Update ESP32cam-demo.ino

ESP32cam-demo.ino

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@
 *     esp32cam-demo is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
 *        implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
 *
+*                                                                                 https://alanesq.github.io/
 *
 *******************************************************************************************************************/
 
@@ -47,46 +48,46 @@
 
 //         Enter your Wifi Settings here
 
-  #define SSID_NAME "<your wifi ssid here>"
-  #define SSID_PASWORD "<your wifi password here>"
+  #define SSID_NAME "<wifi name>"
+  #define SSID_PASWORD "<wifi password>"
 
 
 //   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-/*
     // Required by PlatformIO
 
     #include <Arduino.h>
 
     // forward declarations
-      bool initialiseCamera();
+      bool initialiseCamera(int);
       bool cameraImageSettings();
       String localTime();
-      void flashLED(int reps);
+      void flashLED(int);
       byte storeImage();
       void handleRoot();
       void handlePhoto();
       bool handleImg();
       void handleNotFound();
       void readRGBImage();
-      bool getNTPtime(int sec);
+      bool getNTPtime(int);
       bool handleJPG(); 
-      bool handleJpeg();
+      void handleJpeg();
       void handleStream();
       int requestWebPage(String*, String*, int);
       void handleTest();
-      void brightLed(byte ledBrightness);
+      void brightLed(byte);
       void setupFlashPWM();
       void changeResolution(framesize_t);
       void handleData();
-*/
+      void readGreyscaleImage();
+
 
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 //                           -SETTINGS
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 
  char* stitle = "ESP32Cam-demo";                        // title of this sketch
- char* sversion = "28Jul23";                            // Sketch version
+ char* sversion = "14oct23";                            // Sketch version
 
  bool sendRGBfile = 0;                                  // if set '/rgb' will just return raw rgb data which can be saved as a file rather than display a HTML pag
 
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@
 
  const bool serialDebug = 1;                            // show debug info. on serial port (1=enabled, disable if using pins 1 and 3 as gpio)
 
- #define useMCP23017 0                                  // if MCP23017 IO expander chip is being used (on pins 12 and 13)
+ #define useMCP23017 0                                  // set if MCP23017 IO expander chip is being used (on pins 12 and 13)
 
  // Camera related
    bool flashRequired = 1;                              // If flash to be used when capturing image (1 = yes)
@@ -104,7 +105,6 @@
                                                         //               160x120 (QQVGA), 128x160 (QQVGA2), 176x144 (QCIF), 240x176 (HQVGA),
                                                         //               320x240 (QVGA), 400x296 (CIF), 640x480 (VGA, default), 800x600 (SVGA),
                                                         //               1024x768 (XGA), 1280x1024 (SXGA), 1600x1200 (UXGA)
-   #define PIXFORMAT PIXFORMAT_JPEG;                    // image format, Options =  YUV422, GRAYSCALE, RGB565, JPEG, RGB888
    int cameraImageExposure = 0;                         // Camera exposure (0 - 1200)   If gain and exposure both set to zero then auto adjust is enabled
    int cameraImageGain = 0;                             // Image gain (0 - 30)
    int cameraImageBrightness = 0;                       // Image brightness (-2 to +2)
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@
 
 // ******************************************************************************************************************
 
+
 //#include "esp_camera.h"         // https://github.com/espressif/esp32-camera
 // #include "camera_pins.h"
 #include <WString.h>            // this is required for base64.h otherwise get errors with esp32 core 1.0.6 - jan23
@@ -199,9 +200,6 @@ WebServer server(80);           // serve web pages on port 80
  String ImageResDetails = "Unknown";       // image resolution info
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
 //    -SETUP     SETUP     SETUP     SETUP     SETUP     SETUP
 // ---------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -254,6 +252,7 @@ void setup() {
    server.on("/photo", handlePhoto);             // save image to sd card
    server.on("/img", handleImg);                 // show image from sd card
    server.on("/rgb", readRGBImage);              // demo converting image to RGB
+   server.on("/greydata", readGreyscaleImage);   // look at greyscale image data
    server.on("/test", handleTest);               // Testing procedure
    server.on("/reboot", handleReboot);           // restart device
    server.onNotFound(handleNotFound);            // invalid url requested
@@ -270,7 +269,7 @@ void setup() {
 
  // set up camera
      if (serialDebug) Serial.print(("\nInitialising camera: "));
-     if (initialiseCamera()) {
+     if (initialiseCamera(0)) {
        if (serialDebug) Serial.println("OK");
      }
      else {
@@ -362,9 +361,6 @@ setupFlashPWM();    // configure PWM for the illumination LED
 }  // setup
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //   -LOOP     LOOP     LOOP     LOOP     LOOP     LOOP     LOOP
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -403,16 +399,14 @@ void loop() {
 }  // loop
 
 
-
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //                        Initialise the camera
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 // returns TRUE if successful
+// custom: 
+//            1 = greyscale image format (defailt is JPG)
 
