
 
 				const db = await makeDB()
+				const queue = makeQueue()
 				const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
 				const originalObjectId = 'https://example.com/note123'
 
@@ -459,16 +484,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 					.run()
 
 				globalThis.fetch = async (input: any) => {
-					if (input === actor.id.toString()) {
-						return new Response(
-							JSON.stringify({
-								id: actor.id,
-								inbox: 'https://social.com/sven/inbox',
-							})
-						)
-					}
-
-					if (input.url === 'https://social.com/sven/inbox') {
+					if (input.url === 'https://cloudflare.com/ap/users/sven/inbox') {
 						assert.equal(input.method, 'POST')
 						const body = await input.json()
 						deliveredActivity = body
@@ -480,7 +496,7 @@ describe('Mastodon APIs', () => {
 
 				const connectedActor: any = actor
 
-				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, 'mastodonid1', connectedActor, userKEK)
+				const res = await statuses_reblog.handleRequest(db, 'mastodonid1', connectedActor, userKEK, queue)
 				assert.equal(res.status, 200)
 
 				assert(deliveredActivity)
diff --git a/backend/test/utils.ts b/backend/test/utils.ts
index 94cd3ce..ffec3a7 100644
--- a/backend/test/utils.ts
+++ b/backend/test/utils.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert/strict'
+import type { Queue } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import { createClient } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/client'
 import type { Client } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/client'
 import { promises as fs } from 'fs'
@@ -64,3 +65,23 @@ export async function createTestClient(
 ): Promise<Client> {
 	return createClient(db, 'test client', redirectUri, 'https://cloudflare.com', scopes)
 }
+
+type TestQueue = Queue<any> & { messages: Array<any> }
+
+export function makeQueue(): TestQueue {
+	const messages: Array<any> = []
+
+	return {
+		messages,
+
+		async send(msg: any) {
+			messages.push(msg)
+		},
+
+		async sendBatch(batch: Array<{ body: any }>) {
+			for (let i = 0, len = batch.length; i < len; i++) {
+				messages.push(batch[i].body)
+			}
+		},
+	}
+}
diff --git a/consumer/src/deliver.ts b/consumer/src/deliver.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d3a08a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/consumer/src/deliver.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import type { MessageBody, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import { getSigningKey } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/account'
+import * as actors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
+import type { Actor } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
+import type { Env } from './'
+import { generateDigestHeader } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/utils/http-signing-cavage'
+import { signRequest } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/utils/http-signing'
+
+const headers = {
+	'content-type': 'application/activity+json',
+}
+
+export async function handleDeliverMessage(env: Env, actor: Actor, message: DeliverMessageBody) {
+	const toActorId = new URL(message.toActorId)
+	const targetActor = await actors.getAndCache(toActorId, env.DATABASE)
+	if (targetActor === null) {
+		console.warn(`actor ${toActorId} not found`)
+		return
+	}
+
+	const body = JSON.stringify(message.activity)
+
+	const req = new Request(targetActor.inbox, {
+		method: 'POST',
+		body,
+		headers,
+	})
+	const digest = await generateDigestHeader(body)
+	req.headers.set('Digest', digest)
+	const signingKey = await getSigningKey(message.userKEK, env.DATABASE, actor)
+	await signRequest(req, signingKey, actor.id)
+
+	const res = await fetch(req)
+	if (!res.ok) {
+		const body = await res.text()
+		console.error(`delivery to ${targetActor.inbox} returned ${res.status}: ${body}`)
+		return
+	}
+	{
+		const body = await res.text()
+		console.log(`${targetActor.inbox} returned 200: ${body}`)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/consumer/src/inbox.ts b/consumer/src/inbox.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20ed511
--- /dev/null
+++ b/consumer/src/inbox.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import type { MessageBody, InboxMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import * as activityHandler from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities/handle'
+import * as notification from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/notification'
+import * as timeline from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/timeline'
+import type { Actor } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
+import type { Env } from './'
+
+export async function handleInboxMessage(env: Env, actor: Actor, message: InboxMessageBody) {
+	const domain = env.DOMAIN
+	const db = env.DATABASE
+	const adminEmail = env.ADMIN_EMAIL
+	const cache = env.KV_CACHE
+	const activity = message.activity
+
+	await activityHandler.handle(domain, activity, db, message.userKEK, adminEmail, message.vapidKeys)
+
+	// Assuming we received new posts or a like, pregenerate the user's timelines
+	// and notifications.
+	await Promise.all([
+		timeline.pregenerateTimelines(domain, db, cache, actor),
+		notification.pregenerateNotifications(db, cache, actor),
+	])
+}
diff --git a/consumer/src/index.ts b/consumer/src/index.ts
index 4c1bd91..b4fb5cb 100644
--- a/consumer/src/index.ts
+++ b/consumer/src/index.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-import type { MessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import type { MessageBody, InboxMessageBody, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import type { JWK } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/webpush/jwk'
 import type { Actor } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import * as actors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
-import * as timeline from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/timeline'
-import * as notification from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/notification'
-import * as activityHandler from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities/handle'
 import type { Activity } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 
-type Env = {
+import { handleInboxMessage } from './inbox'
+import { handleDeliverMessage } from './deliver'
+
+export type Env = {
 	DATABASE: D1Database
 	DOMAIN: string
 	ADMIN_EMAIL: string
@@ -17,42 +18,24 @@ type Env = {
 export default {
 	async queue(batch: MessageBatch<MessageBody>, env: Env, ctx: ExecutionContext) {
 		for (const message of batch.messages) {
-			try {
-				const actor = await actors.getPersonById(env.DATABASE, new URL(message.body.actorId))
-				if (actor === null) {
-					console.warn(`actor ${message.body.actorId} is missing`)
-					return
-				}
+			const actor = await actors.getPersonById(env.DATABASE, new URL(message.body.actorId))
+			if (actor === null) {
+				console.warn(`actor ${message.body.actorId} is missing`)
+				return
+			}
 
