This guide shows how to get started with the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit development board and also provides information about its functionality and configuration options.
The :ref:`ESP32-Ethernet-Kit <get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-v1.1>` is an Ethernet-to-Wi-Fi development board that enables Ethernet devices to be interconnected over Wi-Fi. At the same time, to provide more flexible power supply options, the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit also supports power over Ethernet (PoE).
ESP32-Ethernet-Kit is an ESP32-based development board produced by `Espressif <https://espressif.com>`_.
It consists of two development boards, the Ethernet board A and the PoE board B. The :ref:`Ethernet board (A) <get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-a-v1.1-layout>` contains Bluetooth / Wi-Fi dual-mode ESP32-WROVER-B module and IP101GRI, a Single Port 10/100 Fast Ethernet Transceiver (PHY). The `PoE board (B)`_ provides power over Ethernet functionality. The A board can work independently, without the board B installed.
For the application loading and monitoring, the Ethernet board (A) also features FTDI FT2232H chip - an advanced multi-interface USB bridge. This chip enables to use JTAG for direct debugging of ESP32 through the USB interface without a separate JTAG debugger.
Functionality Overview
----------------------
The block diagram below shows the main components of ESP32-Ethernet-Kit and their interconnections.
- This ESP32 module features 64-Mbit PSRAM for flexible extended storage and data processing capabilities.
* - GPIO Header 2
- Five unpopulated through-hole solder pads to provide access to selected GPIOs of ESP32. For details, see `GPIO Header 2`_.
* - Function Switch
- A 4-bit DIP switch used to configure the functionality of selected GPIOs of ESP32. Please note that placement of GPIO pin number marking on the board's silkscreen besides the DIP switch is incorrect. For details and correct pin allocation see `Function Switch`_.
* - Tx/Rx LEDs
- Two LEDs to show the status of UART transmission.
* - FT2232H
- The FT2232H chip serves as a multi-protocol USB-to-serial bridge which can be programmed and controlled via USB to provide communication with ESP32. FT2232H also features USB-to-JTAG interface which is available on channel A of the chip, while USB-to-serial is on channel B. The FT2232H chip enhances user-friendliness in terms of application development and debugging. See `ESP32-Ethernet-Kit V1.1 Ethernet board (A) schematic`_.
* - USB Port
- USB interface. Power supply for the board as well as the communication interface between a computer and the board.
* - Power Switch
- Power On/Off Switch. Toggling the switch to **5V0** position powers the board on, toggling to **GND** position powers the board off.
* - 5V Input
- The 5 V power supply interface can be more convenient when the board is operating autonomously (not connected to a computer).
* - 5V Power On LED
- This red LED turns on when power is supplied to the board, either from USB or 5 V Input.
* - DC/DC Converter
- Provided DC 5 V to 3.3 V conversion, output current up to 2 A.
* - Board B Connectors
- A pair male and female header pins for mounting the `PoE board (B)`_.
* - IP101GRI (PHY)
- The physical layer (PHY) connection to the Ethernet cable is implemented using the `IP101GRI <http://www.bdtic.com/DataSheet/ICplus/IP101G_DS_R01_20121224.pdf>`_ chip. The connection between PHY and ESP32 is done through the reduced media-independent interface (RMII), a variant of the media-independent interface `(MII) <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media-independent_interface>`_ standard. The PHY supports the IEEE 802.3 / 802.3u standard of 10/100 Mbps.
* - RJ45 Port
- Ethernet network data transmission port.
* - Magnetics Module
- The Magnetics are part of the Ethernet specification to protect against faults and transients, including rejection of common mode signals between the transceiver IC and the cable. The magnetics also provide galvanic isolation between the transceiver and the Ethernet device.
* - Link/Activity LEDs
- Two LEDs (green and red) that respectively indicate the "Link" and "Activity" statuses of the PHY.
* - BOOT Button
- Download button. Holding down **BOOT** and then pressing **EN** initiates Firmware Download mode for downloading firmware through the serial port.
* - EN Button
- Reset button.
* - GPIO Header 1
- This header provides six unpopulated through-hole solder pads connected to spare GPIOs of ESP32. For details, see `GPIO Header 1`_.
This board coverts power delivered over the Ethernet cable (PoE) to provide a power supply for the Ethernet board (A). The main components of the PoE board (B) are shown on the block diagram under `Functionality Overview`_.
