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< html xmlns = \ " http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml \" xml:lang= \" en \" > \n \
< head > \ n \
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< meta http - equiv = \ " Content-Type \" content= \" application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8 \" /> \n \
< meta name = \ " generator \" content= \" AsciiDoc 8.6.6 \" /> \n \
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< title > Beginners ' Guide to Fldigi < / title > \ n \
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< style type = \ " text/css \" > \n \
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body { \ n \
font - family : Georgia , serif ; \ n \
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h1 , h2 , h3 , h4 , h5 , h6 , \ n \
div . title , caption . title , \ n \
thead , p . table . header , \ n \
# toctitle,\n\
# author, #revnumber, #revdate, #revremark,\n\
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font - family : Arial , Helvetica , sans - serif ; \ n \
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body { \ n \
margin : 1 em 5 % 1 em 5 % ; \ n \
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a { \ n \
color : blue ; \ n \
text - decoration : underline ; \ n \
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a : visited { \ n \
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em { \ n \
font - style : italic ; \ n \
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h1 , h2 , h3 { \ n \
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h2 { \ n \
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h3 { \ n \
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h5 { \ n \
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hr { \ n \
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p { \ n \
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ul , ol , li > p { \ n \
margin - top : 0 ; \ n \
} \ n \
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ul > li { color : # aaa ; } \ n \
ul > li > * { color : black ; } \ n \
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pre { \ n \
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float : left ; \ n \
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float : right ; \ n \
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margin - top : 1.5 em ; \ n \
margin - bottom : 1.5 em ; \ n \
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div . imageblock , div . exampleblock , div . verseblock , \ n \
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div . quoteblock , div . literalblock , div . listingblock , div . sidebarblock , \ n \
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margin - bottom : 1.5 em ; \ n \
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margin - bottom : 2.0 em ; \ n \
margin - right : 10 % ; \ n \
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div . content { /* Block element content. */ \ n \
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td div . title : first - child { \ n \
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div . content + div . title { \ n \
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div . sidebarblock > div . content { \ n \
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border : 1 px solid # dddddd ; \ n \
border - left : 4 px solid # f0f0f0 ; \ n \
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padding : 0.5 em ; \ n \
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div . listingblock > div . content { \ n \
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border : 1 px solid # dddddd ; \ n \
border - left : 5 px solid # f0f0f0 ; \ n \
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padding : 0.5 em ; \ n \
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div . quoteblock , div . verseblock { \ n \
padding - left : 1.0 em ; \ n \
margin - left : 1.0 em ; \ n \
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margin - right : 10 % ; \ n \
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} \ n \
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div . quoteblock > div . attribution { \ n \
padding - top : 0.5 em ; \ n \
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text - align : right ; \ n \
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div . verseblock > pre . content { \ n \
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font - size : inherit ; \ n \
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text - align : left ; \ n \
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div . verseblock + div . attribution { \ n \
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div . admonitionblock . icon { \ n \
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font - weight : bold ; \ n \