-				switch (message.body.type) {
-					case 'activity': {
-						await handleActivityMessage(env, actor, message.body)
-						break
-					}
-					default:
-						throw new Error('unsupported message type: ' + message.body.type)
+			switch (message.body.type) {
+				case MessageType.Inbox: {
+					await handleInboxMessage(env, actor, message.body as InboxMessageBody)
+					break
 				}
-			} catch (err: any) {
-				console.error(err.stack)
-				// TODO: add sentry
+				case MessageType.Deliver: {
+					await handleDeliverMessage(env, actor, message.body as DeliverMessageBody)
+					break
+				}
+				default:
+					throw new Error('unsupported message type: ' + message.body.type)
 			}
 		}
 	},
 }
-
-async function handleActivityMessage(env: Env, actor: Actor, message: MessageBody) {
-	const domain = env.DOMAIN
-	const db = env.DATABASE
-	const adminEmail = env.ADMIN_EMAIL
-	const cache = env.KV_CACHE
-	const activity = message.content
-
-	await activityHandler.handle(domain, activity, db, message.userKEK, adminEmail, message.vapidKeys)
-
-	// Assuming we received new posts or a like, pregenerate the user's timelines
-	// and notifications.
-	await Promise.all([
-		timeline.pregenerateTimelines(domain, db, cache, actor),
-		notification.pregenerateNotifications(db, cache, actor),
-	])
-}
diff --git a/consumer/test/consumer.spec.ts b/consumer/test/consumer.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f1106e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/consumer/test/consumer.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import { strict as assert } from 'node:assert/strict'
+import type { DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import { createPerson } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
+import { makeDB } from 'wildebeest/backend/test/utils'
+import { createPublicNote } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects/note'
+import { handleDeliverMessage } from '../src/deliver'
+
+const domain = 'cloudflare.com'
+const userKEK = 'test_kek25'
+
+describe('Consumer', () => {
+	describe('Deliver', () => {
+		test('deliver to target Actor', async () => {
+			const db = await makeDB()
+
+			let receivedActivity: any = null
+
+			globalThis.fetch = async (input: any) => {
+				if (input.toString() === 'https://example.com/users/a') {
+					return new Response(
+						JSON.stringify({
+							id: 'https://example.com/users/a',
+							type: 'Person',
+							preferredUsername: 'someone',
+							inbox: 'https://example.com/inbox',
+						})
+					)
+				}
+
+				if (input.url.toString() === 'https://example.com/inbox') {
+					assert.equal(input.method, 'POST')
+					receivedActivity = await input.json()
+					return new Response('')
+				}
+
+				throw new Error('unexpected request to ' + input.url)
+			}
+
+			const actor = await createPerson(domain, db, userKEK, 'sven@cloudflare.com')
+			const note = await createPublicNote(domain, db, 'my first status', actor)
+
+			const activity: any = {
+				type: 'Create',
+				actor: actor.id.toString(),
+				to: ['https://example.com/users/a'],
+				cc: [],
+				object: note.id,
+			}
+
+			const message: DeliverMessageBody = {
+				activity,
+				type: MessageType.Deliver,
+				actorId: actor.id.toString(),
+				toActorId: 'https://example.com/users/a',
+				userKEK: userKEK,
+			}
+
+			const env = {
+				DATABASE: db,
+			} as any
+			await handleDeliverMessage(env, actor, message)
+
+			assert(receivedActivity)
+			assert.equal(receivedActivity.type, activity.type)
+		})
+	})
+})
diff --git a/consumer/wrangler.toml b/consumer/wrangler.toml
index 4d5ffaf..24108d8 100644
--- a/consumer/wrangler.toml
+++ b/consumer/wrangler.toml
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 name = "wildebeest-consumer"
 compatibility_date = "2023-01-12"
 main = "./src/index.ts"
+usage_model = "unbound"
 