The PoE board (B) has the following features:
* Support for IEEE 802.3at
* Power output: 5 V, 1.4 A
To take advantage of the PoE functionality the **RJ45 Port** of the Ethernet board (A) should be connected with an Ethernet cable to a switch that supports PoE. When the Ethernet board (A) detects 5 V power output from the PoE board (B), the USB power will be automatically cut off.
ESP32-Ethernet-Kit - PoE board (B) layout (click to enlarge)
..list-table:: Table PoE board (B)
:widths:40 150
:header-rows:1
* - Key Component
- Description
* - Board A Connector
- Four female (left) and four male (right) header pins for connecting the PoE board (B) to :ref:`Ethernet board (A) <get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-a-v1.1-layout>`. The pins on the left accept power coming from a PoE switch. The pins on the right deliver 5 V power supply to the Ethernet board (A).
* - External Power Terminals
- Optional power supply (26.6 ~ 54 V) to the PoE board (B).
This section describes options to configure the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit hardware.
Function Switch
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When in On position, this DIP switch is routing listed GPIOs to FT2232H to provide JTAG functionality. When in Off position, the GPIOs may be used for other purposes.
======= ================
DIP SW GPIO Pin
======= ================
1 GPIO13
2 GPIO12
3 GPIO15
4 GPIO14
======= ================
..note::
Placement of GPIO pin number marking on the board's silkscreen besides the DIP switch is incorrect. Please use instead the pin order as in the table above.
RMII Clock Selection
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The ethernet MAC and PHY under RMII working mode need a common 50 MHz reference clock (i.e. RMII clock) that can be provided either externally, or generated from internal ESP32 APLL.
..note::
For additional information on the RMII clock selection, please refer to `ESP32-Ethernet-Kit V1.1 Ethernet board (A) schematic`_, sheet 2, location D2.
By default, the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit is configured to provide RMII clock for the IP101GRI PHY's 50M_CLKO output. The clock signal is generated by the frequency multiplication of 25 MHz crystal connected to the PHY. For details, please see the figure below.
Please note that the PHY is reset on power up by pulling the RESET_N signal down with a resistor. ESP32 should assert RESET_N high with GPIO5 to enable PHY. Only this can ensure the power-up of system. Otherwise ESP32 may enter download mode (when the clock signal of REF_CLK_50M is at a high logic level during the GPIO0 power-up sampling phase).
Another option is to source the RMII Clock from internal ESP32 APLL, see figure below. The clock signal coming from GPIO0 is first inverted, to account for transmission line delay, and then supplied to the PHY.
To implement this option, users need to remove or add some RC components on the board. For details please refer to `ESP32-Ethernet-Kit V1.1 Ethernet board (A) schematic`_, sheet 2, location D2. Please note that if the APLL is already used for other purposes (e.g. I2S peripheral), then you have no choice but use an external RMII clock.
GPIO Allocation
---------------
This section describes allocation of ESP32 GPIOs to specific interfaces or functions of the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit.
IP101GRI (PHY) Interface
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The allocation of the ESP32 (MAC) pins to IP101GRI (PHY) is shown in the table below. Implementation of ESP32-Ethernet-Kit defaults to Reduced Media-Independent Interface (RMII).
==== ================ ===============
. ESP32 Pin (MAC) IP101GRI (PHY)
==== ================ ===============
*RMII Interface*
---------------------------------------
1 GPIO21 TX_EN
2 GPIO19 TXD[0]
3 GPIO22 TXD[1]
4 GPIO25 RXD[0]
5 GPIO26 RXD[1]
6 GPIO27 CRS_DV
7 GPIO0 REF_CLK
---- ---------------- ---------------
*Serial Management Interface*
---------------------------------------
8 GPIO23 MDC
9 GPIO18 MDIO
---- ---------------- ---------------
*PHY Reset*
---------------------------------------
10 GPIO5 Reset_N
==== ================ ===============
..note::
Except for REF_CLK, the allocation of all pins under the ESP32's *RMII Interface* is fixed and cannot be changed either through IOMUX or GPIO Matrix.
GPIO Header 1
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This header exposes some GPIOs that are not used elsewhere on the ESP32-Ethernet-Kit.
