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@ -51,10 +51,6 @@ print(f"The {n}th Fibonacci number is: {fibonacci(n)}.")
- **Time Complexity**: O(n) for both approaches - **Time Complexity**: O(n) for both approaches
- **Space Complexity**: O(n) for the top-down approach (due to memoization), O(1) for the bottom-up approach - **Space Complexity**: O(n) for the top-down approach (due to memoization), O(1) for the bottom-up approach
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# 2. Longest Common Subsequence # 2. Longest Common Subsequence
The longest common subsequence (LCS) problem is to find the longest subsequence common to two sequences. A subsequence is a sequence that appears in the same relative order but not necessarily contiguous. The longest common subsequence (LCS) problem is to find the longest subsequence common to two sequences. A subsequence is a sequence that appears in the same relative order but not necessarily contiguous.
@ -112,10 +108,6 @@ print("Length of LCS is", longestCommonSubsequence(S1, S2, m, n))
- **Time Complexity**: O(m * n) for both approaches, where m and n are the lengths of the input sequences - **Time Complexity**: O(m * n) for both approaches, where m and n are the lengths of the input sequences
- **Space Complexity**: O(m * n) for the memoization table - **Space Complexity**: O(m * n) for the memoization table
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# 3. 0-1 Knapsack Problem # 3. 0-1 Knapsack Problem
The 0-1 knapsack problem is a classic optimization problem where the goal is to maximize the total value of items selected while keeping the total weight within a specified limit. The 0-1 knapsack problem is a classic optimization problem where the goal is to maximize the total value of items selected while keeping the total weight within a specified limit.
@ -146,6 +138,7 @@ capacity = 50
n = len(weights) n = len(weights)
print("Maximum value that can be obtained:", knapsack(weights, values, capacity, n)) print("Maximum value that can be obtained:", knapsack(weights, values, capacity, n))
``` ```
## 0-1 Knapsack Problem Code in Python (Bottom-up Approach) ## 0-1 Knapsack Problem Code in Python (Bottom-up Approach)
```python ```python
@ -170,14 +163,11 @@ capacity = 50
n = len(weights) n = len(weights)
print(knapSack(capacity, weights, values, n)) print(knapSack(capacity, weights, values, n))
``` ```
## Complexity Analysis ## Complexity Analysis
- **Time Complexity**: O(n * W) for both approaches, where n is the number of items and W is the capacity of the knapsack - **Time Complexity**: O(n * W) for both approaches, where n is the number of items and W is the capacity of the knapsack
- **Space Complexity**: O(n * W) for the memoization table - **Space Complexity**: O(n * W) for the memoization table
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# 4. Longest Increasing Subsequence # 4. Longest Increasing Subsequence
The Longest Increasing Subsequence (LIS) is a task is to find the longest subsequence that is strictly increasing, meaning each element in the subsequence is greater than the one before it. This subsequence must maintain the order of elements as they appear in the original sequence but does not need to be contiguous. The goal is to identify the subsequence with the maximum possible length. The Longest Increasing Subsequence (LIS) is a task is to find the longest subsequence that is strictly increasing, meaning each element in the subsequence is greater than the one before it. This subsequence must maintain the order of elements as they appear in the original sequence but does not need to be contiguous. The goal is to identify the subsequence with the maximum possible length.
@ -190,7 +180,6 @@ The Longest Increasing Subsequence (LIS) is a task is to find the longest subseq
## Longest Increasing Subsequence Code in Python (Top-Down Approach using Memoization) ## Longest Increasing Subsequence Code in Python (Top-Down Approach using Memoization)
```python ```python
import sys import sys
def f(idx, prev_idx, n, a, dp): def f(idx, prev_idx, n, a, dp):
@ -241,10 +230,7 @@ def lis(arr):
arr = [10, 22, 9, 33, 21, 50, 41, 60] arr = [10, 22, 9, 33, 21, 50, 41, 60]
print("Length of lis is", lis(arr)) print("Length of lis is", lis(arr))
``` ```
## Complexity Analysis ## Complexity Analysis
- **Time Complexity**: O(n * n) for both approaches, where n is the length of the array. - **Time Complexity**: O(n * n) for both approaches, where n is the length of the array.
- **Space Complexity**: O(n * n) for the memoization table in Top-Down Approach, O(n) in Bottom-Up Approach. - **Space Complexity**: O(n * n) for the memoization table in Top-Down Approach, O(n) in Bottom-Up Approach.
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