 [[queues.consumers]]
   queue = "wildebeest"
diff --git a/frontend/mock-db/init.ts b/frontend/mock-db/init.ts
index 5d5c161..31f952f 100644
--- a/frontend/mock-db/init.ts
+++ b/frontend/mock-db/init.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@ import { statuses } from 'wildebeest/frontend/src/dummyData'
 import type { Account, MastodonStatus } from 'wildebeest/frontend/src/types'
 
 const kek = 'test-kek'
+const queue = {
+	async send() {},
+	async sendBatch() {},
+}
 /**
  * Run helper commands to initialize the database with actors, statuses, etc.
  */
@@ -39,7 +43,7 @@ async function createStatus(db: D1Database, actor: Person, status: string, visib
 		headers,
 		body: JSON.stringify(body),
 	})
-	const resp = await statusesAPI.handleRequest(req, db, actor, kek)
+	const resp = await statusesAPI.handleRequest(req, db, actor, kek, queue)
 	return (await resp.json()) as MastodonStatus
 }
 
@@ -61,5 +65,5 @@ async function getOrCreatePerson(
 }
 
 async function reblogStatus(db: D1Database, actor: Person, status: MastodonStatus) {
-	await reblogAPI.handleRequest(db, status.id, actor, kek)
+	await reblogAPI.handleRequest(db, status.id, actor, kek, queue)
 }
diff --git a/functions/ap/users/[id]/inbox.ts b/functions/ap/users/[id]/inbox.ts
index ec90ba6..b84b288 100644
--- a/functions/ap/users/[id]/inbox.ts
+++ b/functions/ap/users/[id]/inbox.ts
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ import type { JWK } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/webpush/jwk'
 import * as actors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import { actorURL } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import type { Env } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/env'
-import type { MessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import type { InboxMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
+import { MessageType } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import type { Activity } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities'
 import { parseRequest } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/utils/httpsigjs/parser'
 import { fetchKey, verifySignature } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/utils/httpsigjs/verifier'
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 	db: D1Database,
 	id: string,
 	activity: Activity,
-	queue: Queue<MessageBody>,
+	queue: Queue<InboxMessageBody>,
 	userKEK: string,
 	vapidKeys: JWK
 ): Promise<Response> {
@@ -54,9 +55,9 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 	}
 
 	await queue.send({
-		type: 'activity',
+		type: MessageType.Inbox,
 		actorId: actor.id.toString(),
-		content: activity,
+		activity,
 		userKEK,
 		vapidKeys,
 	})
diff --git a/functions/api/v1/accounts/update_credentials.ts b/functions/api/v1/accounts/update_credentials.ts
index 02dcf1e..5d84980 100644
--- a/functions/api/v1/accounts/update_credentials.ts
+++ b/functions/api/v1/accounts/update_credentials.ts
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // https://docs.joinmastodon.org/methods/accounts/#update_credentials
 