==== ================
. ESP32 Pin
==== ================
1 GPIO32
2 GPIO33
3 GPIO34
4 GPIO35
5 GPIO36
6 GPIO39
==== ================
GPIO Header 2
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This header contains GPIOs that may be used for other purposes depending on scenarios described in column "Comments".
==== ========== ====================
. ESP32 Pin Comments
==== ========== ====================
1 GPIO17 See note 1
2 GPIO16 See note 1
3 GPIO4
4 GPIO2
5 GPIO13 See note 2
6 GPIO12 See note 2
7 GPIO15 See note 2
8 GPIO14 See note 2
9 GND Ground
10 3V3 3.3 V power supply
==== ========== ====================
..note::
1. The ESP32 pins GPIO16 and GPIO17 are not broken out to the ESP32-WROVER-B module and therefore not available for use. If you need to use these pins, please solder a module without PSRAM memory inside, e.g. the ESP32-WROOM-32D or ESP32-SOLO-1.
2. Functionality depends on the settings of the `Function Switch`_.
1. To prevent the power-on state of the GPIO0 from being affected by the clock output on the PHY side, the RESET_N signal to PHY defaults to low, turning the clock output off. After power-on you can control RESET_N with GPIO5 to turn the clock output on. See also `RMII Clock Sourced Externally by PHY`_. For PHYs that cannot turn off the clock output through RESET_N, it is recommended to use a crystal module that can be disabled / enabled externally. Similarly like when using RESET_N, the oscillator module should be disabled by default and turned on by ESP32 after power-up. For a reference design please see `ESP32-Ethernet-Kit V1.1 Ethernet board (A) schematic`_.
2. The ESP32 pins GPIO16 and GPIO17 are not broken out to the ESP32-WROVER-B module and therefore not available for use. If you need to use these pins, please solder a module without PSRAM memory inside, e.g. the ESP32-WROOM-32D or ESP32-SOLO-1.
Start Application Development
-----------------------------
Before powering up your ESP32-Ethernet-Kit, please make sure that the board is in good condition with no obvious signs of damage.
1. Set the **Function Switch** on the :ref:`Ethernet board (A) <get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-a-v1.1-layout>` to its default position by turning all the switches to **ON**.
2. To simplify flashing and testing of the application, do not input extra signals to the board headers.
3. The `PoE board (B)`_ can now be plugged in, but do not connect external power to it.
4. Connect the :ref:`Ethernet board (A) <get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-a-v1.1-layout>` to the PC with a USB cable.
5. Turn the **Power Switch** from GND to 5V0 position, the **5V Power On LED** should light up.
Now to Development
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Proceed to :doc:`../../get-started/index`, where Section :ref:`get-started-step-by-step` will quickly help you set up the development environment and then flash an example project onto your board.
Move on to the next section only if you have successfully completed all the above steps.
Configure and Load the Ethernet Example
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
After setting up the development environment and testing the board, you can configure and flash the :example:`ethernet/basic` example. This example has been created for testing Ethernet functionality. It supports different PHY, including **IP101GRI** installed on :ref:`get-started-esp32-ethernet-kit-v1.1`.
Summary of Changes from ESP32-Ethernet-Kit V1.0
-----------------------------------------------
* The original inverted clock provided to the PHY by ESP32 using GPIO0 has been replaced by a clock generated on PHY side. The PHY's clock is connected to the ESP32 with same GPIO0. The GPIO2 which was originally used to control the active crystal oscillator on the PHY side, can now be used for other purposes.
* On power up, the ESP32 boot strapping pin GPIO0 may be affected by clock generated on the PHY side. To resolve this issue the PHY's Reset-N signal is pulled low using resistor R17 and effectively turning off the PHY's clock output. The Reset-N signal can be then pulled high by ESP32 using GPIO5.
* Removed FT2232H chip's external SPI Flash U6.
* Removed flow control jumper header J4.
* Removed nTRST JTAG signal. The corresponding GPIO4 can now be used for other purposes.
* Pull-up resistor R68 on the GPIO15 line is moved to the MTDO side of JTAG.
* To make the A and B board connections more foolproof (reduce chances of plugging in the B board in reverse orientation), the original two 4-pin male rows on board A were changed to one 4-pin female row and one 4-pin male row. Corresponding male and female 4-pins rows were installed on board B.
