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pi_pico_neopixel/neopixel.py

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Python
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import array, time
from machine import Pin
import rp2
# PIO state machine for RGB. Pulls 24 bits (rgb -> 3 * 8bit) automatically
@rp2.asm_pio(sideset_init=rp2.PIO.OUT_LOW, out_shiftdir=rp2.PIO.SHIFT_LEFT, autopull=True, pull_thresh=24)
def ws2812():
T1 = 2
T2 = 5
T3 = 3
wrap_target()
label("bitloop")
out(x, 1) .side(0) [T3 - 1]
jmp(not_x, "do_zero") .side(1) [T1 - 1]
jmp("bitloop") .side(1) [T2 - 1]
label("do_zero")
nop() .side(0) [T2 - 1]
wrap()
# PIO state machine for RGBW. Pulls 32 bits (rgbw -> 4 * 8bit) automatically
@rp2.asm_pio(sideset_init=rp2.PIO.OUT_LOW, out_shiftdir=rp2.PIO.SHIFT_LEFT, autopull=True, pull_thresh=32)
def sk6812():
T1 = 2
T2 = 5
T3 = 3
wrap_target()
label("bitloop")
out(x, 1) .side(0) [T3 - 1]
jmp(not_x, "do_zero") .side(1) [T1 - 1]
jmp("bitloop") .side(1) [T2 - 1]
label("do_zero")
nop() .side(0) [T2 - 1]
wrap()
# we need this because Micropython can't construct slice objects directly, only by
# way of supporting slice notation.
# So, e.g. slice_maker[1::4] gives a slice(1,None,4) object.
class slice_maker_class:
def __getitem__(self, slc):
return slc
slice_maker = slice_maker_class()
# Delay here is the reset time. You need a pause to reset the LED strip back to the initial LED
# however, if you have quite a bit of processing to do before the next time you update the strip
# you could put in delay=0 (or a lower delay)
#
# Class supports different order of individual colors (GRB, RGB, WRGB, GWRB ...). In order to achieve
# this, we need to flip the indexes: in 'RGBW', 'R' is on index 0, but we need to shift it left by 3 * 8bits,
# so in it's inverse, 'WBGR', it has exactly right index. Since micropython doesn't have [::-1] and recursive rev()
# isn't too efficient we simply do that by XORing (operator ^) each index with 3 (0b11) to make this flip.
# When dealing with just 'RGB' (3 letter string), this means same but reduced by 1 after XOR!.
# Example: in 'GRBW' we want final form of 0bGGRRBBWW, meaning G with index 0 needs to be shifted 3 * 8bit ->
# 'G' on index 0: 0b00 ^ 0b11 -> 0b11 (3), just as we wanted.
# Same hold for every other index (and - 1 at the end for 3 letter strings).
class Neopixel:
# Micropython doesn't implement __slots__, but it's good to have a place
# to describe the data members...
# __slots__ = [
# 'num_leds', # number of LEDs
# 'pixels', # array.array('I') of raw data for LEDs
# 'mode', # mode 'RGB' etc
# 'W_in_mode', # bool: is 'W' in mode
# 'sm', # state machine
# 'shift', # shift amount for each component, in a tuple for (R,B,G,W)
# 'delay', # delay amount
# 'brightnessvalue', # brightness scale factor 1..255
# ]
def __init__(self, num_leds, state_machine, pin, mode="RGB", delay=0.0003):
"""
Constructor for library class
:param num_leds: number of leds on your led-strip
:param state_machine: id of PIO state machine used
:param pin: pin on which data line to led-strip is connected
:param mode: [default: "RGB"] mode and order of bits representing the color value.
This can be any order of RGB or RGBW (neopixels are usually GRB)
:param delay: [default: 0.0001] delay used for latching of leds when sending data
"""
self.pixels = array.array("I", [0] * num_leds)
self.mode = mode
self.W_in_mode = 'W' in mode
if self.W_in_mode:
# RGBW uses different PIO state machine configuration
self.sm = rp2.StateMachine(state_machine, sk6812, freq=8000000, sideset_base=Pin(pin))