-bool initialiseCamera() {
+bool initialiseCamera(int custom = 0) {
 
    camera_config_t config;
    config.ledc_channel = LEDC_CHANNEL_0;
@@ -434,12 +428,15 @@ bool initialiseCamera() {
    config.pin_pwdn = PWDN_GPIO_NUM;
    config.pin_reset = RESET_GPIO_NUM;
    config.xclk_freq_hz = 20000000;               // XCLK 20MHz or 10MHz for OV2640 double FPS (Experimental)
-   config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT;              // Options =  YUV422, GRAYSCALE, RGB565, JPEG, RGB888
-   config.frame_size = FRAME_SIZE_IMAGE;         // Image sizes: 160x120 (QQVGA), 128x160 (QQVGA2), 176x144 (QCIF), 240x176 (HQVGA), 320x240 (QVGA),
-                                                 //              400x296 (CIF), 640x480 (VGA, default), 800x600 (SVGA), 1024x768 (XGA), 1280x1024 (SXGA),
-                                                 //              1600x1200 (UXGA)
-   config.jpeg_quality = 12;                     // 0-63 lower number means higher quality (can cause failed image capture if set too low at higher resolutions)
-   config.fb_count = 1;                          // if more than one, i2s runs in continuous mode. Use only with JPEG
+   // image format 
+    if (custom == 1) config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_GRAYSCALE;        // greyscale format
+    else config.pixel_format = PIXFORMAT_JPEG;                         // colour jpg format
+  // image size
+    config.frame_size = FRAME_SIZE_IMAGE;         // Image sizes: 160x120 (QQVGA), 128x160 (QQVGA2), 176x144 (QCIF), 240x176 (HQVGA), 320x240 (QVGA),
+                                                  //              400x296 (CIF), 640x480 (VGA, default), 800x600 (SVGA), 1024x768 (XGA), 1280x1024 (SXGA),
+                                                  //              1600x1200 (UXGA)
+   config.jpeg_quality = 12;                      // 0-63 lower number means higher quality (can cause failed image capture if set too low at higher resolutions)
+   config.fb_count = 1;                           // if more than one, i2s runs in continuous mode. Use only with JPEG
 
    // check the esp32cam board has a psram chip installed (extra memory used for storing captured images)
    //    Note: if not using "AI thinker esp32 cam" in the Arduino IDE, SPIFFS must be enabled
@@ -458,15 +455,12 @@ bool initialiseCamera() {
      if (serialDebug) Serial.printf("ERROR: Camera init failed with error 0x%x", camerr);
    }
 
-   cameraImageSettings();                        // apply custom camera settings
+   cameraImageSettings();                        // apply custom camera image settings
 
    return (camerr == ESP_OK);                    // return boolean result of camera initialisation
 }
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //                   -Change camera image settings
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -537,12 +531,6 @@ bool cameraImageSettings() {
 //    s->set_wpc(s, 0);                             // white pixel correction
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
-//                          Misc small procedures
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //       set up PWM for the illumination LED (flash)
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -662,12 +650,12 @@ void resetCamera(bool type = 0) {
       delay(300);
       digitalWrite(PWDN_GPIO_NUM, LOW);
       delay(300);
-      initialiseCamera();
+      initialiseCamera(0);
     } else {
     // reset via software (handy if you wish to change resolution or image type etc. - see test procedure)
       esp_camera_deinit();
       delay(50);
-      initialiseCamera();
+      initialiseCamera(0);
     }
 }
 
@@ -687,15 +675,13 @@ void changeResolution(framesize_t tRes = FRAMESIZE_96X96) {
     else tRes = FRAMESIZE_QVGA;
   }
   FRAME_SIZE_IMAGE = tRes;
-  initialiseCamera();
+
+  initialiseCamera(0);
   if (serialDebug) Serial.println("Camera resolution changed to " + String(tRes));
   ImageResDetails = "Unknown";   // set next time image captured
 }
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //     Capture image from camera and save to spiffs or sd card
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -745,6 +731,7 @@ byte storeImage() {
          if (serialDebug) Serial.println("Error: failed to write image data to spiffs file");
        }
      }
+     esp_camera_fb_return(fb);                               // return camera frame buffer
      if (sRes == 1 && serialDebug) {
        Serial.print("The picture has been saved to Spiffs as " + spiffsFilename);
        Serial.print(" - Size: ");
@@ -781,9 +768,6 @@ byte storeImage() {
 } // storeImage
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //            -Action any user input on root web page
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1051,9 +1035,6 @@ void handleData(){
 }
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //    -photo save to sd card/spiffs    i.e. http://x.x.x.x/photo
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1170,9 +1151,6 @@ bool handleImg() {
 }  // handleImg
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //                      -invalid web page requested
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1203,9 +1181,6 @@ void handleNotFound() {
 }  // handleNotFound
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //      -access image data as RGB - i.e. http://x.x.x.x/rgb
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1353,10 +1328,6 @@ void readRGBImage() {
 }  // readRGBImage
 
