Create splitting-arrays.md

contrib/numpy/splitting-arrays.md

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+# Splitting Arrays
+
+Splitting a NumPy array refers to dividing the array into smaller sub-arrays. This can be done in various ways, along specific rows, columns, or even based on conditions applied to the elements.
+
+There are several ways to split a NumPy array in Python using different functions. Some of these methods include:
+
+- Splitting a NumPy array using `numpy.split()`
+- Splitting a NumPy array using `numpy.array_split()`
+- Splitting a NumPy array using `numpy.vsplit()`
+- Splitting a NumPy array using `numpy.hsplit()`
+- Splitting a NumPy array using `numpy.dsplit()`
+
+## NumPy split()
+
+The `numpy.split()` function divides an array into equal parts along a specified axis.
+
+**Code**
+```python
+import numpy as np
+array = np.array([1,2,3,4,5,6])
+#Splitting the array into 3 equal parts along axis=0
+result = np.split(array,3)
+print(result)
+```
+
+**Output**
+```
+[array([1, 2]), array([3, 4]), array([5, 6])]
+```
+
+## NumPy array_split()
+
+The `numpy.array_split()` function divides an array into equal or nearly equal sub-arrays. Unlike `numpy.split()`, it allows for uneven splitting, making it useful when the array cannot be evenly divided by the specified number of splits.
+
+**Code**
+```python
+import numpy as np
+array = np.array([1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8])
+#Splitting the array into 3 unequal parts along axis=0
+result = np.array_split(array,3)
+print(result)
+```
+
+**Output**
+```
+[array([1, 2, 3]), array([4, 5, 6]), array([7, 8])]
+```
+
+## NumPy vsplit()
+
+The `numpy.vsplit()`, which is vertical splitting (row-wise), divides an array along the vertical axis (axis=0).
+
+**Code**
+```python
+import numpy as np
+array = np.array([[1, 2, 3],
+                  [4, 5, 6],
+                  [7, 8, 9],
+                  [10, 11, 12]])
+#Vertically Splitting the array into 2 subarrays along axis=0
+result = np.vsplit(array,2)
+print(result)
+```
+
+**Output**
+```
+[array([[1, 2, 3],
+       [4, 5, 6]]), array([[ 7,  8,  9],
+       [10, 11, 12]])]
+```
+
+
+## NumPy hsplit()
+
+The `numpy.hsplit()`, which is horizontal splitting (column-wise), divides an array along the horizontal axis (axis=1).
+
+**Code**
+```python
+import numpy as np
+array = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4],
+                  [5, 7, 8, 9],
+                  [11,12,13,14]])
+#Horizontally Splitting the array into 4 subarrays along axis=1
+result = np.hsplit(array,4)
+print(result)
+```
+
+**Output**
+```
+[array([[ 1],
+       [ 5],
+       [11]]), array([[ 2],
+       [ 7],
+       [12]]), array([[ 3],
+       [ 8],
+       [13]]), array([[ 4],
+       [ 9],
+       [14]])]
+```
+
+## NumPy dsplit()
+
+The`numpy.dsplit()` is employed for splitting arrays along the third axis (axis=2), which is applicable for 3D arrays and beyond.
+
+**Code**
+```python
+import numpy as np
+#3D array
+array = np.array([[[ 1, 2, 3, 4,],
+                   [ 5, 6, 7, 8,],
+                   [ 9, 10, 11, 12]],
+                   [[13, 14, 15, 16,],
+                   [17, 18, 19, 20,],
+                   [21, 22, 23, 24]]])
+#Splitting the array along axis=2
+result = np.dsplit(array,2)
+print(result)
+```
+
+**Output**
+```
+[array([[[ 1,  2],
+        [ 5,  6],
+        [ 9, 10]],
+
+       [[13, 14],
+        [17, 18],
+        [21, 22]]]), array([[[ 3,  4],
+        [ 7,  8],
+        [11, 12]],
+
+       [[15, 16],
+        [19, 20],
+        [23, 24]]])]
+```