text - decoration : underline ; \ n \
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padding - right : 0.5 em ; \ n \
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div . admonitionblock td . content { \ n \
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border - left : 3 px solid # dddddd ; \ n \
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div . exampleblock > div . content { \ n \
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border - left : 3 px solid # dddddd ; \ n \
padding - left : 0.5 em ; \ n \
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div . imageblock div . content { padding - left : 0 ; } \ n \
span . image img { border - style : none ; } \ n \
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a . image : visited { color : white ; } \ n \
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ul , ol { \ n \
list - style - position : outside ; \ n \
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list - style - type : decimal ; \ n \
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list - style - type : lower - roman ; \ n \
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ol . upperroman { \ n \
list - style - type : upper - roman ; \ n \
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div . compact ul , div . compact ol , \ n \
div . compact p , div . compact p , \ n \
div . compact div , div . compact div { \ n \
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padding - bottom : 15 px ; \ n \
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dt . hdlist1 . strong , td . hdlist1 . strong { \ n \
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color : navy ; \ n \
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td . hdlist2 { \ n \
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vertical - align : top ; \ n \
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\ n \
# footnotes div.footnote {\n\
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min - width : 100 px ; \ n \
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@ media print { \ n \
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# footer-badges { display: none; }\n\
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# toc {\n\
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margin - bottom : 2.5 em ; \ n \
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\ n \
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span . aqua { color : aqua ; } \ n \
span . black { color : black ; } \ n \
span . blue { color : blue ; } \ n \
span . fuchsia { color : fuchsia ; } \ n \
span . gray { color : gray ; } \ n \
span . green { color : green ; } \ n \
span . lime { color : lime ; } \ n \
span . maroon { color : maroon ; } \ n \
span . navy { color : navy ; } \ n \
span . olive { color : olive ; } \ n \
span . purple { color : purple ; } \ n \
span . red { color : red ; } \ n \
span . silver { color : silver ; } \ n \
span . teal { color : teal ; } \ n \
span . white { color : white ; } \ n \
span . yellow { color : yellow ; } \ n \
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span . aqua - background { background : aqua ; } \ n \
span . black - background { background : black ; } \ n \
span . blue - background { background : blue ; } \ n \
span . fuchsia - background { background : fuchsia ; } \ n \
span . gray - background { background : gray ; } \ n \
span . green - background { background : green ; } \ n \
span . lime - background { background : lime ; } \ n \
span . maroon - background { background : maroon ; } \ n \
span . navy - background { background : navy ; } \ n \
span . olive - background { background : olive ; } \ n \
span . purple - background { background : purple ; } \ n \
span . red - background { background : red ; } \ n \
span . silver - background { background : silver ; } \ n \
span . teal - background { background : teal ; } \ n \
span . white - background { background : white ; } \ n \
span . yellow - background { background : yellow ; } \ n \
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span . big { font - size : 2 em ; } \ n \
span . small { font - size : 0.6 em ; } \ n \
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span . underline { text - decoration : underline ; } \ n \
span . overline { text - decoration : overline ; } \ n \
span . line - through { text - decoration : line - through ; } \ n \
\ n \
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/*\n\
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tt { \ n \
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} \ n \
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\ n \
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p . table { \ n \
margin - top : 0 ; \ n \
} \ n \
/* Because the table frame attribute is overriden by CSS in most browsers. */ \ n \