 
-
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //                      -get time from ntp server
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1421,12 +1392,11 @@ bool handleJPG() {
     // send the captured jpg data
       client.write((char *)fb->buf, fb->len);
 
-    // close client connection
+    // close network client connection
       delay(3);
       client.stop();
 
-    // return image frame so memory can be released
-      esp_camera_fb_return(fb);
+    esp_camera_fb_return(fb);                 // return camera frame buffer
 
     return 1;
 
@@ -1475,7 +1445,7 @@ void handleStream(){
        client.write(buf, strlen(buf));             // send result (image size)
        client.write((char *)fb->buf, fb->len);     // send the image data
        client.write(BOUNDARY, bdrLen);             // send html boundary      see https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTTP/Headers/Content-Type
-       esp_camera_fb_return(fb);                   // return image buffer so memory can be released
+       esp_camera_fb_return(fb);                  // return camera frame buffer
    }
  }
 
@@ -1487,9 +1457,6 @@ void handleStream(){
 }  // handleStream
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //                        request a web page
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1526,9 +1493,6 @@ int requestWebPage(String* page, String* received, int maxWaitTime=5000){
 }  // requestWebPage
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
-
-
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
 //       -show refreshing image    i.e. http://x.x.x.x/jpeg
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1567,11 +1531,72 @@ void handleJpeg() {
 
 
   sendFooter(client);     // close web page
-
 }  // handleJpeg
 
 
-// ******************************************************************************************************************
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------
+//                  Capture greyscale image data
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+void readGreyscaleImage() {
+
+  WiFiClient client = server.client();                 // open link with client
+
+  // change camera to greyscale mode  (as by default it is in JPG colour mode)
+    esp_camera_deinit();     // disable camera
+    delay(50);
+    initialiseCamera(1);      // restart the camera with greyscale custom setting (1)
+
+  // capture the image and use flash if required
+    int currentBrightness = brightLEDbrightness;
+    if (flashRequired) {
+        brightLed(255);   // change LED brightness (0 - 255)
+        delay(100);
+    }
+    camera_fb_t *fb = esp_camera_fb_get();       // capture image
+    if (flashRequired){
+        delay(100);
+        brightLed(currentBrightness);            // change LED brightness back to previous state
+    }
+    if (!fb) client.println("Error: Camera image capture failed");
+
+  // read image data and calculate average pixel value (as demonstration of reading the image data)
+    unsigned long dataSize = fb->width * fb->height;
+    unsigned long avrg = 0;
+    for (int i=0; i < dataSize; i++) {     // Note: pixels x position = i % fb->width    y position = floor(i / fb->width)    
+      avrg += fb->buf[i];
+    }
+    client.println("<br>Greyscale Image: Average pixel = " + String(avrg / dataSize));
+    
+  // close network client connection
+    delay(3);
+    client.stop();
+    
+  // return image frame to free up memory
+    esp_camera_fb_return(fb);                 // return camera frame buffer
+
+  // change camera back to JPG mode
+    esp_camera_deinit();  
+    delay(50);
+    initialiseCamera(0);    // default settings (0)
+  }
+
+
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------
+//   -reboot web page requested        i.e. http://x.x.x.x/reboot
+// ----------------------------------------------------------------
+// note: this can fail if the esp has just been reflashed and not restarted
+
+void handleReboot(){
+
+      String message = "Rebooting....";
+      server.send(200, "text/plain", message);   // send reply as plain text
+
+      // rebooting
+        delay(500);          // give time to send the above html
+        ESP.restart();
+        delay(5000);         // restart fails without this delay
+}
 
 
 // ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -1666,23 +1691,5 @@ void handleTest() {
 }  // handleTest
 
 
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------
-//   -reboot web page requested        i.e. http://x.x.x.x/reboot
-// ----------------------------------------------------------------
-// note: this can fail if the esp has just been reflashed and not restarted
-
-void handleReboot(){
-
-      String message = "Rebooting....";
-      server.send(200, "text/plain", message);   // send reply as plain text
-
-      // rebooting
-        delay(500);          // give time to send the above html
-        ESP.restart();
-        delay(5000);         // restart fails without this delay
-
-}
-
-
 // ******************************************************************************************************************
 // end

README.md

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ URLs:
 <br>http://x.x.x.x/stream        Show live streaming video
 <br>http://x.x.x.x/img           Show most recent image saved to sd card
 <br>http://x.x.x.x/img?img=1     Show image number 1 on sd card
+<br>http://x.x.x.x/rgb           Show how to capture a greyscale image and look at the raw data
 <br>http://x.x.x.x/rgb           Captures an image and converts to RGB data (will not work with the highest 
                                  resolution images as there is not enough memory)