+import type { Queue, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import * as errors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/errors'
-import { getSigningKey } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/account'
 import * as activities from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/activities/update'
 import * as actors from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors'
 import { deliverFollowers } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/deliver'
@@ -20,7 +20,15 @@ const headers = {
 }
 
 export const onRequest: PagesFunction<Env, any, ContextData> = async ({ request, data, env }) => {
-	return handleRequest(env.DATABASE, request, data.connectedActor, env.CF_ACCOUNT_ID, env.CF_API_TOKEN, env.userKEK)
+	return handleRequest(
+		env.DATABASE,
+		request,
+		data.connectedActor,
+		env.CF_ACCOUNT_ID,
+		env.CF_API_TOKEN,
+		env.userKEK,
+		env.QUEUE
+	)
 }
 
 export async function handleRequest(
@@ -31,7 +39,8 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 	accountId: string,
 	apiToken: string,
 
-	userKEK: string
+	userKEK: string,
+	queue: Queue<DeliverMessageBody>
 ): Promise<Response> {
 	if (!connectedActor) {
 		return new Response('', { status: 401 })
@@ -106,8 +115,7 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 
 		// send updates
 		const activity = activities.create(domain, connectedActor, actor)
-		const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
-		await deliverFollowers(db, signingKey, connectedActor, activity)
+		await deliverFollowers(db, userKEK, connectedActor, activity, queue)
 
 		return new Response(JSON.stringify(res), { headers })
 	}
diff --git a/functions/api/v1/statuses.ts b/functions/api/v1/statuses.ts
index c13b576..92c6983 100644
--- a/functions/api/v1/statuses.ts
+++ b/functions/api/v1/statuses.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // https://docs.joinmastodon.org/methods/statuses/#create
-
+import type { Queue, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import { loadLocalMastodonAccount } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/account'
 import { createPublicNote } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects/note'
 import type { Document } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/objects'
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ type StatusCreate = {
 }
 
 export const onRequest: PagesFunction<Env, any, ContextData> = async ({ request, env, data }) => {
-	return handleRequest(request, env.DATABASE, data.connectedActor, env.userKEK)
+	return handleRequest(request, env.DATABASE, data.connectedActor, env.userKEK, env.QUEUE)
 }
 
 // FIXME: add tests for delivery to followers and mentions to a specific Actor.
@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 	request: Request,
 	db: D1Database,
 	connectedActor: Person,
-	userKEK: string
+	userKEK: string,
+	queue: Queue<DeliverMessageBody>
 ): Promise<Response> {
 	// TODO: implement Idempotency-Key
 
@@ -64,28 +65,29 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 	const note = await createPublicNote(domain, db, body.status, connectedActor, mediaAttachments)
 	await addObjectInOutbox(db, connectedActor, note)
 
-	// If the status is mentioning other persons, we need to delivery it to them.
-	const mentions = getMentions(body.status)
-	for (let i = 0, len = mentions.length; i < len; i++) {
-		if (mentions[i].domain === null) {
-			// Only deliver the note for remote actors
-			continue
-		}
-		const acct = `${mentions[i].localPart}@${mentions[i].domain}`
-		const targetActor = await queryAcct(mentions[i].domain!, acct)
-		if (targetActor === null) {
-			console.warn(`actor ${acct} not found`)
-			continue
-		}
-		note.to.push(targetActor.id.toString())
-		const activity = activities.create(domain, connectedActor, note)
-		const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
-		await deliverToActor(signingKey, connectedActor, targetActor, activity)
-	}
-
 	const activity = activities.create(domain, connectedActor, note)
-	const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
-	await deliverFollowers(db, signingKey, connectedActor, activity)
+	await deliverFollowers(db, userKEK, connectedActor, activity, queue)
+
+	{
+		// If the status is mentioning other persons, we need to delivery it to them.
+		const mentions = getMentions(body.status)
+		for (let i = 0, len = mentions.length; i < len; i++) {
+			if (mentions[i].domain === null) {
+				// Only deliver the note for remote actors
+				continue
+			}
+			const acct = `${mentions[i].localPart}@${mentions[i].domain}`
+			const targetActor = await queryAcct(mentions[i].domain!, acct)
+			if (targetActor === null) {
+				console.warn(`actor ${acct} not found`)
+				continue
+			}
+			note.to.push(targetActor.id.toString())
+			const activity = activities.create(domain, connectedActor, note)
+			const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
+			await deliverToActor(signingKey, connectedActor, targetActor, activity)
+		}
+	}
 