# tuple of values required to shift bit into position (check class desc.)
self.shift = ((mode.index('R') ^ 3) * 8, (mode.index('G') ^ 3) * 8,
(mode.index('B') ^ 3) * 8, (mode.index('W') ^ 3) * 8)
else:
self.sm = rp2.StateMachine(state_machine, ws2812, freq=8000000, sideset_base=Pin(pin))
self.shift = (((mode.index('R') ^ 3) - 1) * 8, ((mode.index('G') ^ 3) - 1) * 8,
((mode.index('B') ^ 3) - 1) * 8, 0)
self.sm.active(1)
self.num_leds = num_leds
self.delay = delay
self.brightnessvalue = 255
def brightness(self, brightness=None):
"""
Set the overall value to adjust brightness when updating leds
or return class brightnessvalue if brightness is None
:param brightness: [default: None] Value of brightness on interval 1..255
:return: class brightnessvalue member or None
"""
if brightness is None:
return self.brightnessvalue
else:
if brightness < 1:
brightness = 1
if brightness > 255:
brightness = 255
self.brightnessvalue = brightness
def set_pixel_line_gradient(self, pixel1, pixel2, left_rgb_w, right_rgb_w, how_bright=None):
"""
Create a gradient with two RGB colors between "pixel1" and "pixel2" (inclusive)
:param pixel1: Index of starting pixel (inclusive)
:param pixel2: Index of ending pixel (inclusive)
:param left_rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing starting color
:param right_rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing ending color
:param how_bright: [default: None] Brightness of current interval. If None, use global brightness value
:return: None
"""
if pixel2 - pixel1 == 0:
return
right_pixel = max(pixel1, pixel2)
left_pixel = min(pixel1, pixel2)
with_W = len(left_rgb_w) == 4 and self.W_in_mode
r_diff = right_rgb_w[0] - left_rgb_w[0]
g_diff = right_rgb_w[1] - left_rgb_w[1]
b_diff = right_rgb_w[2] - left_rgb_w[2]
if with_W:
w_diff = (right_rgb_w[3] - left_rgb_w[3])
for i in range(right_pixel - left_pixel + 1):
fraction = i / (right_pixel - left_pixel)
red = round(r_diff * fraction + left_rgb_w[0])
green = round(g_diff * fraction + left_rgb_w[1])
blue = round(b_diff * fraction + left_rgb_w[2])
# if it's (r, g, b, w)
if with_W:
white = round(w_diff * fraction + left_rgb_w[3])
self.set_pixel(left_pixel + i, (red, green, blue, white), how_bright)
else:
self.set_pixel(left_pixel + i, (red, green, blue), how_bright)
def set_pixel_line(self, pixel1, pixel2, rgb_w, how_bright=None):
"""
Set an array of pixels starting from "pixel1" to "pixel2" (inclusive) to the desired color.
:param pixel1: Index of starting pixel (inclusive)
:param pixel2: Index of ending pixel (inclusive)
:param rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing color to be used
:param how_bright: [default: None] Brightness of current interval. If None, use global brightness value
:return: None
"""
if pixel2 >= pixel1:
self.set_pixel(slice_maker[pixel1:pixel2 + 1], rgb_w, how_bright)
def set_pixel(self, pixel_num, rgb_w, how_bright=None):
"""
Set red, green and blue (+ white) value of pixel on position <pixel_num>
pixel_num may be a 'slice' object, and then the operation is applied
to all pixels implied by the slice (most useful when called via __setitem__)
:param pixel_num: Index of pixel to be set or slice object representing multiple leds
:param rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing color to be used
:param how_bright: [default: None] Brightness of current interval. If None, use global brightness value
:return: None
"""
if how_bright is None:
how_bright = self.brightness()
sh_R, sh_G, sh_B, sh_W = self.shift
bratio = how_bright / 255.0
red = round(rgb_w[0] * bratio)
green = round(rgb_w[1] * bratio)
blue = round(rgb_w[2] * bratio)
white = 0
# if it's (r, g, b, w)
if len(rgb_w) == 4 and self.W_in_mode:
white = round(rgb_w[3] * bratio)
pix_value = white << sh_W | blue << sh_B | red << sh_R | green << sh_G
# set some subset, if pixel_num is a slice:
if type(pixel_num) is slice:
for i in range(*pixel_num.indices(self.num_leds)):
self.pixels[i] = pix_value
else:
self.pixels[pixel_num] = pix_value
def get_pixel(self, pixel_num):
"""
Get red, green, blue and white (if applicable) values of pixel on position <pixel_num>
:param pixel_num: Index of pixel to be set
