diff --git a/bin-arch.sh b/bin-arch.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..051706a --- /dev/null +++ b/bin-arch.sh @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +tar cvzf esp32-ogn-tracker-bin.tgz flash_USB?.sh esptool.py build/partitions.bin build/bootloader/bootloader.bin build/app-template.bin diff --git a/esptool.py b/esptool.py new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e3810dc --- /dev/null +++ b/esptool.py @@ -0,0 +1,3065 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python +# +# ESP8266 & ESP32 ROM Bootloader Utility +# Copyright (C) 2014-2016 Fredrik Ahlberg, Angus Gratton, Espressif Systems (Shanghai) PTE LTD, other contributors as noted. +# https://github.com/espressif/esptool +# +# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under +# the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software +# Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. +# +# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT +# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS +# FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. +# +# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with +# this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin +# Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. + +from __future__ import division, print_function + +import argparse +import base64 +import binascii +import copy +import hashlib +import inspect +import io +import os +import shlex +import struct +import sys +import time +import zlib +import string + +try: + import serial +except ImportError: + print("Pyserial is not installed for %s. Check the README for installation instructions." % (sys.executable)) + raise + +# check 'serial' is 'pyserial' and not 'serial' https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/269 +try: + if "serialization" in serial.__doc__ and "deserialization" in serial.__doc__: + raise ImportError(""" +esptool.py depends on pyserial, but there is a conflict with a currently installed package named 'serial'. + +You may be able to work around this by 'pip uninstall serial; pip install pyserial' \ +but this may break other installed Python software that depends on 'serial'. + +There is no good fix for this right now, apart from configuring virtualenvs. \ +See https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/269#issuecomment-385298196 for discussion of the underlying issue(s).""") +except TypeError: + pass # __doc__ returns None for pyserial + +try: + import serial.tools.list_ports as list_ports +except ImportError: + print("The installed version (%s) of pyserial appears to be too old for esptool.py (Python interpreter %s). " + "Check the README for installation instructions." % (sys.VERSION, sys.executable)) + raise + +__version__ = "2.7-dev" + +MAX_UINT32 = 0xffffffff +MAX_UINT24 = 0xffffff + +DEFAULT_TIMEOUT = 3 # timeout for most flash operations +START_FLASH_TIMEOUT = 20 # timeout for starting flash (may perform erase) +CHIP_ERASE_TIMEOUT = 120 # timeout for full chip erase +MAX_TIMEOUT = CHIP_ERASE_TIMEOUT * 2 # longest any command can run +SYNC_TIMEOUT = 0.1 # timeout for syncing with bootloader +MD5_TIMEOUT_PER_MB = 8 # timeout (per megabyte) for calculating md5sum +ERASE_REGION_TIMEOUT_PER_MB = 30 # timeout (per megabyte) for erasing a region +MEM_END_ROM_TIMEOUT = 0.05 # special short timeout for ESP_MEM_END, as it may never respond +DEFAULT_SERIAL_WRITE_TIMEOUT = 10 # timeout for serial port write + + +def timeout_per_mb(seconds_per_mb, size_bytes): + """ Scales timeouts which are size-specific """ + result = seconds_per_mb * (size_bytes / 1e6) + if result < DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: + return DEFAULT_TIMEOUT + return result + + +DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES = {0x12: '256KB', 0x13: '512KB', 0x14: '1MB', + 0x15: '2MB', 0x16: '4MB', 0x17: '8MB', 0x18: '16MB'} + + +def check_supported_function(func, check_func): + """ + Decorator implementation that wraps a check around an ESPLoader + bootloader function to check if it's supported. + + This is used to capture the multidimensional differences in + functionality between the ESP8266 & ESP32 ROM loaders, and the + software stub that runs on both. Not possible to do this cleanly + via inheritance alone. + """ + def inner(*args, **kwargs): + obj = args[0] + if check_func(obj): + return func(*args, **kwargs) + else: + raise NotImplementedInROMError(obj, func) + return inner + + +def stub_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported in the software stub loader """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.IS_STUB) + + +def stub_and_esp32_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported by software stubs or ESP32 ROM """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.IS_STUB or o.CHIP_NAME == "ESP32") + + +PYTHON2 = sys.version_info[0] < 3 # True if on pre-Python 3 + +# Function to return nth byte of a bitstring +# Different behaviour on Python 2 vs 3 +if PYTHON2: + def byte(bitstr, index): + return ord(bitstr[index]) +else: + def byte(bitstr, index): + return bitstr[index] + +# Provide a 'basestring' class on Python 3 +try: + basestring +except NameError: + basestring = str + + +def esp8266_function_only(func): + """ Attribute for a function only supported on ESP8266 """ + return check_supported_function(func, lambda o: o.CHIP_NAME == "ESP8266") + + +class ESPLoader(object): + """ Base class providing access to ESP ROM & software stub bootloaders. + Subclasses provide ESP8266 & ESP32 specific functionality. + + Don't instantiate this base class directly, either instantiate a subclass or + call ESPLoader.detect_chip() which will interrogate the chip and return the + appropriate subclass instance. + + """ + CHIP_NAME = "Espressif device" + IS_STUB = False + + DEFAULT_PORT = "/dev/ttyUSB0" + + # Commands supported by ESP8266 ROM bootloader + ESP_FLASH_BEGIN = 0x02 + ESP_FLASH_DATA = 0x03 + ESP_FLASH_END = 0x04 + ESP_MEM_BEGIN = 0x05 + ESP_MEM_END = 0x06 + ESP_MEM_DATA = 0x07 + ESP_SYNC = 0x08 + ESP_WRITE_REG = 0x09 + ESP_READ_REG = 0x0a + + # Some comands supported by ESP32 ROM bootloader (or -8266 w/ stub) + ESP_SPI_SET_PARAMS = 0x0B + ESP_SPI_ATTACH = 0x0D + ESP_CHANGE_BAUDRATE = 0x0F + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_BEGIN = 0x10 + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_DATA = 0x11 + ESP_FLASH_DEFL_END = 0x12 + ESP_SPI_FLASH_MD5 = 0x13 + + # Some commands supported by stub only + ESP_ERASE_FLASH = 0xD0 + ESP_ERASE_REGION = 0xD1 + ESP_READ_FLASH = 0xD2 + ESP_RUN_USER_CODE = 0xD3 + + # Flash encryption debug more command + ESP_FLASH_ENCRYPT_DATA = 0xD4 + + # Maximum block sized for RAM and Flash writes, respectively. + ESP_RAM_BLOCK = 0x1800 + + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x400 + + # Default baudrate. The ROM auto-bauds, so we can use more or less whatever we want. + ESP_ROM_BAUD = 115200 + + # First byte of the application image + ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC = 0xe9 + + # Initial state for the checksum routine + ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC = 0xef + + # Flash sector size, minimum unit of erase. + FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE = 0x1000 + + UART_DATA_REG_ADDR = 0x60000078 + + # Memory addresses + IROM_MAP_START = 0x40200000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x40300000 + + # The number of bytes in the UART response that signify command status + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 + + def __init__(self, port=DEFAULT_PORT, baud=ESP_ROM_BAUD, trace_enabled=False): + """Base constructor for ESPLoader bootloader interaction + + Don't call this constructor, either instantiate ESP8266ROM + or ESP32ROM, or use ESPLoader.detect_chip(). + + This base class has all of the instance methods for bootloader + functionality supported across various chips & stub + loaders. Subclasses replace the functions they don't support + with ones which throw NotImplementedInROMError(). + + """ + if isinstance(port, basestring): + self._port = serial.serial_for_url(port) + else: + self._port = port + self._slip_reader = slip_reader(self._port, self.trace) + # setting baud rate in a separate step is a workaround for + # CH341 driver on some Linux versions (this opens at 9600 then + # sets), shouldn't matter for other platforms/drivers. See + # https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/44#issuecomment-107094446 + self._set_port_baudrate(baud) + self._trace_enabled = trace_enabled + # set write timeout, to prevent esptool blocked at write forever. + try: + self._port.write_timeout = DEFAULT_SERIAL_WRITE_TIMEOUT + except NotImplementedError: + # no write timeout for RFC2217 ports + # need to set the property back to None or it will continue to fail + self._port.write_timeout = None + + def _set_port_baudrate(self, baud): + try: + self._port.baudrate = baud + except IOError: + raise FatalError("Failed to set baud rate %d. The driver may not support this rate." % baud) + + @staticmethod + def detect_chip(port=DEFAULT_PORT, baud=ESP_ROM_BAUD, connect_mode='default_reset', trace_enabled=False): + """ Use serial access to detect the chip type. + + We use the UART's datecode register for this, it's mapped at + the same address on ESP8266 & ESP32 so we can use one + memory read and compare to the datecode register for each chip + type. + + This routine automatically performs ESPLoader.connect() (passing + connect_mode parameter) as part of querying the chip. + """ + detect_port = ESPLoader(port, baud, trace_enabled=trace_enabled) + detect_port.connect(connect_mode) + try: + print('Detecting chip type...', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + date_reg = detect_port.read_reg(ESPLoader.UART_DATA_REG_ADDR) + + for cls in [ESP8266ROM, ESP32ROM]: + if date_reg == cls.DATE_REG_VALUE: + # don't connect a second time + inst = cls(detect_port._port, baud, trace_enabled=trace_enabled) + print(' %s' % inst.CHIP_NAME, end='') + return inst + finally: + print('') # end line + raise FatalError("Unexpected UART datecode value 0x%08x. Failed to autodetect chip type." % date_reg) + + """ Read a SLIP packet from the serial port """ + def read(self): + return next(self._slip_reader) + + """ Write bytes to the serial port while performing SLIP escaping """ + def write(self, packet): + buf = b'\xc0' \ + + (packet.replace(b'\xdb',b'\xdb\xdd').replace(b'\xc0',b'\xdb\xdc')) \ + + b'\xc0' + self.trace("Write %d bytes: %s", len(buf), HexFormatter(buf)) + self._port.write(buf) + + def trace(self, message, *format_args): + if self._trace_enabled: + now = time.time() + try: + + delta = now - self._last_trace + except AttributeError: + delta = 0.0 + self._last_trace = now + prefix = "TRACE +%.3f " % delta + print(prefix + (message % format_args)) + + """ Calculate checksum of a blob, as it is defined by the ROM """ + @staticmethod + def checksum(data, state=ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC): + for b in data: + if type(b) is int: # python 2/3 compat + state ^= b + else: + state ^= ord(b) + + return state + + """ Send a request and read the response """ + def