div . tableblock > table [ frame = \ " void \" ] { \n \
border - style : none ; \ n \
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div . tableblock > table [ frame = \ " hsides \" ] { \n \
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div . tableblock > table [ frame = \ " vsides \" ] { \n \
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border - bottom - style : none ; \ n \
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\ n \
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. monospaced { \ n \
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border - right - style : hidden ; \ n \
} \ n \
table . tableblock . frame - sides { \ n \
border - top - style : hidden ; \ n \
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} \ n \
table . tableblock . frame - none { \ n \
border - style : hidden ; \ n \
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th . tableblock . halign - left , td . tableblock . halign - left { \ n \
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text - align : left ; \ n \
} \ n \
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th . tableblock . halign - center , td . tableblock . halign - center { \ n \
text - align : center ; \ n \
} \ n \
th . tableblock . halign - right , td . tableblock . halign - right { \ n \
text - align : right ; \ n \
} \ n \
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\ n \
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th . tableblock . valign - top , td . tableblock . valign - top { \ n \
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th . tableblock . valign - middle , td . tableblock . valign - middle { \ n \
vertical - align : middle ; \ n \
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} \ n \
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th . tableblock . valign - bottom , td . tableblock . valign - bottom { \ n \
vertical - align : bottom ; \ n \
} \ n \
\ n \
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\ n \
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/*\n\
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* \ n \
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body . manpage h1 { \ n \
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body . manpage h2 { \ n \
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body . manpage div . sectionbody { \ n \
margin - left : 3 em ; \ n \
} \ n \
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@ media print { \ n \
body . manpage div # toc { display : none ; } \ n \
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< / style > \ n \
< script type = \ " text/javascript \" > \n \
/*<![CDATA[*/ \ n \
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var asciidoc = { / / Namespace . \ n \
\ n \
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / \ n \
/ / Table Of Contents generator \ n \
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / \ n \
\ n \
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/* Author: Mihai Bazon, September 2002\n\
* http : / / students . infoiasi . ro / ~ mishoo \ n \
* \ n \
* Table Of Content generator \ n \
* Version : 0.4 \ n \
* \ n \
* Feel free to use this script under the terms of the GNU General Public \ n \
* License , as long as you do not remove or alter this notice . \ n \
*/ \ n \
\ n \
/* modified by Troy D. Hanson, September 2006. License: GPL */ \ n \
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/* modified by Stuart Rackham, 2006, 2009. License: GPL */ \ n \
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\ n \
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/ / toclevels = 1. .4 . \ n \
toc : function ( toclevels ) { \ n \
\ n \
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else if ( i . firstChild ! = null ) \ n \
text + = getText ( i ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
return text ; \ n \
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} \ n \
\ n \
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function TocEntry ( el , text , toclevel ) { \ n \
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this . text = text ; \ n \
this . toclevel = toclevel ; \ n \
} \ n \
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\ n \
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function tocEntries ( el , toclevels ) { \ n \
var result = new Array ; \ n \
var re = new RegExp ( ' [ hH ] ( [ 2 - ' + ( toclevels + 1 ) + ' ] ) ' ) ; \ n \
/ / Function that scans the DOM tree for header elements ( the DOM2 \ n \
/ / nodeIterator API would be a better technique but not supported by all \ n \
/ / browsers ) . \ n \
var iterate = function ( el ) { \ n \
for ( var i = el . firstChild ; i ! = null ; i = i . nextSibling ) { \ n \
if ( i . nodeType = = 1 /* Node.ELEMENT_NODE */ ) { \ n \