 	const account = await loadLocalMastodonAccount(db, connectedActor)
 
diff --git a/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/favourite.ts b/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/favourite.ts
index 36f7ea8..e95752e 100644
--- a/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/favourite.ts
+++ b/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/favourite.ts
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 
 	if (obj.originalObjectId && obj.originalActorId) {
 		// Liking an external object delivers the like activity
-		const targetActor = await actors.get(obj.originalActorId)
+		const targetActor = await actors.getAndCache(new URL(obj.originalActorId), db)
 		if (!targetActor) {
 			return new Response(`target Actor ${obj.originalActorId} not found`, { status: 404 })
 		}
diff --git a/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/reblog.ts b/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/reblog.ts
index fe89945..f88ced3 100644
--- a/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/reblog.ts
+++ b/functions/api/v1/statuses/[id]/reblog.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // https://docs.joinmastodon.org/methods/statuses/#boost
-
+import type { Queue, DeliverMessageBody } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/queue'
 import type { Env } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/env'
 import { addObjectInOutbox } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/activitypub/actors/outbox'
 import { insertReblog } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/reblog'
@@ -14,14 +14,15 @@ import type { ContextData } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/types/context'
 import { toMastodonStatusFromObject } from 'wildebeest/backend/src/mastodon/status'
 
 export const onRequest: PagesFunction<Env, any, ContextData> = async ({ env, data, params }) => {
-	return handleRequest(env.DATABASE, params.id as string, data.connectedActor, env.userKEK)
+	return handleRequest(env.DATABASE, params.id as string, data.connectedActor, env.userKEK, env.QUEUE)
 }
 
 export async function handleRequest(
 	db: D1Database,
 	id: string,
 	connectedActor: Person,
-	userKEK: string
+	userKEK: string,
+	queue: Queue<DeliverMessageBody>
 ): Promise<Response> {
 	const obj = await getObjectByMastodonId(db, id)
 	if (obj === null) {
@@ -33,23 +34,22 @@ export async function handleRequest(
 		return new Response('', { status: 404 })
 	}
 
-	const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
-
 	if (obj.originalObjectId && obj.originalActorId) {
 		// Rebloggin an external object delivers the announce activity to the
 		// post author.
-		const targetActor = await actors.get(obj.originalActorId)
+		const targetActor = await actors.getAndCache(new URL(obj.originalActorId), db)
 		if (!targetActor) {
 			return new Response(`target Actor ${obj.originalActorId} not found`, { status: 404 })
 		}
 
 		const activity = announce.create(connectedActor, new URL(obj.originalObjectId))
+		const signingKey = await getSigningKey(userKEK, db, connectedActor)
 
 		await Promise.all([
 			// Delivers the announce activity to the post author.
 			deliverToActor(signingKey, connectedActor, targetActor, activity),
 			// Share reblogged by delivering the announce activity to followers
-			deliverFollowers(db, signingKey, connectedActor, activity),
+			deliverFollowers(db, userKEK, connectedActor, activity, queue),
 		])
 	}
 
diff --git a/jest.config.js b/jest.config.js
index 254b055..3e23f9f 100644
--- a/jest.config.js
+++ b/jest.config.js
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 export default {
 	preset: 'ts-jest',
 	verbose: true,
-	testMatch: ["<rootDir>/backend/test/**/(*.)+(spec|test).[jt]s?(x)"],
+	testMatch: ["<rootDir>/(backend|consumer)/test/**/(*.)+(spec|test).[jt]s?(x)"],
 	testTimeout: 30000,
 	testEnvironment: 'miniflare',
 	// Configuration is automatically loaded from `.env`, `package.json` and