command(self, op=None, data=b"", chk=0, wait_response=True, timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT): + saved_timeout = self._port.timeout + new_timeout = min(timeout, MAX_TIMEOUT) + if new_timeout != saved_timeout: + self._port.timeout = new_timeout + + try: + if op is not None: + self.trace("command op=0x%02x data len=%s wait_response=%d timeout=%.3f data=%s", + op, len(data), 1 if wait_response else 0, timeout, HexFormatter(data)) + pkt = struct.pack(b' self.STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH: + return data[:-self.STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH] + else: # otherwise, just return the 'val' field which comes from the reply header (this is used by read_reg) + return val + + def flush_input(self): + self._port.flushInput() + self._slip_reader = slip_reader(self._port, self.trace) + + def sync(self): + self.command(self.ESP_SYNC, b'\x07\x07\x12\x20' + 32 * b'\x55', + timeout=SYNC_TIMEOUT) + for i in range(7): + self.command() + + def _setDTR(self, state): + self._port.setDTR(state) + + def _setRTS(self, state): + self._port.setRTS(state) + # Work-around for adapters on Windows using the usbser.sys driver: + # generate a dummy change to DTR so that the set-control-line-state + # request is sent with the updated RTS state and the same DTR state + self._port.setDTR(self._port.dtr) + + def _connect_attempt(self, mode='default_reset', esp32r0_delay=False): + """ A single connection attempt, with esp32r0 workaround options """ + # esp32r0_delay is a workaround for bugs with the most common auto reset + # circuit and Windows, if the EN pin on the dev board does not have + # enough capacitance. + # + # Newer dev boards shouldn't have this problem (higher value capacitor + # on the EN pin), and ESP32 revision 1 can't use this workaround as it + # relies on a silicon bug. + # + # Details: https://github.com/espressif/esptool/issues/136 + last_error = None + + # If we're doing no_sync, we're likely communicating as a pass through + # with an intermediate device to the ESP32 + if mode == "no_reset_no_sync": + return last_error + + # issue reset-to-bootloader: + # RTS = either CH_PD/EN or nRESET (both active low = chip in reset + # DTR = GPIO0 (active low = boot to flasher) + # + # DTR & RTS are active low signals, + # ie True = pin @ 0V, False = pin @ VCC. + if mode != 'no_reset': + self._setDTR(False) # IO0=HIGH + self._setRTS(True) # EN=LOW, chip in reset + time.sleep(0.1) + if esp32r0_delay: + # Some chips are more likely to trigger the esp32r0 + # watchdog reset silicon bug if they're held with EN=LOW + # for a longer period + time.sleep(1.2) + self._setDTR(True) # IO0=LOW + self._setRTS(False) # EN=HIGH, chip out of reset + if esp32r0_delay: + # Sleep longer after reset. + # This workaround only works on revision 0 ESP32 chips, + # it exploits a silicon bug spurious watchdog reset. + time.sleep(0.4) # allow watchdog reset to occur + time.sleep(0.05) + self._setDTR(False) # IO0=HIGH, done + + for _ in range(5): + try: + self.flush_input() + self._port.flushOutput() + self.sync() + return None + except FatalError as e: + if esp32r0_delay: + print('_', end='') + else: + print('.', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + time.sleep(0.05) + last_error = e + return last_error + + def connect(self, mode='default_reset'): + """ Try connecting repeatedly until successful, or giving up """ + print('Connecting...', end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + last_error = None + + try: + for _ in range(7): + last_error = self._connect_attempt(mode=mode, esp32r0_delay=False) + if last_error is None: + return + last_error = self._connect_attempt(mode=mode, esp32r0_delay=True) + if last_error is None: + return + finally: + print('') # end 'Connecting...' line + raise FatalError('Failed to connect to %s: %s' % (self.CHIP_NAME, last_error)) + + """ Read memory address in target """ + def read_reg(self, addr): + # we don't call check_command here because read_reg() function is called + # when detecting chip type, and the way we check for success (STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH) is different + # for different chip types (!) + val, data = self.command(self.ESP_READ_REG, struct.pack(' start: + raise FatalError(("Software loader is resident at 0x%08x-0x%08x. " + + "Can't load binary at overlapping address range 0x%08x-0x%08x. " + + "Either change binary loading address, or use the --no-stub " + + "option to disable the software loader.") % (start, end, load_start, load_end)) + + return self.check_command("enter RAM download mode", self.ESP_MEM_BEGIN, + struct.pack(' length: + raise FatalError('Read more than expected') + + digest_frame = self.read() + if len(digest_frame) != 16: + raise FatalError('Expected digest, got: %s' % hexify(digest_frame)) + expected_digest = hexify(digest_frame).upper() + digest = hashlib.md5(data).hexdigest().upper() + if digest != expected_digest: + raise FatalError('Digest mismatch: expected %s, got %s' % (expected_digest, digest)) + return data + + def flash_spi_attach(self, hspi_arg): + """Send SPI attach command to enable the SPI flash pins + + ESP8266 ROM does this when you send flash_begin, ESP32 ROM + has it as a SPI command. + """ + # last 3 bytes in ESP_SPI_ATTACH argument are reserved values + arg = struct.pack(' 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_MOSI_DLEN_REG, mosi_bits - 1) + if miso_bits > 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_MISO_DLEN_REG, miso_bits - 1) + else: + + def set_data_lengths(mosi_bits, miso_bits): + SPI_DATA_LEN_REG = SPI_USR1_REG + SPI_MOSI_BITLEN_S = 17 + SPI_MISO_BITLEN_S = 8 + mosi_mask = 0 if (mosi_bits == 0) else (mosi_bits - 1) + miso_mask = 0 if (miso_bits == 0) else (miso_bits - 1) + self.write_reg(SPI_DATA_LEN_REG, + (miso_mask << SPI_MISO_BITLEN_S) | ( + mosi_mask << SPI_MOSI_BITLEN_S)) + + # SPI peripheral "command" bitmasks for SPI_CMD_REG + SPI_CMD_USR = (1 << 18) + + # shift values + SPI_USR2_DLEN_SHIFT = 28 + + if read_bits > 32: + raise FatalError("Reading more than 32 bits back from a SPI flash operation is unsupported") + if len(data) > 64: + raise FatalError("Writing more than 64 bytes of data with one SPI command is unsupported") + + data_bits = len(data) * 8 + old_spi_usr = self.read_reg(SPI_USR_REG) + old_spi_usr2 = self.read_reg(SPI_USR2_REG) + flags = SPI_USR_COMMAND + if read_bits > 0: + flags |= SPI_USR_MISO + if data_bits > 0: + flags |= SPI_USR_MOSI + set_data_lengths(data_bits, read_bits) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR_REG, flags) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR2_REG, + (7 << SPI_USR2_DLEN_SHIFT) | spiflash_command) + if data_bits == 0: + self.write_reg(SPI_W0_REG, 0) # clear data register before we read it + else: + data = pad_to(data, 4, b'\00') # pad to 32-bit multiple + words = struct.unpack("I" * (len(data) // 4), data) + next_reg = SPI_W0_REG + for word in words: + self.write_reg(next_reg, word) + next_reg += 4 + self.write_reg(SPI_CMD_REG, SPI_CMD_USR) + + def wait_done(): + for _ in range(10): + if (self.read_reg(SPI_CMD_REG) & SPI_CMD_USR) == 0: + return + raise FatalError("SPI command did not complete in time") + wait_done() + + status = self.read_reg(SPI_W0_REG) + # restore some SPI controller registers + self.write_reg(SPI_USR_REG, old_spi_usr) + self.write_reg(SPI_USR2_REG, old_spi_usr2) + return status + + def read_status(self, num_bytes=2): + """Read up to 24 bits (num_bytes) of SPI flash status register contents + via RDSR, RDSR2, RDSR3 commands + + Not all SPI flash supports all three commands. The upper 1 or 2 + bytes may be 0xFF. + """ + SPIFLASH_RDSR = 0x05 + SPIFLASH_RDSR2 = 0x35 + SPIFLASH_RDSR3 = 0x15 + + status = 0 + shift = 0 + for cmd in [SPIFLASH_RDSR, SPIFLASH_RDSR2, SPIFLASH_RDSR3][0:num_bytes]: + status += self.run_spiflash_command(cmd, read_bits=8) << shift + shift += 8 + return status + + def write_status(self, new_status, num_bytes=2, set_non_volatile=False): + """Write up to 24 bits (num_bytes) of new status register + + num_bytes can be 1, 2 or 3. + + Not all flash supports the additional commands to write the + second and third byte of the status register. When writing 2 + bytes, esptool also sends a 16-byte WRSR command (as some + flash types use this instead of WRSR2.) + + If the set_non_volatile flag is set, non-volatile bits will + be set as well as volatile ones (WREN used instead of WEVSR). + + """ + SPIFLASH_WRSR = 0x01 + SPIFLASH_WRSR2 = 0x31 + SPIFLASH_WRSR3 = 0x11 + SPIFLASH_WEVSR = 0x50 + SPIFLASH_WREN = 0x06 + SPIFLASH_WRDI = 0x04 + + enable_cmd = SPIFLASH_WREN if set_non_volatile else SPIFLASH_WEVSR + + # try using a 16-bit WRSR (not supported by all chips) + # this may be redundant, but shouldn't hurt + if num_bytes == 2: + self.run_spiflash_command(enable_cmd) + self.run_spiflash_command(SPIFLASH_WRSR, struct.pack(">= 8 + + self.run_spiflash_command(SPIFLASH_WRDI) + + def hard_reset(self): + self._setRTS(True) # EN->LOW + time.sleep(0.1) + self._setRTS(False) + + def soft_reset(self, stay_in_bootloader): + if not self.IS_STUB: + if stay_in_bootloader: + return # ROM bootloader is already in bootloader! + else: + # 'run user code' is as close to a soft reset as we can do + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + self.flash_finish(False) + else: + if stay_in_bootloader: + # soft resetting from the stub loader + # will re-load the ROM bootloader + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + self.flash_finish(True) + elif self.CHIP_NAME != "ESP8266": + raise FatalError("Soft resetting is currently only supported on ESP8266") + else: + # running user code from stub loader requires some hacks + # in the stub loader + self.command(self.ESP_RUN_USER_CODE, wait_response=False) + + +class ESP8266ROM(ESPLoader): + """ Access class for ESP8266 ROM bootloader + """ + CHIP_NAME = "ESP8266" + IS_STUB = False + + DATE_REG_VALUE = 0x00062000 + + # OTP ROM addresses + ESP_OTP_MAC0 = 0x3ff00050 + ESP_OTP_MAC1 = 0x3ff00054 + ESP_OTP_MAC3 = 0x3ff0005c + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x60000200 + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x40 + SPI_HAS_MOSI_DLEN_REG = False + + FLASH_SIZES = { + '512KB':0x00, + '256KB':0x10, + '1MB':0x20, + '2MB':0x30, + '4MB':0x40, + '2MB-c1': 0x50, + '4MB-c1':0x60, + '8MB':0x80, + '16MB':0x90, + } + + BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0 + + def get_efuses(self): + # Return the 128 bits of ESP8266 efuse as a single Python integer + return (self.read_reg(0x3ff0005c) << 96 | + self.read_reg(0x3ff00058) << 64 | + self.read_reg(0x3ff00054) << 32 | + self.read_reg(0x3ff00050)) + + def get_chip_description(self): + efuses = self.get_efuses() + is_8285 = (efuses & ((1 << 4) | 1 << 80)) != 0 # One or the other efuse bit is set for ESP8285 + return "ESP8285" if is_8285 else "ESP8266EX" + + def get_chip_features(self): + features = ["WiFi"] + if self.get_chip_description() == "ESP8285": + features += ["Embedded Flash"] + return features + + def flash_spi_attach(self, hspi_arg): + if self.IS_STUB: + super(ESP8266ROM, self).flash_spi_attach(hspi_arg) + else: + # ESP8266 ROM has no flash_spi_attach command in serial protocol, + # but flash_begin will do it + self.flash_begin(0, 0) + + def flash_set_parameters(self, size): + # not implemented in ROM, but OK to silently skip for ROM + if self.IS_STUB: + super(ESP8266ROM, self).flash_set_parameters(size) + + def chip_id(self): + """ Read Chip ID from efuse - the equivalent of the SDK system_get_chip_id() function """ + id0 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC0) + id1 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC1) + return (id0 >> 24) | ((id1 & MAX_UINT24) << 8) + + def read_mac(self): + """ Read MAC from OTP ROM """ + mac0 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC0) + mac1 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC1) + mac3 = self.read_reg(self.ESP_OTP_MAC3) + if (mac3 != 0): + oui = ((mac3 >> 16) & 0xff, (mac3 >> 8) & 0xff, mac3 & 0xff) + elif ((mac1 >> 16) & 0xff) == 0: + oui = (0x18, 0xfe, 0x34) + elif ((mac1 >> 16) & 0xff) == 1: + oui = (0xac, 0xd0, 0x74) + else: + raise FatalError("Unknown OUI") + return oui + ((mac1 >> 8) & 0xff, mac1 & 0xff, (mac0 >> 24) & 0xff) + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + """ Calculate an erase size given a specific size in bytes. + + Provides a workaround for the bootloader erase bug.""" + + sectors_per_block = 16 + sector_size = self.