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result [ result . length ] = new TocEntry ( i , getText ( i ) , mo [ 1 ] - 1 ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
iterate ( i ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
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} \ n \
} \ n \
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iterate ( el ) ; \ n \
return result ; \ n \
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} \ n \
\ n \
var toc = document . getElementById ( \ " toc \" ); \n \
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if ( ! toc ) { \ n \
return ; \ n \
} \ n \
\ n \
/ / Delete existing TOC entries in case we ' re reloading the TOC . \ n \
var tocEntriesToRemove = [ ] ; \ n \
var i ; \ n \
for ( i = 0 ; i < toc . childNodes . length ; i + + ) { \ n \
var entry = toc . childNodes [ i ] ; \ n \
if ( entry . nodeName = = ' div ' \ n \
& & entry . getAttribute ( \ " class \" ) \n \
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tocEntriesToRemove . push ( entry ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
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toc . removeChild ( tocEntriesToRemove [ i ] ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
\ n \
/ / Rebuild TOC entries . \ n \
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var entries = tocEntries ( document . getElementById ( \ " content \" ), toclevels); \n \
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for ( var i = 0 ; i < entries . length ; + + i ) { \ n \
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entry . element . id = \ " _toc_ \" + i; \n \
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var a = document . createElement ( \ " a \" ); \n \
a . href = \ " # \" + entry.element.id; \n \
a . appendChild ( document . createTextNode ( entry . text ) ) ; \ n \
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div . appendChild ( a ) ; \ n \
div . className = \ " toclevel \" + entry.toclevel; \n \
toc . appendChild ( div ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
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if ( entries . length = = 0 ) \ n \
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toc . parentNode . removeChild ( toc ) ; \ n \
} , \ n \
\ n \
\ n \
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / \ n \
/ / Footnotes generator \ n \
/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / \ n \
\ n \
/* Based on footnote generation code from:\n\
* http : / / www . brandspankingnew . net / archive / 2005 / 07 / format_footnote . html \ n \
*/ \ n \
\ n \
footnotes : function ( ) { \ n \
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/ / Delete existing footnote entries in case we ' re reloading the footnodes . \ n \
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/ / Rebuild footnote entries . \ n \
var cont = document . getElementById ( \ " content \" ); \n \
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var note = spans [ i ] . getAttribute ( \ " data-note \" ); \n \
if ( ! note ) { \ n \
/ / Use [ \ \ s \ \ S ] in place of . so multi - line matches work . \ n \
/ / Because JavaScript has no s ( dotall ) regex flag . \ n \
note = spans [ i ] . innerHTML . match ( / \ \ s * \ \ [ ( [ \ \ s \ \ S ] * ) ] \ \ s */ ) [ 1 ] ; \ n \
spans [ i ] . innerHTML = \ n \
\ " [<a id='_footnoteref_ \" + n + \" ' href='#_footnote_ \" + n + \n \
\ " ' title='View footnote' class='footnote'> \" + n + \" </a>] \" ; \n \
spans [ i ] . setAttribute ( \ " data-note \" , note); \n \
} \ n \
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noteholder . innerHTML + = \ n \
\ " <div class='footnote' id='_footnote_ \" + n + \" '> \" + \n \
\ " <a href='#_footnoteref_ \" + n + \" ' title='Return to text'> \" + \n \
n + \ " </a>. \" + note + \" </div> \" ; \n \
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noteholder . parentNode . removeChild ( noteholder ) ; \ n \
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spans [ i ] . innerHTML = \ n \
\ " [<a href='#_footnote_ \" + n + \n \
\ " ' title='View footnote' class='footnote'> \" + n + \" </a>] \" ; \n \
} \ n \
} \ n \
} \ n \
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} , \ n \
\ n \
install : function ( toclevels ) { \ n \
var timerId ; \ n \
\ n \
function reinstall ( ) { \ n \
asciidoc . footnotes ( ) ; \ n \
if ( toclevels ) { \ n \
asciidoc . toc ( toclevels ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
} \ n \
\ n \
function reinstallAndRemoveTimer ( ) { \ n \
clearInterval ( timerId ) ; \ n \
reinstall ( ) ; \ n \
} \ n \
\ n \
timerId = setInterval ( reinstall , 500 ) ; \ n \
if ( document . addEventListener ) \ n \
document . addEventListener ( \ " DOMContentLoaded \" , reinstallAndRemoveTimer, false); \n \
else \ n \