:return rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing color to be used
"""
balance = self.pixels[pixel_num]
sh_R, sh_G, sh_B, sh_W = self.shift
if self.W_in_mode:
w = (balance >> sh_W) & 255
b = (balance >> sh_B) & 255
r = (balance >> sh_R) & 255
g = (balance >> sh_G) & 255
red = int(r * 255 / self.brightness() )
green = int(g * 255 / self.brightness() )
blue = int(b * 255 / self.brightness() )
if self.W_in_mode:
white = int(w * 255 / self.brightness() )
return (red,green,blue,white)
else:
return (red,green,blue)
def __setitem__(self, idx, rgb_w):
"""
if npix is a Neopixel object,
npix[10] = (0,255,0) # <- sets #10 to green
npix[15:21] = (255,0,0) # <- sets 16,17 .. 20 to red
npix[21:29:2] = (0,0,255) # <- sets 21,23,25,27 to blue
npix[1::2] = (0,0,0) # <- sets all odd pixels to 'off'
npix[:] = [(0,5,0),(0,5,0)] # <- replaces all pixels with those from the array
(the 'slice' cases pass idx as a 'slice' object, and
set_pixel processes the slice)
:param idx: Index can either be indexing number or slice
:param rgb_w: Tuple (or list of tuples) of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing color to be used
:return: None
"""
if type(rgb_w) is list:
# set some subset, if idx is a slice:
if type(idx) is slice:
for rgb_i, pixel_i in enumerate(range(*idx.indices(self.num_leds))):
self.set_pixel(pixel_i, rgb_w[rgb_i])
else:
raise ValueError("Index must be a slice when setting multiple pixels as list")
else:
self.set_pixel(idx, rgb_w)
def __len__(self):
return self.num_leds
def __getitem__(self, idx):
return self.get_pixel(idx)
def colorHSV(self, hue, sat, val):
"""
Converts HSV color to rgb tuple and returns it.
The logic is almost the same as in Adafruit NeoPixel library:
https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel so all the credits for that
go directly to them (license: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel/blob/master/COPYING)
:param hue: Hue component. Should be on interval 0..65535
:param sat: Saturation component. Should be on interval 0..255
:param val: Value component. Should be on interval 0..255
:return: (r, g, b) tuple
"""
if hue >= 65536:
hue %= 65536
hue = (hue * 1530 + 32768) // 65536
if hue < 510:
b = 0
if hue < 255:
r = 255
g = hue
else:
r = 510 - hue
g = 255
elif hue < 1020:
r = 0
if hue < 765:
g = 255
b = hue - 510
else:
g = 1020 - hue
b = 255
elif hue < 1530:
g = 0
if hue < 1275:
r = hue - 1020
b = 255
else:
r = 255
b = 1530 - hue
else:
r = 255
g = 0
b = 0
v1 = 1 + val
s1 = 1 + sat
s2 = 255 - sat
r = ((((r * s1) >> 8) + s2) * v1) >> 8
g = ((((g * s1) >> 8) + s2) * v1) >> 8
b = ((((b * s1) >> 8) + s2) * v1) >> 8
return r, g, b
def rotate_left(self, num_of_pixels=None):
"""
Rotate <num_of_pixels> pixels to the left
:param num_of_pixels: Number of pixels to be shifted to the left. If None, it shifts for 1.
:return: None
"""
if num_of_pixels is None:
num_of_pixels = 1
self.pixels = self.pixels[num_of_pixels:] + self.pixels[:num_of_pixels]
def rotate_right(self, num_of_pixels=None):
"""
Rotate <num_of_pixels> pixels to the right
:param num_of_pixels: Number of pixels to be shifted to the right. If None, it shifts for 1.
:return: None
"""
if num_of_pixels is None:
num_of_pixels = 1
num_of_pixels = -1 * num_of_pixels
self.pixels = self.pixels[num_of_pixels:] + self.pixels[:num_of_pixels]
def show(self):
"""
Send data to led-strip, making all changes on leds have an effect.
This method should be used after every method that changes the state of leds or after a chain of changes.
:return: None
"""
# If mode is RGB, we cut 8 bits of, otherwise we keep all 32
cut = 8
if self.W_in_mode:
cut = 0
self.sm.put(self.pixels, cut)
time.sleep(self.delay)
def fill(self, rgb_w, how_bright=None):
"""
Fill the entire strip with color rgb_w
:param rgb_w: Tuple of form (r, g, b) or (r, g, b, w) representing color to be used
:param how_bright: [default: None] Brightness of current interval. If None, use global brightness value
:return: None
"""
# set_pixel over all leds.
self.set_pixel(slice_maker[:], rgb_w, how_bright)
def clear(self):
"""
Clear the entire strip, i.e. set every led color to 0.
:return: None
"""
self.pixels = array.array("I", [0] * self.num_leds)
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