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE + num_sectors = (size + sector_size - 1) // sector_size + start_sector = offset // sector_size + + head_sectors = sectors_per_block - (start_sector % sectors_per_block) + if num_sectors < head_sectors: + head_sectors = num_sectors + + if num_sectors < 2 * head_sectors: + return (num_sectors + 1) // 2 * sector_size + else: + return (num_sectors - head_sectors) * sector_size + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + raise NotImplementedInROMError("Overriding VDDSDIO setting only applies to ESP32") + + +class ESP8266StubLoader(ESP8266ROM): + """ Access class for ESP8266 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + return size # stub doesn't have same size bug as ROM loader + + +ESP8266ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP8266StubLoader + + +class ESP32ROM(ESPLoader): + """Access class for ESP32 ROM bootloader + + """ + CHIP_NAME = "ESP32" + IS_STUB = False + + DATE_REG_VALUE = 0x15122500 + + IROM_MAP_START = 0x400d0000 + IROM_MAP_END = 0x40400000 + DROM_MAP_START = 0x3F400000 + DROM_MAP_END = 0x3F800000 + + # ESP32 uses a 4 byte status reply + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 4 + + SPI_REG_BASE = 0x60002000 + EFUSE_REG_BASE = 0x6001a000 + + SPI_W0_OFFS = 0x80 + SPI_HAS_MOSI_DLEN_REG = True + + FLASH_SIZES = { + '1MB':0x00, + '2MB':0x10, + '4MB':0x20, + '8MB':0x30, + '16MB':0x40 + } + + BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET = 0x1000 + + OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES = ["1.8V", "1.9V", "OFF"] + + """ Try to read the BLOCK1 (encryption key) and check if it is valid """ + + def is_flash_encryption_key_valid(self): + + """ Bit 0 of efuse_rd_disable[3:0] is mapped to BLOCK1 + this bit is at position 16 in EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA0_REG """ + word0 = self.read_efuse(0) + rd_disable = (word0 >> 16) & 0x1 + + # reading of BLOCK1 is NOT ALLOWED so we assume valid key is programmed + if rd_disable: + return True + else: + """ reading of BLOCK1 is ALLOWED so we will read and verify for non-zero. + When ESP32 has not generated AES/encryption key in BLOCK1, the contents will be readable and 0. + If the flash encryption is enabled it is expected to have a valid non-zero key. We break out on + first occurance of non-zero value """ + key_word = [0] * 7 + for i in range(len(key_word)): + key_word[i] = self.read_efuse(14 + i) + # key is non-zero so break & return + if key_word[i] != 0: + return True + return False + + """ For flash encryption related commands we need to make sure + user has programmed all the relevant efuse correctly so at + the end of write_flash_encrypt esptool will verify the values + of flash_crypt_config to be non zero if they are not read + protected. If the values are zero a warning will be printed + """ + + def get_flash_crypt_config(self): + """ bit 3 in efuse_rd_disable[3:0] is mapped to flash_crypt_config + this bit is at position 19 in EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA0_REG """ + word0 = self.read_efuse(0) + rd_disable = (word0 >> 19) & 0x1 + + if rd_disable == 0: + """ we can read the flash_crypt_config efuse value + so go & read it (EFUSE_BLK0_RDATA5_REG[31:28]) """ + word5 = self.read_efuse(5) + word5 = (word5 >> 28) & 0xF + return word5 + else: + # if read of the efuse is disabled we assume it is set correctly + return 0xF + + def get_chip_description(self): + word3 = self.read_efuse(3) + chip_ver_rev1 = (word3 >> 15) & 0x1 + pkg_version = (word3 >> 9) & 0x07 + + chip_name = { + 0: "ESP32D0WDQ6", + 1: "ESP32D0WDQ5", + 2: "ESP32D2WDQ5", + 5: "ESP32-PICO-D4", + }.get(pkg_version, "unknown ESP32") + + return "%s (revision %d)" % (chip_name, chip_ver_rev1) + + def get_chip_features(self): + features = ["WiFi"] + word3 = self.read_efuse(3) + + # names of variables in this section are lowercase + # versions of EFUSE names as documented in TRM and + # ESP-IDF efuse_reg.h + + chip_ver_dis_bt = word3 & (1 << 1) + if chip_ver_dis_bt == 0: + features += ["BT"] + + chip_ver_dis_app_cpu = word3 & (1 << 0) + if chip_ver_dis_app_cpu: + features += ["Single Core"] + else: + features += ["Dual Core"] + + chip_cpu_freq_rated = word3 & (1 << 13) + if chip_cpu_freq_rated: + chip_cpu_freq_low = word3 & (1 << 12) + if chip_cpu_freq_low: + features += ["160MHz"] + else: + features += ["240MHz"] + + pkg_version = (word3 >> 9) & 0x07 + if pkg_version in [2, 4, 5]: + features += ["Embedded Flash"] + + word4 = self.read_efuse(4) + adc_vref = (word4 >> 8) & 0x1F + if adc_vref: + features += ["VRef calibration in efuse"] + + blk3_part_res = word3 >> 14 & 0x1 + if blk3_part_res: + features += ["BLK3 partially reserved"] + + word6 = self.read_efuse(6) + coding_scheme = word6 & 0x3 + features += ["Coding Scheme %s" % { + 0: "None", + 1: "3/4", + 2: "Repeat (UNSUPPORTED)", + 3: "Invalid"}[coding_scheme]] + + return features + + def read_efuse(self, n): + """ Read the nth word of the ESP3x EFUSE region. """ + return self.read_reg(self.EFUSE_REG_BASE + (4 * n)) + + def chip_id(self): + raise NotSupportedError(self, "chip_id") + + def read_mac(self): + """ Read MAC from EFUSE region """ + words = [self.read_efuse(2), self.read_efuse(1)] + bitstring = struct.pack(">II", *words) + bitstring = bitstring[2:8] # trim the 2 byte CRC + try: + return tuple(ord(b) for b in bitstring) + except TypeError: # Python 3, bitstring elements are already bytes + return tuple(bitstring) + + def get_erase_size(self, offset, size): + return size + + def override_vddsdio(self, new_voltage): + new_voltage = new_voltage.upper() + if new_voltage not in self.OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES: + raise FatalError("The only accepted VDDSDIO overrides are '1.8V', '1.9V' and 'OFF'") + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_CONF_REG = 0x3ff48074 + RTC_CNTL_XPD_SDIO_REG = (1 << 31) + RTC_CNTL_DREFH_SDIO_M = (3 << 29) + RTC_CNTL_DREFM_SDIO_M = (3 << 27) + RTC_CNTL_DREFL_SDIO_M = (3 << 25) + # RTC_CNTL_SDIO_TIEH = (1 << 23) # not used here, setting TIEH=1 would set 3.3V output, not safe for esptool.py to do + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_FORCE = (1 << 22) + RTC_CNTL_SDIO_PD_EN = (1 << 21) + + reg_val = RTC_CNTL_SDIO_FORCE # override efuse setting + reg_val |= RTC_CNTL_SDIO_PD_EN + if new_voltage != "OFF": + reg_val |= RTC_CNTL_XPD_SDIO_REG # enable internal LDO + if new_voltage == "1.9V": + reg_val |= (RTC_CNTL_DREFH_SDIO_M | RTC_CNTL_DREFM_SDIO_M | RTC_CNTL_DREFL_SDIO_M) # boost voltage + self.write_reg(RTC_CNTL_SDIO_CONF_REG, reg_val) + print("VDDSDIO regulator set to %s" % new_voltage) + + +class ESP32StubLoader(ESP32ROM): + """ Access class for ESP32 stub loader, runs on top of ROM. + """ + FLASH_WRITE_SIZE = 0x4000 # matches MAX_WRITE_BLOCK in stub_loader.c + STATUS_BYTES_LENGTH = 2 # same as ESP8266, different to ESP32 ROM + IS_STUB = True + + def __init__(self, rom_loader): + self._port = rom_loader._port + self._trace_enabled = rom_loader._trace_enabled + self.flush_input() # resets _slip_reader + + +ESP32ROM.STUB_CLASS = ESP32StubLoader + + +class ESPBOOTLOADER(object): + """ These are constants related to software ESP bootloader, working with 'v2' image files """ + + # First byte of the "v2" application image + IMAGE_V2_MAGIC = 0xea + + # First 'segment' value in a "v2" application image, appears to be a constant version value? + IMAGE_V2_SEGMENT = 4 + + +def LoadFirmwareImage(chip, filename): + """ Load a firmware image. Can be for ESP8266 or ESP32. ESP8266 images will be examined to determine if they are + original ROM firmware images (ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage) or "v2" OTA bootloader images. + + Returns a BaseFirmwareImage subclass, either ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage (v1) or ESP8266V2FirmwareImage (v2). + """ + with open(filename, 'rb') as f: + if chip.lower() == 'esp32': + return ESP32FirmwareImage(f) + else: # Otherwise, ESP8266 so look at magic to determine the image type + magic = ord(f.read(1)) + f.seek(0) + if magic == ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC: + return ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage(f) + elif magic == ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_MAGIC: + return ESP8266V2FirmwareImage(f) + else: + raise FatalError("Invalid image magic number: %d" % magic) + + +class ImageSegment(object): + """ Wrapper class for a segment in an ESP image + (very similar to a section in an ELFImage also) """ + def __init__(self, addr, data, file_offs=None): + self.addr = addr + self.data = data + self.file_offs = file_offs + self.include_in_checksum = True + if self.addr != 0: + self.pad_to_alignment(4) # pad all "real" ImageSegments 4 byte aligned length + + def copy_with_new_addr(self, new_addr): + """ Return a new ImageSegment with same data, but mapped at + a new address. """ + return ImageSegment(new_addr, self.data, 0) + + def split_image(self, split_len): + """ Return a new ImageSegment which splits "split_len" bytes + from the beginning of the data. Remaining bytes are kept in + this segment object (and the start address is adjusted to match.) """ + result = copy.copy(self) + result.data = self.data[:split_len] + self.data = self.data[split_len:] + self.addr += split_len + self.file_offs = None + result.file_offs = None + return result + + def __repr__(self): + r = "len 0x%05x load 0x%08x" % (len(self.data), self.addr) + if self.file_offs is not None: + r += " file_offs 0x%08x" % (self.file_offs) + return r + + def pad_to_alignment(self, alignment): + self.data = pad_to(self.data, alignment, b'\x00') + + +class ELFSection(ImageSegment): + """ Wrapper class for a section in an ELF image, has a section + name as well as the common properties of an ImageSegment. """ + def __init__(self, name, addr, data): + super(ELFSection, self).__init__(addr, data) + self.name = name.decode("utf-8") + + def __repr__(self): + return "%s %s" % (self.name, super(ELFSection, self).