window . onload = reinstallAndRemoveTimer ; \ n \
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} \ n \
\ n \
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} \ n \
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asciidoc . install ( 1 ) ; \ n \
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/*]]>*/ \ n \
< / script > \ n \
< / head > \ n \
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< body class = \ " article \ " > \n \
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< div id = \ " header \" > \n \
< h1 > Beginners ' Guide to Fldigi < / h1 > \ n \
< div id = \ " toc \" > \n \
< div id = \ " toctitle \" >Table of Contents</div> \n \
< noscript > < p > < b > JavaScript must be enabled in your browser to display the table of contents . < / b > < / p > < / noscript > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div id = \ " content \" > \n \
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< div id = \ " preamble \" > \n \
< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
< div class = \ " sidebarblock \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Of necessity, this Beginners' Guide contains only as much as you need to know to \n \
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get started . You should learn how to make best use of the program by reading the \ n \
< a href = \ " http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp/index.html \" >Online Documentation</a>. You can also access it from within the Fldigi program from the <em>Help</em> \n \
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menu item . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > < / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " sect1 \ " > \n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-beginners-q-a \" >1. Beginners' Questions Answered</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _what_is_fldigi \" >1.1. What is Fldigi?</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p><a href= \" http://www.w1hkj.com/Fldigi.html \" >Fldigi</a> is a computer program intended for Amateur Radio Digital Modes \n \
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operation using a PC ( Personal Computer ) . Fldigi operates ( as does most similar \ n \
software ) in conjunction with a conventional HF SSB radio transceiver , and uses \ n \
the PC sound card as the main means of input from the radio , and output to the \ n \
radio . These are audio - frequency signals . The software also controls the radio \ n \
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by means of another connection , typically a serial port . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Fldigi is multi-mode, which means that it is able to operate many popular \n \
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digital modes without switching programs , so you only have one program to \ n \
learn . Fldigi includes all the popular modes , such as DominoEX , MFSK16 , PSK31 , \ n \
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and RTTY . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Unusually, Fldigi is available for multiple computer operating systems; \n \
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FreeBSD & # 8482 ; ; Linux & # 8482 ; , OS X & # 8482 ; and Windows & # 8482 ; . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _what_is_a_digital_mode \" >1.2. What is a Digital Mode?</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Digital Modes are a means of operating Amateur radio from the computer \n \
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keyboard . The computer acts as < em > modem < / em > ( modulator - demodulator ) , as well as \ n \
allowing you to type , and see what the other person types . It also controls the \ n \
transmitter , changes modes as required , and provides various convenient features \ n \
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such as easy tuning of signals and prearranged messages . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>In this context, we are talking about modes used on the HF (high frequency) \n \
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bands , specifically < em > chat < / em > modes , those used to have a regular conversation in a \ n \
similar way to voice or Morse , where one operator < em > talks < / em > for a minute or two , \ n \
then another does the same . These chat modes allow multiple operators to take \ n \
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part in a < em > net < / em > . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Because of sophisticated digital signal processing which takes place inside the \n \
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computer , digital modes can offer performance that cannot be achieved using \ n \
