kopia lustrzana https://gitlab.com/sane-project/website
243 wiersze
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243 wiersze
10 KiB
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<html><body>
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<a href="doc004.html"><img src=../icons/next.gif alt="Next"></a>
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<a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/up.gif alt="Up"></a>
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<a href="doc002.html"><img src=../icons/previous.gif alt="Previous"></a>
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<a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/contents.gif alt="Contents"></a>
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<hr>
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<title>Using SANE</title>
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<h2><a name="s2">2 Using SANE</a></h2>
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<p>To start using SANE, fetch the latest version of the distribution from
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the ftp directory:
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<center>
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<a href="ftp://ftp.mostang.com/pub/sane/"><tt>ftp://ftp.mostang.com/pub/sane/</tt></a>
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</center>
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<p>If you want to build the graphical-user-interface programs that come
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with SANE, you will also need to fetch, build and install the GIMP or,
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at a minimum, the GTK distribution. Both GIMP and GTK are available
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at <a href="ftp://ftp.gimp.org/">ftp://ftp.gimp.org/</a>. GTK
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is the user-interface toolkit that originally has been developed for
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the GIMP, but is now being adopted by many other projects, including
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SANE. Note that the SANE distribution will build just fine without
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the GIMP/GTK libraries. However, that way none of the nice
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graphical-user-interface programs will be built, thus taking away much
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of the fun. So, unless you are building SANE for a server only, I
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recommend that you install at least GTK, if not GIMP.
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<p>After fetching the SANE distribution, unpack the compressed tar file
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and follow the instructions in the README file. The README explains
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how to build and install SANE. Also, take a look at the file called
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PROBLEMS; it contains a list of known problems and their work arounds.
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<p>Note that you don't have to own a scanner or a camera to play
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with SANE. The distribution includes a pseudo-driver that simulates a
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scanner by reading portable ``anymap'' (PNM) files. Also,
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SANE is not limited to Linux. Besides Linux for Alpha, x86 and m68k,
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it includes support for AIX, Digital Unix, FreeBSD, HP-UX, IRIX,
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NetBSD, SCO, Solaris, SunOS, and even OS/2.
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<p>After installing SANE, you should be able to type the command
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<blockquote>
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<pre>
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scanimage --list-devices
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</pre>
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</blockquote>
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and get the output shown below:
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<blockquote><font size=-1>
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<pre>
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device `mustek:/dev/scanner' is a Mustek MFC-06000CZ flatbed scanner
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device `pnm:0' is a Noname PNM file reader virtual device
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device `pnm:1' is a Noname PNM file reader virtual device
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</pre>
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</font></blockquote>
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As the listing shows, in this particular case, a Mustek scanner is
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available under name <tt>mustek:/dev/scanner</tt> and two fake devices
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called <tt>pnm:0</tt> and <tt>pnm:1</tt> are available that can be used to
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read PNM files. To get list of all options for a particular device,
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for example <tt>pnm:0</tt>, simply type:
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<blockquote>
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<pre>
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scanimage --device pnm:0 --help
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</pre>
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</blockquote>
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This will produce the help message shown in Figure <a href="doc003.html#f1">1</a>.
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<p><p><a name="f1"></a>
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<blockquote>
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<font size=-1>
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<pre>
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Usage: scanimage [OPTION]...
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Start image acquisition on a scanner device and write PNM image data to
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standard output.
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-d, --device-name=DEVICE use a given scanner device
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-h, --help display this help message and exit
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-L, --list-devices show available scanner devices
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-v, --verbose give even more status messages
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-V, --version print version information
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Options specific to device `pnm':
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Source Selection:
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--filename <\<>string> [/tmp/input.ppm]
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The filename of the image to be loaded.
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Image Enhancement:
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--brightness -100...100% [0]
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Controls the brightness of the acquired image.
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--contrast -100...100% [0]
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Controls the contrast of the acquired image.
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--grayify[=(yes|no)] [no]
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Load the image as grayscale.
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--three-pass[=(yes|no)] [no]
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Simulate a three-pass scanner by returning 3 separate frames. For
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kicks, it returns green, then blue, then red.
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--hand-scanner[=(yes|no)] [no]
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Simulate a hand-scanner. Hand-scanners often do not know the image
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height a priori. Instead, they return a height of -1. Setting this
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option allows one to test whether a front end can handle this
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correctly.
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--default-enhancements
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Set default values for enhancement controls (brightness & contrast).
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</pre>
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</font></blockquote>
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<p><center>Figure 1: Scanimage Help Message For <tt>pnm:0</tt> Pseudo-Device</center>
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<p>
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<p>The SANE package comes with a detailed man page that explains the
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specifics of the <tt>scanimage</tt> program. As an example, suppose we
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had a PPM file named <tt>input.ppm</tt>. We can use the scanimage
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program to ``scan'' that image and increase its brightness by 50%
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using the following command:
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<blockquote>
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<pre>
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scanimage --device pnm --brightness 50 input.ppm > output.ppm
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</pre>
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</blockquote>
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If you look at file <tt>output.ppm</tt> with an image viewer such as xv,
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you should be able to see that <tt>output.ppm</tt> is noticeably
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brighter.