__repr__()) + + +class BaseFirmwareImage(object): + SEG_HEADER_LEN = 8 + SHA256_DIGEST_LEN = 32 + + """ Base class with common firmware image functions """ + def __init__(self): + self.segments = [] + self.entrypoint = 0 + self.elf_sha256 = None + self.elf_sha256_offset = 0 + + def load_common_header(self, load_file, expected_magic): + (magic, segments, self.flash_mode, self.flash_size_freq, self.entrypoint) = struct.unpack(' 16: + raise FatalError('Invalid segment count %d (max 16). Usually this indicates a linker script problem.' % len(self.segments)) + + def load_segment(self, f, is_irom_segment=False): + """ Load the next segment from the image file """ + file_offs = f.tell() + (offset, size) = struct.unpack(' 0x40200000 or offset < 0x3ffe0000 or size > 65536: + print('WARNING: Suspicious segment 0x%x, length %d' % (offset, size)) + + def maybe_patch_segment_data(self, f, segment_data): + """If SHA256 digest of the ELF file needs to be inserted into this segment, do so. Returns segment data.""" + segment_len = len(segment_data) + file_pos = f.tell() # file_pos is position in the .bin file + if self.elf_sha256_offset >= file_pos and self.elf_sha256_offset < file_pos + segment_len: + # SHA256 digest needs to be patched into this binary segment, + # calculate offset of the digest inside the binary segment. + patch_offset = self.elf_sha256_offset - file_pos + # Sanity checks + if patch_offset < self.SEG_HEADER_LEN or patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN > segment_len: + raise FatalError('Cannot place SHA256 digest on segment boundary' + + '(elf_sha256_offset=%d, file_pos=%d, segment_size=%d)' % + (self.elf_sha256_offset, file_pos, segment_len)) + if segment_data[patch_offset:patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN] != b'\x00' * self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN: + raise FatalError('Contents of segment at SHA256 digest offset 0x%x are not all zero. Refusing to overwrite.' % + self.elf_sha256_offset) + assert(len(self.elf_sha256) == self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN) + # offset relative to the data part + patch_offset -= self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + segment_data = segment_data[0:patch_offset] + self.elf_sha256 + \ + segment_data[patch_offset + self.SHA256_DIGEST_LEN:] + return segment_data + + def save_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None): + """ Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided """ + segment_data = self.maybe_patch_segment_data(f, segment.data) + f.write(struct.pack(' 0: + if len(irom_segments) != 1: + raise FatalError('Found %d segments that could be irom0. Bad ELF file?' % len(irom_segments)) + return irom_segments[0] + return None + + def get_non_irom_segments(self): + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + return [s for s in self.segments if s != irom_segment] + + +class ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage): + """ 'Version 1' firmware image, segments loaded directly by the ROM bootloader. """ + + ROM_LOADER = ESP8266ROM + + def __init__(self, load_file=None): + super(ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage, self).__init__() + self.flash_mode = 0 + self.flash_size_freq = 0 + self.version = 1 + + if load_file is not None: + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC) + + for _ in range(segments): + self.load_segment(load_file) + self.checksum = self.read_checksum(load_file) + + self.verify() + + def default_output_name(self, input_file): + """ Derive a default output name from the ELF name. """ + return input_file + '-' + + def save(self, basename): + """ Save a set of V1 images for flashing. Parameter is a base filename. """ + # IROM data goes in its own plain binary file + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + if irom_segment is not None: + with open("%s0x%05x.bin" % (basename, irom_segment.addr - ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START), "wb") as f: + f.write(irom_segment.data) + + # everything but IROM goes at 0x00000 in an image file + normal_segments = self.get_non_irom_segments() + with open("%s0x00000.bin" % basename, 'wb') as f: + self.write_common_header(f, normal_segments) + checksum = ESPLoader.ESP_CHECKSUM_MAGIC + for segment in normal_segments: + checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + self.append_checksum(f, checksum) + + +class ESP8266V2FirmwareImage(BaseFirmwareImage): + """ 'Version 2' firmware image, segments loaded by software bootloader stub + (ie Espressif bootloader or rboot) + """ + + ROM_LOADER = ESP8266ROM + + def __init__(self, load_file=None): + super(ESP8266V2FirmwareImage, self).__init__() + self.version = 2 + if load_file is not None: + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_MAGIC) + if segments != ESPBOOTLOADER.IMAGE_V2_SEGMENT: + # segment count is not really segment count here, but we expect to see '4' + print('Warning: V2 header has unexpected "segment" count %d (usually 4)' % segments) + + # irom segment comes before the second header + # + # the file is saved in the image with a zero load address + # in the header, so we need to calculate a load address + irom_segment = self.load_segment(load_file, True) + irom_segment.addr = 0 # for actual mapped addr, add ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START + flashing_addr + 8 + irom_segment.include_in_checksum = False + + first_flash_mode = self.flash_mode + first_flash_size_freq = self.flash_size_freq + first_entrypoint = self.entrypoint + # load the second header + + segments = self.load_common_header(load_file, ESPLoader.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC) + + if first_flash_mode != self.flash_mode: + print('WARNING: Flash mode value in first header (0x%02x) disagrees with second (0x%02x). Using second value.' + % (first_flash_mode, self.flash_mode)) + if first_flash_size_freq != self.flash_size_freq: + print('WARNING: Flash size/freq value in first header (0x%02x) disagrees with second (0x%02x). Using second value.' + % (first_flash_size_freq, self.flash_size_freq)) + if first_entrypoint != self.entrypoint: + print('WARNING: Entrypoint address in first header (0x%08x) disagrees with second header (0x%08x). Using second value.' + % (first_entrypoint, self.entrypoint)) + + # load all the usual segments + for _ in range(segments): + self.load_segment(load_file) + self.checksum = self.read_checksum(load_file) + + self.verify() + + def default_output_name(self, input_file): + """ Derive a default output name from the ELF name. """ + irom_segment = self.get_irom_segment() + if irom_segment is not None: + irom_offs = irom_segment.addr - ESP8266ROM.IROM_MAP_START + else: + irom_offs = 0 + return "%s-0x%05x.bin" % (os.path.splitext(input_file)[0], + irom_offs & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) + + def save(self, filename): + with open(filename, 'wb') as f: + # Save first header for irom0 segment + f.write(struct.pack(b' 0: + last_addr = flash_segments[0].addr + for segment in flash_segments[1:]: + if segment.addr // self.IROM_ALIGN == last_addr // self.IROM_ALIGN: + raise FatalError(("Segment loaded at 0x%08x lands in same 64KB flash mapping as segment loaded at 0x%08x. " + + "Can't generate binary. Suggest changing linker script or ELF to merge sections.") % + (segment.addr, last_addr)) + last_addr = segment.addr + + def get_alignment_data_needed(segment): + # Actual alignment (in data bytes) required for a segment header: positioned so that + # after we write the next 8 byte header, file_offs % IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % IROM_ALIGN + # + # (this is because the segment's vaddr may not be IROM_ALIGNed, more likely is aligned + # IROM_ALIGN+0x18 to account for the binary file header + align_past = (segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN) - self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + pad_len = (self.IROM_ALIGN - (f.tell() % self.IROM_ALIGN)) + align_past + if pad_len == 0 or pad_len == self.IROM_ALIGN: + return 0 # already aligned + + # subtract SEG_HEADER_LEN a second time, as the padding block has a header as well + pad_len -= self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + if pad_len < 0: + pad_len += self.IROM_ALIGN + return pad_len + + # try to fit each flash segment on a 64kB aligned boundary + # by padding with parts of the non-flash segments... + while len(flash_segments) > 0: + segment = flash_segments[0] + pad_len = get_alignment_data_needed(segment) + if pad_len > 0: # need to pad + if len(ram_segments) > 0 and pad_len > self.SEG_HEADER_LEN: + pad_segment = ram_segments[0].split_image(pad_len) + if len(ram_segments[0].data) == 0: + ram_segments.pop(0) + else: + pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b'\x00' * pad_len, f.tell()) + checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + else: + # write the flash segment + assert (f.tell() + 8) % self.IROM_ALIGN == segment.addr % self.IROM_ALIGN + checksum = self.save_flash_segment(f, segment, checksum) + flash_segments.pop(0) + total_segments += 1 + + # flash segments all written, so write any remaining RAM segments + for segment in ram_segments: + checksum = self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + + if self.secure_pad: + # pad the image so that after signing it will end on a a 64KB boundary. + # This ensures all mapped flash content will be verified. + if not self.append_digest: + raise FatalError("secure_pad only applies if a SHA-256 digest is also appended to the image") + align_past = (f.tell() + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN) % self.IROM_ALIGN + # 16 byte aligned checksum (force the alignment to simplify calculations) + checksum_space = 16 + # after checksum: SHA-256 digest + (to be added by signing process) version, signature + 12 trailing bytes due to alignment + space_after_checksum = 32 + 4 + 64 + 12 + pad_len = (self.IROM_ALIGN - align_past - checksum_space - space_after_checksum) % self.IROM_ALIGN + pad_segment = ImageSegment(0, b'\x00' * pad_len, f.tell()) + + checksum = self.save_segment(f, pad_segment, checksum) + total_segments += 1 + + # done writing segments + self.append_checksum(f, checksum) + image_length = f.tell() + + if self.secure_pad: + assert ((image_length + space_after_checksum) % self.IROM_ALIGN) == 0 + + # kinda hacky: go back to the initial header and write the new segment count + # that includes padding segments. This header is not checksummed + f.seek(1) + try: + f.write(chr(total_segments)) + except TypeError: # Python 3 + f.write(bytes([total_segments])) + + if self.append_digest: + # calculate the SHA256 of the whole file and append it + f.seek(0) + digest = hashlib.sha256() + digest.update(f.read(image_length)) + f.write(digest.digest()) + + with open(filename, 'wb') as real_file: + real_file.write(f.getvalue()) + + def save_flash_segment(self, f, segment, checksum=None): + """ Save the next segment to the image file, return next checksum value if provided """ + segment_end_pos = f.tell() + len(segment.data) + self.SEG_HEADER_LEN + segment_len_remainder = segment_end_pos % self.IROM_ALIGN + if segment_len_remainder < 0x24: + # Work around a bug in ESP-IDF 2nd stage bootloader, that it