voice ( and in some cases even Morse ) , through reduced bandwidth , improved \ n \
signal - to - noise performance and reduced transmitter power requirement . Some \ n \
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modes also offer built - in automatic error correction . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Digital Mode operating procedure is not unlike Morse operation, and many of the \n \
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same abbreviations are used . Software such as Fldigi makes this very simple as \ n \
most of the procedural business is set up for you using the Function Keys at the \ n \
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top of the keyboard . These are easy to learn . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _why_all_the_different_modes \" >1.3. Why all the different modes?</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>HF propagation is very dependent on the ionosphere, which reflects the signals \n \
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back to earth . There are strong interactions between different signals arriving \ n \
from different paths . Experience has shown that particular modulation systems , \ n \
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speeds and bandwidths suit different operating conditions . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Other factors such as available band space, operating speed and convenience, \n \
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noise level , signal level and available power also affect the choice of \ n \
mode . While in many cases several different modes might be suitable , having a \ n \
choice adds to the operating pleasure . It is difficult to advise which mode is \ n \
best for each particular occasion , and experience plays an important role . \ n \
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< span class = \ " footnote \ " ><br />[To gain a good insight into each mode and its capabilities, you might \n \
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consider purchasing < em > Digital Modes for All Occasions < / em > ( ISBN 1 - 872309 - 82 - 8 ) by \ n \
Murray Greenman ZL1BPU , published by the RSGB and also available from \ n \
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FUNKAMATEUR and CQ Communications ; or the ARRL & # 8217 ; s < em > HF Digital Handbook < / em > ( ISBN \ n \
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0 - 87259 - 103 - 4 ) by Steve Ford , WB8IMY . ] < br / > < / span > < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _how_do_i_recognise_and_tune_in_the_signals \" >1.4. How do I recognise and tune in the signals?</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Recognising the different modes comes with experience. It is a matter of \n \
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listening to the signal , and observing the appearance of the signal on the \ n \
tuning display . You can also practise transmitting with the transceiver \ n \
disconnected , listening to the sound of the signals coming from the \ n \
computer . There is also ( see later paragraph ) an automatic tuning option which \ n \
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can recognise and tune in most modes for you . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The software provides a tuning display which shows the radio signals that are \n \
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receivable within the transceiver passband . Using a < em > point and click < / em > technique \ n \
with the mouse , you can click on the centre of a signal to select it , and the \ n \
software will tune it in for you . Some modes require more care than others , and \ n \
of course you need to have the software set for the correct mode first — not \ n \
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always so easy ! < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The <a href= \" #ref-rsid \" >RSID</a> (automatic mode detection and tuning) feature uses a \n \
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special sequence of tones transmitted at the beginning of each transmission to \ n \
identify and tune in the signals received . For this feature to work , not only do \ n \
you need to enable the feature in the receiver , but in addition the stations you \ n \
are wishing to tune in need to have this feature enabled on transmission . Other \ n \