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<p><p><a name="f2"></a>
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<center>
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<img width=500 height=672 src="img000.gif">
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<p><center>Figure 2: SANE Dialog Window</center>
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</center>
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<p>
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<p><p><a name="f3"></a>
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<center>
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<img width=780 height=881 src="img001.gif">
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<p><center>Figure 3: SANE Preview Window</center>
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</center>
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<p>
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<p>You may say: cool, but where is the graphical user-interface?
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Assuming you had the GTK libraries installed when SANE was built, you
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can invoke a program called <tt>xscanimage</tt> that will present you
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with a dialog box containing a list of available devices. If you
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double-click on the ``pnm:0'' entry, you'll get the dialog shown in
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Figure <a href="doc003.html#f2">2</a>. As you can see, the dialog includes two
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text-entry boxes labeled ``Filename'' and a slider labelled
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``Brightness''. If you enter <tt>output.ppm</tt> in the first text-entry
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box and <tt>input.ppm</tt> in the second box and move the brightness
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slider to 50.0, you can press the Scan button at the bottom left and
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get the same result as with the scanimage command line shown above. Of
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course, before doing the actual scanning, you could press the Preview
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button at the bottom right to pop up a preview window (see
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Figure <a href="doc003.html#f3">3</a>). In the preview window, you can push the
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Acquire->Preview button to obtain a low-resolution preview
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of the final image. For example, by moving the brightness slider
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around, you can see how the brightness of the image is affected. After
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moving the slider, you'll need to press the Acquire Preview button to
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get an updated preview.
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<p>When scanning an image with a real scanner or camera, you'll usually
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want to enhance it in various ways, such as making it appear sharper.
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The nice thing about the xscanimage program is that it can also be run
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as a GIMP extension. To do this, simply create a symlink from the GIMP
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plug-ins directory to the xscanimage binary. Assuming the SANE
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installation defaults, you could do this with the following command:
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<blockquote>
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<pre>
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ln -s /usr/local/bin/xscanimage ~/.gimp/plug-ins
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</pre>
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</blockquote>
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<p><p><a name="f4"></a>
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<center>
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<img width=565 height=699 src="img002.gif">
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<p><center>Figure 4: Mustek Dialog Window for <tt>xscanimage</tt></center>
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</center>
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<p>
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<p>After making this link, xscanimage will attach itself to the GIMP's
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``Xtns'' menu the next time you start it. This makes it possible to
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invoke, for example, the PNM pseudo-device by selecting
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``Xtns->Acquire Image->pnm:0''. When invoked in
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this manner, pressing the Scan button will put the newly scanned image
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inside a GIMP window (instead of saving it to disk). Now, the usual
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GIMP image-manipulation functions can be used to enhance the acquired
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image before saving it.
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<p>The PNM pseudo-device may be fun, but what does a real scanner
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interface look like? Figure <a href="doc003.html#f4">4</a> shows the xscanimage
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dialog as it appears for Mustek flatbed scanners. The figure also
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demonstrates another feature of xscanimage: tool tips (also known as
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``balloon help''). Tool tips make it easier for new users to get
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acquainted with the capabilities of their scanner or camera. In the
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figure, the mouse points to the Scan Source menu and, as a result, the
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help information for that menu is shown in the yellow box below the
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mouse pointer. Tool tips are handy for new users, but after a while,
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they tend to get in your way. Thus, xscanimage allows advanced users
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to turn off the tool tips using the Preferences sub-menu.
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<p><p><a name="f5"></a>
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<center>
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<img width=780 height=546 src="img003.gif">
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<p><center>Figure 5: Mustek Dialog With Gamma Table Editor</center>
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</center>
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<p>
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<p>As you can see, the Mustek dialog looks quite different from the PNM
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pseudo-device interface. This is because the underlying devices have
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different capabilities. In fact, the device dialog depends not only on
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the selected device, but also on the mode of the device. For example,
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when turning on the ``Use custom gamma table'' option near the bottom
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of the dialog, the interface changes, and the result is shown in
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Figure <a href="doc003.html#f5">5</a>. As you can see, the right half of the dialog
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now contains a graph editor that allows the user to modify the
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intensity, red, green or blue gamma table. In other words, xscanimage
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displays precisely the options that are active or meaningful for a
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given scan mode, greatly reducing the likelihood of confusing the
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user.
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<p>Looking at the image-intensity gamma table in the right half of the
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figure, you can probably imagine that it would be rather annoying to
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define the gamma tables each time you started xscanimage. Once the
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ideal tables have been found, it would be nice if it were possible to
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save them. For this purpose, xscanimage allows saving the current
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device settings through an entry in the Preferences sub-menu. Once
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saved, whenever xscanimage is started, it automatically restores the
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last saved option values for that device.
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<p><p><hr>
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<a href="doc004.html"><img src=../icons/next.gif alt="Next"></a>
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<a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/up.gif alt="Up"></a>
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<a href="doc002.html"><img src=../icons/previous.gif alt="Previous"></a>
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<a href="doc000.html"><img src=../icons/contents.gif alt="Contents"></a>
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<hr>
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</body></html>
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