didn't map the + # last MMU page, if an IROM/DROM segment was < 0x24 bytes over the page boundary. + segment.data += b'\x00' * (0x24 - segment_len_remainder) + return self.save_segment(f, segment, checksum) + + def load_extended_header(self, load_file): + def split_byte(n): + return (n & 0x0F, (n >> 4) & 0x0F) + + fields = list(struct.unpack(self.EXTENDED_HEADER_STRUCT_FMT, load_file.read(16))) + + self.wp_pin = fields[0] + + # SPI pin drive stengths are two per byte + self.clk_drv, self.q_drv = split_byte(fields[1]) + self.d_drv, self.cs_drv = split_byte(fields[2]) + self.hd_drv, self.wp_drv = split_byte(fields[3]) + + if fields[15] in [0, 1]: + self.append_digest = (fields[15] == 1) + else: + raise RuntimeError("Invalid value for append_digest field (0x%02x). Should be 0 or 1.", fields[15]) + + # remaining fields in the middle should all be zero + if any(f for f in fields[4:15] if f != 0): + print("Warning: some reserved header fields have non-zero values. This image may be from a newer esptool.py?") + + def save_extended_header(self, save_file): + def join_byte(ln,hn): + return (ln & 0x0F) + ((hn & 0x0F) << 4) + + append_digest = 1 if self.append_digest else 0 + + fields = [self.wp_pin, + join_byte(self.clk_drv, self.q_drv), + join_byte(self.d_drv, self.cs_drv), + join_byte(self.hd_drv, self.wp_drv)] + fields += [0] * 11 + fields += [append_digest] + + packed = struct.pack(self.EXTENDED_HEADER_STRUCT_FMT, *fields) + save_file.write(packed) + + +class ELFFile(object): + SEC_TYPE_PROGBITS = 0x01 + SEC_TYPE_STRTAB = 0x03 + + LEN_SEC_HEADER = 0x28 + + def __init__(self, name): + # Load sections from the ELF file + self.name = name + with open(self.name, 'rb') as f: + self._read_elf_file(f) + + def get_section(self, section_name): + for s in self.sections: + if s.name == section_name: + return s + raise ValueError("No section %s in ELF file" % section_name) + + def _read_elf_file(self, f): + # read the ELF file header + LEN_FILE_HEADER = 0x34 + try: + (ident,_type,machine,_version, + self.entrypoint,_phoff,shoff,_flags, + _ehsize, _phentsize,_phnum, shentsize, + shnum,shstrndx) = struct.unpack("<16sHHLLLLLHHHHHH", f.read(LEN_FILE_HEADER)) + except struct.error as e: + raise FatalError("Failed to read a valid ELF header from %s: %s" % (self.name, e)) + + if byte(ident, 0) != 0x7f or ident[1:4] != b'ELF': + raise FatalError("%s has invalid ELF magic header" % self.name) + if machine != 0x5e: + raise FatalError("%s does not appear to be an Xtensa ELF file. e_machine=%04x" % (self.name, machine)) + if shentsize != self.LEN_SEC_HEADER: + raise FatalError("%s has unexpected section header entry size 0x%x (not 0x28)" % (self.name, shentsize, self.LEN_SEC_HEADER)) + if shnum == 0: + raise FatalError("%s has 0 section headers" % (self.name)) + self._read_sections(f, shoff, shnum, shstrndx) + + def _read_sections(self, f, section_header_offs, section_header_count, shstrndx): + f.seek(section_header_offs) + len_bytes = section_header_count * self.LEN_SEC_HEADER + section_header = f.read(len_bytes) + if len(section_header) == 0: + raise FatalError("No section header found at offset %04x in ELF file." % section_header_offs) + if len(section_header) != (len_bytes): + raise FatalError("Only read 0x%x bytes from section header (expected 0x%x.) Truncated ELF file?" % (len(section_header), len_bytes)) + + # walk through the section header and extract all sections + section_header_offsets = range(0, len(section_header), self.LEN_SEC_HEADER) + + def read_section_header(offs): + name_offs,sec_type,_flags,lma,sec_offs,size = struct.unpack_from(" 0] + self.sections = prog_sections + + def sha256(self): + # return SHA256 hash of the input ELF file + sha256 = hashlib.sha256() + with open(self.name, 'rb') as f: + sha256.update(f.read()) + return sha256.digest() + + +def slip_reader(port, trace_function): + """Generator to read SLIP packets from a serial port. + Yields one full SLIP packet at a time, raises exception on timeout or invalid data. + + Designed to avoid too many calls to serial.read(1), which can bog + down on slow systems. + """ + partial_packet = None + in_escape = False + while True: + waiting = port.inWaiting() + read_bytes = port.read(1 if waiting == 0 else waiting) + if read_bytes == b'': + waiting_for = "header" if partial_packet is None else "content" + trace_function("Timed out waiting for packet %s", waiting_for) + raise FatalError("Timed out waiting for packet %s" % waiting_for) + trace_function("Read %d bytes: %s", len(read_bytes), HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + for b in read_bytes: + if type(b) is int: + b = bytes([b]) # python 2/3 compat + + if partial_packet is None: # waiting for packet header + if b == b'\xc0': + partial_packet = b"" + else: + trace_function("Read invalid data: %s", HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + trace_function("Remaining data in serial buffer: %s", HexFormatter(port.read(port.inWaiting()))) + raise FatalError('Invalid head of packet (0x%s)' % hexify(b)) + elif in_escape: # part-way through escape sequence + in_escape = False + if b == b'\xdc': + partial_packet += b'\xc0' + elif b == b'\xdd': + partial_packet += b'\xdb' + else: + trace_function("Read invalid data: %s", HexFormatter(read_bytes)) + trace_function("Remaining data in serial buffer: %s", HexFormatter(port.read(port.inWaiting()))) + raise FatalError('Invalid SLIP escape (0xdb, 0x%s)' % (hexify(b))) + elif b == b'\xdb': # start of escape sequence + in_escape = True + elif b == b'\xc0': # end of packet + trace_function("Received full packet: %s", HexFormatter(partial_packet)) + yield partial_packet + partial_packet = None + else: # normal byte in packet + partial_packet += b + + +def arg_auto_int(x): + return int(x, 0) + + +def div_roundup(a, b): + """ Return a/b rounded up to nearest integer, + equivalent result to int(math.ceil(float(int(a)) / float(int(b))), only + without possible floating point accuracy errors. + """ + return (int(a) + int(b) - 1) // int(b) + + +def align_file_position(f, size): + """ Align the position in the file to the next block of specified size """ + align = (size - 1) - (f.tell() % size) + f.seek(align, 1) + + +def flash_size_bytes(size): + """ Given a flash size of the type passed in args.flash_size + (ie 512KB or 1MB) then return the size in bytes. + """ + if "MB" in size: + return int(size[:size.index("MB")]) * 1024 * 1024 + elif "KB" in size: + return int(size[:size.index("KB")]) * 1024 + else: + raise FatalError("Unknown size %s" % size) + + +def hexify(s, uppercase=True): + format_str = '%02X' if uppercase else '%02x' + if not PYTHON2: + return ''.join(format_str % c for c in s) + else: + return ''.join(format_str % ord(c) for c in s) + + +class HexFormatter(object): + """ + Wrapper class which takes binary data in its constructor + and returns a hex string as it's __str__ method. + + This is intended for "lazy formatting" of trace() output + in hex format. Avoids overhead (significant on slow computers) + of generating long hex strings even if tracing is disabled. + + Note that this doesn't save any overhead if passed as an + argument to "%", only when passed to trace() + + If auto_split is set (default), any long line (> 16 bytes) will be + printed as separately indented lines, with ASCII decoding at the end + of each line. + """ + def __init__(self, binary_string, auto_split=True): + self._s = binary_string + self._auto_split = auto_split + + def __str__(self): + if self._auto_split and len(self._s) > 16: + result = "" + s = self._s + while len(s) > 0: + line = s[:16] + ascii_line = "".join(c if (c == ' ' or (c in string.printable and c not in string.whitespace)) + else '.' for c in line.decode('ascii', 'replace')) + s = s[16:] + result += "\n %-16s %-16s | %s" % (hexify(line[:8], False), hexify(line[8:], False), ascii_line) + return result + else: + return hexify(self._s, False) + + +def pad_to(data, alignment, pad_character=b'\xFF'): + """ Pad to the next alignment boundary """ + pad_mod = len(data) % alignment + if pad_mod != 0: + data += pad_character * (alignment - pad_mod) + return data + + +class FatalError(RuntimeError): + """ + Wrapper class for runtime errors that aren't caused by internal bugs, but by + ESP8266 responses or input content. + """ + def __init__(self, message): + RuntimeError.__init__(self, message) + + @staticmethod + def WithResult(message, result): + """ + Return a fatal error object that appends the hex values of + 'result' as a string formatted argument. + """ + message += " (result was %s)" % hexify(result) + return FatalError(message) + + +class NotImplementedInROMError(FatalError): + """ + Wrapper class for the error thrown when a particular ESP bootloader function + is not implemented in the ROM bootloader. + """ + def __init__(self, bootloader, func): + FatalError.__init__(self, "%s ROM does not support function %s." % (bootloader.CHIP_NAME, func.__name__)) + + +class NotSupportedError(FatalError): + def __init__(self, esp, function_name): + FatalError.__init__(self, "Function %s is not supported for %s." % (function_name, esp.CHIP_NAME)) + +# "Operation" commands, executable at command line. One function each +# +# Each function takes either two args (, ) or a single +# argument. + + +def load_ram(esp, args): + image = LoadFirmwareImage(esp.CHIP_NAME, args.filename) + + print('RAM boot...') + for seg in image.segments: + size = len(seg.data) + print('Downloading %d bytes at %08x...' % (size, seg.addr), end=' ') + sys.stdout.flush() + esp.mem_begin(size, div_roundup(size, esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK), esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK, seg.addr) + + seq = 0 + while len(seg.data) > 0: + esp.mem_block(seg.data[0:esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK], seq) + seg.data = seg.data[esp.ESP_RAM_BLOCK:] + seq += 1 + print('done!') + + print('All segments done, executing at %08x' % image.entrypoint) + esp.mem_finish(image.entrypoint) + + +def read_mem(esp, args): + print('0x%08x = 0x%08x' % (args.address, esp.read_reg(args.address))) + + +def write_mem(esp, args): + esp.write_reg(args.address, args.value, args.mask, 0) + print('Wrote %08x, mask %08x to %08x' % (args.value, args.mask, args.address)) + + +def dump_mem(esp, args): + with open(args.filename, 'wb') as f: + for i in range(args.size // 4): + d = esp.read_reg(args.address + (i * 4)) + f.write(struct.pack(b'> 16 + args.flash_size = DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES.get(size_id) + if args.flash_size is None: + print('Warning: Could not auto-detect Flash size (FlashID=0x%x, SizeID=0x%x), defaulting to 4MB' % (flash_id, size_id)) + args.flash_size = '4MB' + else: + print('Auto-detected Flash size:', args.flash_size) + + +def _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image): + """ Modify the flash mode & size bytes if this looks like an executable bootloader image """ + if len(image) < 8: + return image # not long enough to be a bootloader image + + # unpack the (potential) image header + magic, _, flash_mode, flash_size_freq = struct.unpack("BBBB", image[:4]) + if address != esp.BOOTLOADER_FLASH_OFFSET or magic != esp.ESP_IMAGE_MAGIC: + return image # not flashing a bootloader, so don't modify this + + if args.flash_mode != 'keep': + flash_mode = {'qio':0, 'qout':1, 'dio':2, 'dout': 3}[args.flash_mode] + + flash_freq = flash_size_freq & 0x0F + if args.flash_freq != 'keep': + flash_freq = {'40m':0, '26m':1, '20m':2, '80m': 0xf}[args.flash_freq] + + flash_size = flash_size_freq & 0xF0 + if args.flash_size != 'keep': + flash_size = esp.parse_flash_size_arg(args.flash_size) + + flash_params = struct.pack(b'BB', flash_mode, flash_size + flash_freq) + if flash_params != image[2:4]: + print('Flash params set to 0x%04x' % struct.unpack(">H", flash_params)) + image = image[0:2] + flash_params + image[4:] + return image + + +def write_flash(esp, args): + # set args.compress based on default behaviour: + # -> if either --compress or --no-compress is set, honour that + # -> otherwise, set --compress unless --no-stub is set + if args.compress is None and not args.no_compress: + args.compress = not args.no_stub + + # For encrypt option we do few sanity checks before actual flash write + if args.encrypt: + do_write = True + crypt_cfg_efuse = esp.get_flash_crypt_config() + + if crypt_cfg_efuse != 0xF: + print('\nWARNING: Unexpected FLASH_CRYPT_CONFIG value', hex(crypt_cfg_efuse)) + print('\nMake sure flash encryption is enabled correctly, refer to Flash Encryption documentation') + do_write = False + + enc_key_valid = esp.is_flash_encryption_key_valid() + + if not enc_key_valid: + print('\nFlash encryption key is not programmed') + print('\nMake sure flash encryption is enabled correctly, refer to Flash Encryption documentation') + do_write = False + + if (esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE % 32) != 0: + print('\nWARNING - Flash write address is not aligned to the recommeded 32 bytes') + do_write = False + + if not do_write and not args.ignore_flash_encryption_efuse_setting: + raise FatalError("Incorrect efuse setting: aborting flash write") + + # verify file sizes fit in flash + flash_end = flash_size_bytes(args.flash_size) + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + argfile.seek(0,2) # seek to end + if address + argfile.tell() > flash_end: + raise FatalError(("File %s (length %d) at offset %d will not fit in %d bytes of flash. " + + "Use --flash-size argument, or change flashing address.") + % (argfile.name, argfile.tell(), address, flash_end)) + argfile.seek(0) + + if args.erase_all: + erase_flash(esp, args) + + if args.encrypt and args.compress: + print('\nWARNING: - compress and encrypt options are mutually exclusive ') + print('Will flash uncompressed') + args.compress = False + + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + if args.no_stub: + print('Erasing flash...') + image = pad_to(argfile.read(), 32 if args.encrypt else 4) + if len(image) == 0: + print('WARNING: File %s is empty' % argfile.name) + continue + image = _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image) + calcmd5 = hashlib.md5(image).hexdigest() + uncsize = len(image) + if args.compress: + uncimage = image + image = zlib.compress(uncimage, 9) + ratio = uncsize / len(image) + blocks = esp.flash_defl_begin(uncsize, len(image), address) + else: + ratio = 1.0 + blocks = esp.flash_begin(uncsize, address) + argfile.seek(0) # in case we need it again + seq = 0 + written = 0 + t = time.time() + while len(image) > 0: + print('\rWriting at 0x%08x... (%d %%)' % (address + seq * esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE, 100 * (seq + 1) // blocks), end='') + sys.stdout.flush() + block = image[0:esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE] + if args.compress: + esp.flash_defl_block(block, seq, timeout=DEFAULT_TIMEOUT * ratio * 2) + else: + # Pad the last block + block = block + b'\xff' * (esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE - len(block)) + if args.encrypt: + esp.flash_encrypt_block(block, seq) + else: + esp.flash_block(block, seq) + image = image[esp.FLASH_WRITE_SIZE:] + seq += 1 + written += len(block) + t = time.time() - t + speed_msg = "" + if args.compress: + if t > 0.0: + speed_msg = " (effective %.1f kbit/s)" % (uncsize / t * 8 / 1000) + print('\rWrote %d bytes (%d compressed) at 0x%08x in %.1f seconds%s...' % (uncsize, written, address, t, speed_msg)) + else: + if t > 0.0: + speed_msg = " (%.1f kbit/s)" % (written / t * 8 / 1000) + print('\rWrote %d bytes at 0x%08x in %.1f seconds%s...' % (written, address, t, speed_msg)) + + if not args.encrypt: + try: + res = esp.flash_md5sum(address, uncsize) + if res != calcmd5: + print('File md5: %s' % calcmd5) + print('Flash md5: %s' % res) + print('MD5 of 0xFF is %s' % (hashlib.md5(b'\xFF' * uncsize).hexdigest())) + raise FatalError("MD5 of file does not match data in flash!") + else: + print('Hash of data verified.') + except NotImplementedInROMError: + pass + + print('\nLeaving...') + + if esp.IS_STUB: + # skip sending flash_finish to ROM loader here, + # as it causes the loader to exit and run user code + esp.flash_begin(0, 0) + if args.compress: + esp.flash_defl_finish(False) + else: + esp.flash_finish(False) + + if args.verify: + print('Verifying just-written flash...') + print('(This option is deprecated, flash contents are now always read back after flashing.)') + verify_flash(esp, args) + + +def image_info(args): + image = LoadFirmwareImage(args.chip, args.filename) + print('Image version: %d' % image.version) + print('Entry point: %08x' % image.entrypoint if image.entrypoint != 0 else 'Entry point not set') + print('%d segments' % len(image.segments)) + print + idx = 0 + for seg in image.segments: + idx += 1 + print('Segment %d: %r' % (idx, seg)) + calc_checksum = image.calculate_checksum() + print('Checksum: %02x (%s)' % (image.checksum, + 'valid' if image.checksum == calc_checksum else 'invalid - calculated %02x' % calc_checksum)) + try: + digest_msg = 'Not appended' + if image.append_digest: + is_valid = image.stored_digest == image.calc_digest + digest_msg = "%s (%s)" % (hexify(image.calc_digest).lower(), + "valid" if is_valid else "invalid") + print('Validation Hash: %s' % digest_msg) + except AttributeError: + pass # ESP8266 image has no append_digest field + + +def make_image(args): + image = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage() + if len(args.segfile) == 0: + raise FatalError('No segments specified') + if len(args.segfile) != len(args.segaddr): + raise FatalError('Number of specified files does not match number of specified addresses') + for (seg, addr) in zip(args.segfile, args.segaddr): + with open(seg, 'rb') as f: + data = f.read() + image.segments.append(ImageSegment(addr, data)) + image.entrypoint = args.entrypoint + image.save(args.output) + + +def elf2image(args): + e = ELFFile(args.input) + if args.chip == 'auto': # Default to ESP8266 for backwards compatibility + print("Creating image for ESP8266...") + args.chip = 'esp8266' + + if args.chip == 'esp32': + image = ESP32FirmwareImage() + image.secure_pad = args.secure_pad + elif args.version == '1': # ESP8266 + image = ESP8266ROMFirmwareImage() + else: + image = ESP8266V2FirmwareImage() + image.entrypoint = e.entrypoint + image.segments = e.sections # ELFSection is a subclass of ImageSegment + image.flash_mode = {'qio':0, 'qout':1, 'dio':2, 'dout': 3}[args.flash_mode] + image.flash_size_freq = image.ROM_LOADER.FLASH_SIZES[args.flash_size] + image.flash_size_freq += {'40m':0, '26m':1, '20m':2, '80m': 0xf}[args.flash_freq] + + if args.elf_sha256_offset: + image.elf_sha256 = e.sha256() + image.elf_sha256_offset = args.elf_sha256_offset + + image.verify() + + if args.output is None: + args.output = image.default_output_name(args.input) + image.save(args.output) + + +def read_mac(esp, args): + mac = esp.read_mac() + + def print_mac(label, mac): + print('%s: %s' % (label, ':'.join(map(lambda x: '%02x' % x, mac)))) + print_mac("MAC", mac) + + +def chip_id(esp, args): + try: + chipid = esp.chip_id() + print('Chip ID: 0x%08x' % chipid) + except NotSupportedError: + print('Warning: %s has no Chip ID. Reading MAC instead.' % esp.CHIP_NAME) + read_mac(esp, args) + + +def erase_flash(esp, args): + print('Erasing flash (this may take a while)...') + t = time.time() + esp.erase_flash() + print('Chip erase completed successfully in %.1fs' % (time.time() - t)) + + +def erase_region(esp, args): + print('Erasing region (may be slow depending on size)...') + t = time.time() + esp.erase_region(args.address, args.size) + print('Erase completed successfully in %.1f seconds.' % (time.time() - t)) + + +def run(esp, args): + esp.run() + + +def flash_id(esp, args): + flash_id = esp.flash_id() + print('Manufacturer: %02x' % (flash_id & 0xff)) + flid_lowbyte = (flash_id >> 16) & 0xFF + print('Device: %02x%02x' % ((flash_id >> 8) & 0xff, flid_lowbyte)) + print('Detected flash size: %s' % (DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES.get(flid_lowbyte, "Unknown"))) + + +def read_flash(esp, args): + if args.no_progress: + flash_progress = None + else: + def flash_progress(progress, length): + msg = '%d (%d %%)' % (progress, progress * 100.0 / length) + padding = '\b' * len(msg) + if progress == length: + padding = '\n' + sys.stdout.write(msg + padding) + sys.stdout.flush() + t = time.time() + data = esp.read_flash(args.address, args.size, flash_progress) + t = time.time() - t + print('\rRead %d bytes at 0x%x in %.1f seconds (%.1f kbit/s)...' + % (len(data), args.address, t, len(data) / t * 8 / 1000)) + with open(args.filename, 'wb') as f: + f.write(data) + + +def verify_flash(esp, args): + differences = False + + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + image = pad_to(argfile.read(), 4) + argfile.seek(0) # rewind in case we need it again + + image = _update_image_flash_params(esp, address, args, image) + + image_size = len(image) + print('Verifying 0x%x (%d) bytes @ 0x%08x in flash against %s...' % (image_size, image_size, address, argfile.name)) + # Try digest first, only read if there are differences. + digest = esp.flash_md5sum(address, image_size) + expected_digest = hashlib.md5(image).hexdigest() + if digest == expected_digest: + print('-- verify OK (digest matched)') + continue + else: + differences = True + if getattr(args, 'diff', 'no') != 'yes': + print('-- verify FAILED (digest mismatch)') + continue + + flash = esp.read_flash(address, image_size) + assert flash != image + diff = [i for i in range(image_size) if flash[i] != image[i]] + print('-- verify FAILED: %d differences, first @ 0x%08x' % (len(diff), address + diff[0])) + for d in diff: + flash_byte = flash[d] + image_byte = image[d] + if PYTHON2: + flash_byte = ord(flash_byte) + image_byte = ord(image_byte) + print(' %08x %02x %02x' % (address + d, flash_byte, image_byte)) + if differences: + raise FatalError("Verify failed.") + + +def read_flash_status(esp, args): + print('Status value: 0x%04x' % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + + +def write_flash_status(esp, args): + fmt = "0x%%0%dx" % (args.bytes * 2) + args.value = args.value & ((1 << (args.bytes * 8)) - 1) + print(('Initial flash status: ' + fmt) % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + print(('Setting flash status: ' + fmt) % args.value) + esp.write_status(args.value, args.bytes, args.non_volatile) + print(('After flash status: ' + fmt) % esp.read_status(args.bytes)) + + +def version(args): + print(__version__) + +# +# End of operations functions +# + + +def main(custom_commandline=None): + """ + Main function for esptool + + custom_commandline - Optional override for default arguments parsing (that uses sys.argv), can be a list of custom arguments + as strings. + """ + parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='esptool.py v%s - ESP8266 ROM Bootloader Utility' % __version__, prog='esptool') + + parser.add_argument('--chip', '-c', + help='Target chip type', + choices=['auto', 'esp8266', 'esp32'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_CHIP', 'auto')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--port', '-p', + help='Serial port device', + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_PORT', None)) + + parser.add_argument( + '--baud', '-b', + help='Serial port baud rate used when flashing/reading', + type=arg_auto_int, + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_BAUD', ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD)) + + parser.add_argument( + '--before', + help='What to do before connecting to the chip', + choices=['default_reset', 'no_reset', 'no_reset_no_sync'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_BEFORE', 'default_reset')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--after', '-a', + help='What to do after esptool.py is finished', + choices=['hard_reset', 'soft_reset', 'no_reset'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_AFTER', 'hard_reset')) + + parser.add_argument( + '--no-stub', + help="Disable launching the flasher stub, only talk to ROM bootloader. Some features will not be available.", + action='store_true') + + parser.add_argument( + '--trace', '-t', + help="Enable trace-level output of esptool.py interactions.", + action='store_true') + + parser.add_argument( + '--override-vddsdio', + help="Override ESP32 VDDSDIO internal voltage regulator (use with care)", + choices=ESP32ROM.OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES, + nargs='?') + + subparsers = parser.add_subparsers( + dest='operation', + help='Run esptool {command} -h for additional help') + + def add_spi_connection_arg(parent): + parent.add_argument('--spi-connection', '-sc', help='ESP32-only argument. Override default SPI Flash connection. ' + + 'Value can be SPI, HSPI or a comma-separated list of 5 I/O numbers to use for SPI flash (CLK,Q,D,HD,CS).', + action=SpiConnectionAction) + + parser_load_ram = subparsers.add_parser( + 'load_ram', + help='Download an image to RAM and execute') + parser_load_ram.add_argument('filename', help='Firmware image') + + parser_dump_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'dump_mem', + help='Dump arbitrary memory to disk') + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('address', help='Base address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to dump', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_dump_mem.add_argument('filename', help='Name of binary dump') + + parser_read_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_mem', + help='Read arbitrary memory location') + parser_read_mem.add_argument('address', help='Address to read', type=arg_auto_int) + + parser_write_mem = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_mem', + help='Read-modify-write to arbitrary memory location') + parser_write_mem.add_argument('address', help='Address to write', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_write_mem.add_argument('value', help='Value', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_write_mem.add_argument('mask', help='Mask of bits to write', type=arg_auto_int) + + def add_spi_flash_subparsers(parent, is_elf2image): + """ Add common parser arguments for SPI flash properties """ + extra_keep_args = [] if is_elf2image else ['keep'] + auto_detect = not is_elf2image + + parent.add_argument('--flash_freq', '-ff', help='SPI Flash frequency', + choices=extra_keep_args + ['40m', '26m', '20m', '80m'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FF', '40m' if is_elf2image else 'keep')) + parent.add_argument('--flash_mode', '-fm', help='SPI Flash mode', + choices=extra_keep_args + ['qio', 'qout', 'dio', 'dout'], + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FM', 'qio' if is_elf2image else 'keep')) + parent.add_argument('--flash_size', '-fs', help='SPI Flash size in MegaBytes (1MB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16M)' + ' plus ESP8266-only (256KB, 512KB, 2MB-c1, 4MB-c1)', + action=FlashSizeAction, auto_detect=auto_detect, + default=os.environ.get('ESPTOOL_FS', 'detect' if auto_detect else '1MB')) + add_spi_connection_arg(parent) + + parser_write_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_flash', + help='Write a binary blob to flash') + + parser_write_flash.add_argument('addr_filename', metavar='
', help='Address followed by binary filename, separated by space', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--erase-all', '-e', + help='Erase all regions of flash (not just write areas) before programming', + action="store_true") + + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_write_flash, is_elf2image=False) + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--no-progress', '-p', help='Suppress progress output', action="store_true") + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--verify', help='Verify just-written data on flash ' + + '(mostly superfluous, data is read back during flashing)', action='store_true') + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--encrypt', help='Encrypt before write ', + action='store_true') + parser_write_flash.add_argument('--ignore-flash-encryption-efuse-setting', help='Ignore flash encryption efuse settings ', + action='store_true') + + compress_args = parser_write_flash.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False) + compress_args.add_argument('--compress', '-z', help='Compress data in transfer (default unless --no-stub is specified)',action="store_true", default=None) + compress_args.add_argument('--no-compress', '-u', help='Disable data compression during transfer (default if --no-stub is specified)',action="store_true") + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'run', + help='Run application code in flash') + + parser_image_info = subparsers.add_parser( + 'image_info', + help='Dump headers from an application image') + parser_image_info.add_argument('filename', help='Image file to parse') + + parser_make_image = subparsers.add_parser( + 'make_image', + help='Create an application image from binary files') + parser_make_image.add_argument('output', help='Output image file') + parser_make_image.add_argument('--segfile', '-f', action='append', help='Segment input file') + parser_make_image.add_argument('--segaddr', '-a', action='append', help='Segment base address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_make_image.add_argument('--entrypoint', '-e', help='Address of entry point', type=arg_auto_int, default=0) + + parser_elf2image = subparsers.add_parser( + 'elf2image', + help='Create an application image from ELF file') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('input', help='Input ELF file') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--output', '-o', help='Output filename prefix (for version 1 image), or filename (for version 2 single image)', type=str) + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--version', '-e', help='Output image version', choices=['1','2'], default='1') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--secure-pad', action='store_true', help='Pad image so once signed it will end on a 64KB boundary. For ESP32 images only.') + parser_elf2image.add_argument('--elf-sha256-offset', help='If set, insert SHA256 hash (32 bytes) of the input ELF file at specified offset in the binary.', + type=arg_auto_int, default=None) + + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_elf2image, is_elf2image=True) + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_mac', + help='Read MAC address from OTP ROM') + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'chip_id', + help='Read Chip ID from OTP ROM') + + parser_flash_id = subparsers.add_parser( + 'flash_id', + help='Read SPI flash manufacturer and device ID') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_flash_id) + + parser_read_status = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_flash_status', + help='Read SPI flash status register') + + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_read_status) + parser_read_status.add_argument('--bytes', help='Number of bytes to read (1-3)', type=int, choices=[1,2,3], default=2) + + parser_write_status = subparsers.add_parser( + 'write_flash_status', + help='Write SPI flash status register') + + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_write_status) + parser_write_status.add_argument('--non-volatile', help='Write non-volatile bits (use with caution)', action='store_true') + parser_write_status.add_argument('--bytes', help='Number of status bytes to write (1-3)', type=int, choices=[1,2,3], default=2) + parser_write_status.add_argument('value', help='New value', type=arg_auto_int) + + parser_read_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'read_flash', + help='Read SPI flash content') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_read_flash) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('address', help='Start address', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to dump', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_read_flash.add_argument('filename', help='Name of binary dump') + parser_read_flash.add_argument('--no-progress', '-p', help='Suppress progress output', action="store_true") + + parser_verify_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'verify_flash', + help='Verify a binary blob against flash') + parser_verify_flash.add_argument('addr_filename', help='Address and binary file to verify there, separated by space', + action=AddrFilenamePairAction) + parser_verify_flash.add_argument('--diff', '-d', help='Show differences', + choices=['no', 'yes'], default='no') + add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_verify_flash, is_elf2image=False) + + parser_erase_flash = subparsers.add_parser( + 'erase_flash', + help='Perform Chip Erase on SPI flash') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_flash) + + parser_erase_region = subparsers.add_parser( + 'erase_region', + help='Erase a region of the flash') + add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_region) + parser_erase_region.add_argument('address', help='Start address (must be multiple of 4096)', type=arg_auto_int) + parser_erase_region.add_argument('size', help='Size of region to erase (must be multiple of 4096)', type=arg_auto_int) + + subparsers.add_parser( + 'version', help='Print esptool version') + + # internal sanity check - every operation matches a module function of the same name + for operation in subparsers.choices.keys(): + assert operation in globals(), "%s should be a module function" % operation + + expand_file_arguments() + + args = parser.parse_args(custom_commandline) + + print('esptool.py v%s' % __version__) + + # operation function can take 1 arg (args), 2 args (esp, arg) + # or be a member function of the ESPLoader class. + + if args.operation is None: + parser.print_help() + sys.exit(1) + + operation_func = globals()[args.operation] + + if PYTHON2: + # This function is depreciated in Python3 + operation_args = inspect.getargspec(operation_func).args + else: + operation_args = inspect.getfullargspec(operation_func).args + + if operation_args[0] == 'esp': # operation function takes an ESPLoader connection object + if args.before != "no_reset_no_sync": + initial_baud = min(ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD, args.baud) # don't sync faster than the default baud rate + else: + initial_baud = args.baud + + if args.port is None: + ser_list = sorted(ports.device for ports in list_ports.comports()) + print("Found %d serial ports" % len(ser_list)) + else: + ser_list = [args.port] + esp = None + for each_port in reversed(ser_list): + print("Serial port %s" % each_port) + try: + if args.chip == 'auto': + esp = ESPLoader.detect_chip(each_port, initial_baud, args.before, args.trace) + else: + chip_class = { + 'esp8266': ESP8266ROM, + 'esp32': ESP32ROM, + }[args.chip] + esp = chip_class(each_port, initial_baud, args.trace) + esp.connect(args.before) + break + except (FatalError, OSError) as err: + if args.port is not None: + raise + print("%s failed to connect: %s" % (each_port, err)) + esp = None + if esp is None: + raise FatalError("All of the %d available serial ports could not connect to a Espressif device." % len(ser_list)) + + print("Chip is %s" % (esp.get_chip_description())) + + print("Features: %s" % ", ".join(esp.get_chip_features())) + + read_mac(esp, args) + + if not args.no_stub: + esp = esp.run_stub() + + if args.override_vddsdio: + esp.override_vddsdio(args.override_vddsdio) + + if args.baud > initial_baud: + try: + esp.change_baud(args.baud) + except NotImplementedInROMError: + print("WARNING: ROM doesn't support changing baud rate. Keeping initial baud rate %d" % initial_baud) + + # override common SPI flash parameter stuff if configured to do so + if hasattr(args, "spi_connection") and args.spi_connection is not None: + if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32": + raise FatalError("Chip %s does not support --spi-connection option." % esp.CHIP_NAME) + print("Configuring SPI flash mode...") + esp.flash_spi_attach(args.spi_connection) + elif args.no_stub: + print("Enabling default SPI flash mode...") + # ROM loader doesn't enable flash unless we explicitly do it + esp.flash_spi_attach(0) + + if hasattr(args, "flash_size"): + print("Configuring flash size...") + detect_flash_size(esp, args) + esp.flash_set_parameters(flash_size_bytes(args.flash_size)) + + try: + operation_func(esp, args) + finally: + try: # Clean up AddrFilenamePairAction files + for address, argfile in args.addr_filename: + argfile.close() + except AttributeError: + pass + + # Handle post-operation behaviour (reset or other) + if operation_func == load_ram: + # the ESP is now running the loaded image, so let it run + print('Exiting immediately.') + elif args.after == 'hard_reset': + print('Hard resetting via RTS pin...') + esp.hard_reset() + elif args.after == 'soft_reset': + print('Soft resetting...') + # flash_finish will trigger a soft reset + esp.soft_reset(False) + else: + print('Staying in bootloader.') + if esp.IS_STUB: + esp.soft_reset(True) # exit stub back to ROM loader + + esp._port.close() + + else: + operation_func(args) + + +def expand_file_arguments(): + """ Any argument starting with "@" gets replaced with all values read from a text file. + Text file arguments can be split by newline or by space. + Values are added "as-is", as if they were specified in this order on the command line. + """ + new_args = [] + expanded = False + for arg in sys.argv: + if arg.startswith("@"): + expanded = True + with open(arg[1:],"r") as f: + for line in f.readlines(): + new_args += shlex.split(line) + else: + new_args.append(arg) + if expanded: + print("esptool.py %s" % (" ".join(new_args[1:]))) + sys.argv = new_args + + +class FlashSizeAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom flash size parser class to support backwards compatibility with megabit size arguments. + + (At next major relase, remove deprecated sizes and this can become a 'normal' choices= argument again.) + """ + def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, nargs=1, auto_detect=False, **kwargs): + super(FlashSizeAction, self).__init__(option_strings, dest, nargs, **kwargs) + self._auto_detect = auto_detect + + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None): + try: + value = { + '2m': '256KB', + '4m': '512KB', + '8m': '1MB', + '16m': '2MB', + '32m': '4MB', + '16m-c1': '2MB-c1', + '32m-c1': '4MB-c1', + }[values[0]] + print("WARNING: Flash size arguments in megabits like '%s' are deprecated." % (values[0])) + print("Please use the equivalent size '%s'." % (value)) + print("Megabit arguments may be removed in a future release.") + except KeyError: + value = values[0] + + known_sizes = dict(ESP8266ROM.FLASH_SIZES) + known_sizes.update(ESP32ROM.FLASH_SIZES) + if self._auto_detect: + known_sizes['detect'] = 'detect' + if value not in known_sizes: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a known flash size. Known sizes: %s' % (value, ", ".join(known_sizes.keys()))) + setattr(namespace, self.dest, value) + + +class SpiConnectionAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom action to parse 'spi connection' override. Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers separated by commas. + """ + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None): + if value.upper() == "SPI": + value = 0 + elif value.upper() == "HSPI": + value = 1 + elif "," in value: + values = value.split(",") + if len(values) != 5: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid list of comma-separate pin numbers. Must be 5 numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.' % value) + try: + values = tuple(int(v,0) for v in values) + except ValueError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid argument. All pins must be numeric values' % values) + if any([v for v in values if v > 33 or v < 0]): + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, 'Pin numbers must be in the range 0-33.') + # encode the pin numbers as a 32-bit integer with packed 6-bit values, the same way ESP32 ROM takes them + # TODO: make this less ESP32 ROM specific somehow... + clk,q,d,hd,cs = values + value = (hd << 24) | (cs << 18) | (d << 12) | (q << 6) | clk + else: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, '%s is not a valid spi-connection value. ' + + 'Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers CLK,Q,D,HD,CS).' % value) + setattr(namespace, self.dest, value) + + +class AddrFilenamePairAction(argparse.Action): + """ Custom parser class for the address/filename pairs passed as arguments """ + def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, nargs='+', **kwargs): + super(AddrFilenamePairAction, self).__init__(option_strings, dest, nargs, **kwargs) + + def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None): + # validate pair arguments + pairs = [] + for i in range(0,len(values),2): + try: + address = int(values[i],0) + except ValueError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self,'Address "%s" must be a number' % values[i]) + try: + argfile = open(values[i + 1], 'rb') + except IOError as e: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, e) + except IndexError: + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self,'Must be pairs of an address and the binary filename to write there') + pairs.append((address, argfile)) + + # Sort the addresses and check for overlapping + end = 0 + for address, argfile in sorted(pairs): + argfile.seek(0,2) # seek to end + size = argfile.tell() + argfile.seek(0) + sector_start = address & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) + sector_end = ((address + size + ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1) & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)) - 1 + if sector_start < end: + message = 'Detected overlap at address: 0x%x for file: %s' % (address, argfile.name) + raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, message) + end = sector_end + setattr(namespace, self.dest, pairs) + + +# Binary stub code (see flasher_stub dir for source & details) +ESP8266ROM.STUB_CODE = eval(zlib.decompress(base64.b64decode(b""" +eNrNPXt/00a2X8WSQ0iCoRpJ1iMNxXaCeRS2ATYBdtNtpJEE5ZZuYvzbUJZ+96vzmhnJDoG+7v0j1CNpZs6c9zlzZvrf68v6/fL67qC8fvK+yE7eq+DkfRBM2n/Uyfumgb/5HB51/7L2r6nvfHd/+qDtF7d/JXx6\ +p32ruVHfoc8yp1vTftnkMMuEvqQXp70J1Prfyh2poT8DkO7ORDP0oLadJmuXc/I+1zd4HUUgv9pprzsDxw7UZkCGpIOJXkOGKzvY6iBosO3A2hIjqxCsFw6AQCPTO4dG7TRyg/jYeQOdVWmHLoKTRQ85mQHhZCk/\ 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+cGtmW+LDzqWR8qW+J3dM0sz4NaWqO0DL99W6762fZ/pQvRQ2r48GeGnxD++WxQKuLlZBGmdxmsZx+6b+ebn4xX2YtQ+rYlnIHccmR4E6ZOxsmTkbAlRwwn+IiuccEeA1rdppVKHTwBx3yg081CtvIGjkN3t8FgM7\ +hE6j0wFSKLW5Kjmm+A4bKI/Fuj5O4weasv94j9gcH0N9c41HvibfmV+Xj0je7/rPMF8lty6jwlTUWFJIRZgqnQZeBRpfOeXljZoPDq++wajboDEl/6VtfG8ocMPpCsd6DJ5xi0PIUSjzJnVHDL4c2N/ZGBpAXppf\ +U2cNKzsn/ax0/5ad3jna7glLt2KI6s46rd7V0ao3Nx4gc+1n4F6jaxudGwmLXjqnN6ZWay4IV73v+5eGh7121GvHvXbSa2e9tu62VQ8e1fl+4DY6X7o3j6vT1R2vP+1PXdEOv5CHruKpq3is306uaKdXtLNPtpef\ +aP38iVb3avJ1bf3J9uJTsnPl35fKbfJFOFp+wbr7kDdXaIEe5KoHiephUXXGG7qNG26jM2znYNu+23jmNjoEedfTND04i15b99p1tEZK1F8oxX+2Fvi9WuL3apHfq2V+rxa6qv2FfyqwyTQjgSlKHp01HbOkxWYL\ +ZcFY47yGkTR1+f8YY3Wl19nrdZ3kKA3bkDP79X8BZBZfEg==\ +"""))) + +ESP32ROM.STUB_CODE = eval(zlib.decompress(base64.b64decode(b""" +eNqNWntX3DYW/yrGCQxQ6JFsj0dmT8uj6YQk3d2QbghJZ0/Hlm0I27ApnRPIabqffXVfkjwzbPcPQNbz6j5+9yF+Hy26+8XoIGlGs/veJO5XcQgtha3yeHavXLPS7rN1P/3s3qqEOo2ZLdxvaKnH56c0ijPr/2em\ 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+Ub0kj4ZSNyDBSh9XHKtilYNO9jdgORDZmF8lAiBDayrolUCj4ffBGl6DasO1OpiLYMjRQw1w3PD7KHZgTehj2BUrRzVRhy8ywuI2vP7g61bJIB+Vnolhm7/EjPrMMRZkbOU9CNfeUbwx6THwuONAqbyjciZoA5ai\ +vS+b7PwIUvpWxHsO4Vq/jUS8khvLO/mKK/C+bufHKddDO//uNzqnl5AatfjTGgjSraDgxzUKrn9b7QTFrHDV1YTtFUvPXBS/+TOcu1qd0DHQSVJQRYBFoS8svF5DoOgmv7NBsIbSMo4XHe6yPRtdTeZYpQgv/U1B\ +EgaWgrrY8so/8giUUivbvJMaWhzjY5gCZZt8yo8xvbmDG16Ct3kDOz9lB0KY7AMeLF4NrvGBE/ObOT9xqnLuIWkU18ZerPEPVrznW/F/eON1tSh6+QA+lxeYRlSSQ7y5goNQLbMNSDG69yEUlIeaSo+jYM5czRZe\ +MefbQPkHXK550wpfnau4FEbTYNdnnlhU8xSi/Om/aOX6RzDvJnzGsc1oypaJYZvNAqsxjojDWPQN+RcqENIpWxxpjbdSbpWh1j54uVU7j+Qs2MamXDDFBXHU31qMaqr4H8pw7j5X+KLr+RPaLwSi/jLNYGkaCAnL\ +ecmQXaO9BP/h7+ffFvUt/NufVpMir3JljBvpbha3n31nUUwy19nWi5r/PzCq2o94JN4on+RlqbM//gt1kVkF\ +"""))) + + +def _main(): + try: + main() + except FatalError as e: + print('\nA fatal error occurred: %s' % e) + sys.exit(2) + + +if __name__ == '__main__': + _main() diff --git a/flash_USB0.sh b/flash_USB0.sh new file mode 100644 index 0000000..73fb341 --- /dev/null +++ b/flash_USB0.sh @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +python esptool.py --chip esp32 --port /dev/ttyUSB0 --baud 921600 --before default_reset --after hard_reset \ +write_flash -u --flash_mode dio --flash_freq 40m --flash_size detect 0x1000 \ +build/bootloader/bootloader.bin 0x10000 build/app-template.bin 0x8000 build/partitions.bin