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programs also offer this RSID feature as an option . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect1 \ " > \n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-setting-up \" >2. Setting Up</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _fldigi_settings \" >2.1. Fldigi settings</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Essentials</div><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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Use the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Operator < / tt > item to set the operator name , callsign , \ n \
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locator and so on . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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If you have more than one sound card , use the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Sound Card < / tt > , \ n \
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< tt > Audio Devices < / tt > tab , to select the sound card you wish to use . You can ignore \ n \
the other tabs for now . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Rig Control</div><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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Use the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Rig Control < / tt > item to set how you will control the \ n \
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rig . If you will key the rig via a serial port , in the < tt > Hardware PTT < / tt > tab \ n \
select < em > Use serial port PTT < / em > , the device name you will use , and which line \ n \
controls PTT . If in doubt , check both < em > RTS < / em > and < em > DTR < / em > . You < strong > must < / strong > then press \ n \
the < tt > Initialize < / tt > button . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
If you plan to use CAT control of the rig via the COM port , check < em > Use Hamlib < / em > \ n \
in the < tt > Hamlib < / tt > tab . Select your rig model from the drop - down menu and set the \ n \
serial port device name , baud rate , and RTS / CTS options as needed . If in \ n \
addition you wish to use PTT control via CAT , also check < em > PTT via Hamlib \ n \
command < / em > . You < strong > must < / strong > then press the < tt > Initialize < / tt > button . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Note \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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lffeeT2dt27ky / trTDcDumIQ9w9bOd0xzFfGnmBmfB / RIo2FnBghj5FWCkQTDIdpdt4kgKQgCWgC \ n \
LkM0bQNYMgqFEIg41Kd87lPv4pPPHOKepycZ3 / U88AtuGuhlW7XJ2r7AU9lKZl5q0N2VEU3Jo + Lw \ n \
gBQet / MXE00QDYVJAqKYRNI0Jc9zQghLE4FKpYKqw / uENMv4wqfv4re1Ov + zoYtfvX053xhR1mbC \ n \
tl8fZ + uWtbw0mzM3ZzQXhIiC + NICoh1tgwASyggEEI8Q8N4vbQTSNEXF43yC88Z1bxlhx / YP8U / f \ n \
eYr9vz6MGTTzyB1b1tFZzZhvROYWjHMvLRDSBKfgvOLEYeSLIgCuBOfKhDacc1yq + l42hdR7RAPq \ n \
IiHNeOu1q / jSZ + 9 m5twMj + zcz4GJ43R1ZQTvUfUYiqljds5QB5koooq7uMS2L1 / SDOOV9L / LAuCc \ n \
Q8QjmhC8kKQLVCoVurvmUTHu3rqet20Yptk0li3vIkkCgsNrwIeAmbCQQxSo + D / D6FaVski8IPmX \ n \
DADicK6gUPCBjmpGnldwKlQrGStXLKfZjIgolWrRnAyl2RScKkkaLuoBgOsBrWDSBTYHoiBckv + X \ n \
DSDGCCaAEHxCkgbyPMWsShocC80m0UBR1DmS4HGqpFmGiKLOE6MS1AN5cfFFp1FcHsHQpQdQr9dR \ n \
VVQE54TEJ1iaguWkwZPnOSCIFpcIwZMkgTRNgLJbO4cLKaYJSPUCkZGXzM8Q8jaFlj4CIqhz5FEI \ n \
icNiwElKjIE8RlQVp44YDVSLvFFH8J7TtTpTR09zw + bNWNFuOXjoMKfOzPCPmzaSuBQRxTDAXhGA \ n \
y + oDqopoUS1c8DhN + Pkz40RTfv / cESYm5 + jsGaTaPcCv9p3gP / 7 rp + zd / yLOJxw + epbdeyZ5fNez \ n \
HPrjMUQTvv3fP + LFw6fo7e7m2w88gmhx9aLRXbqEXjaA7q4qoh71Kd4HVD0nT9d5 + NHf8NK8o3a2 \ n \
zk9 / vo8jx04zfaLGlz / / cQ5N1jkyLczMpSRplZtu3MTVa0YwYPrkGW6 / 7 QbWv2UNQwN9mChC0QdM \ n \
3 dJH4GXa2IwV / T08e / AYd91 + A + / euomDE4f55TN / 4 J03X4 + I8OH338zjT + zm + reuYsP6NW1hZnh6 \ n \
e3r4l3 / / Xx586Eluu + XGopm9nvPA / 3 dWruilt7ez / byst4uJF6bYcuOGNsg8Lz1pCzTmZwF45LEn \ n \
2f y2tdyw6VqeO / AnFprzQOfrB6Ber7 + MkOqrDKwcYmHhF + cB9ffSt7yb7 / 3 gKa65ephnD / yJD7zv \ n \
9lL NOmbn5gE4N1NnzeohnHNsWL + aY9PnWi25tLi0AGq1GlddNYBIwLmEPM9R16BvWZUvfnYb6grF \ n \
uPXWzYDwzps3cfxEjdtu2UyWJYgoK1f0sXzqFCLKRz94N4 / / + Gl + s / cQMc + 57 rprGRocBBUQg + iW \ n \
FsDU1BRvWtZTdtGAc44oxTTV1dWJxVnMiioi4kjSDlYN9RdTVtkXsqzCrTdtApQQYNvoLS01V5pg \ n \
SKE1yMnz / JJ66BUDGB8fZ2iwvwAgvtTzOeCK0opg0QozKSQBgqpiOEQcqF2geRZ7WPAIWjigGJ6X \ n \
VsxNTEzQ399TzKztZlO0fIvFc7RIbtCqfqpSRAAFWiXSl2LNFitR1cIZUipR4y8OMpddRl944Xmu \ n \
GhkqQoyAcf53UcyUGB15VPJcCovFa2ZalsjCwyDF4NIyKb + nbJSiBaAkSZYGwM6dO23Xrp9wxx13 \ n \
Fl43w1pS1ygjUihVMy1N2k62lm4o + W6imMW2FTR0SCkUBSlF4xIl8dTUFB / 70 B1UKykL9ZOYWJln \ n \
0 m4 + xb4nomrlpQoKiRTvtXS + mIIqqpWLhBaggpiVjim00GsaKVs7mb179 / K + 94 yWnAeLBtEwYtuz \ n \
IkXC + lIzAWj52vlktKJEGkQWFlNBBMwRpQBgllOv11 / 7 QGNmdv / 99 / PVr9xDY / YEZpGjR6fJmw1 + \ n \
t + 8 A0ydO87v9E1iMdHV20NPTwdrVg1y3YR0iMDzUX0Shve2JCBGJzcUBUI / aAmbGi0eOsn / fBLVa \ n \
bUkAFFOV5Xz34SewPOexH + 1 maNVaurs66ehezpprljEwMMDs7Cxnz9WYnDYe + + b3mTlznGo1o7O7 \ n \
g5GhAa5dN8L1G69hYKAfs / ND / dSRUxydPsn4xCR / nDzC5ORRjk6f4t57721H81Vtp83MYowMDw / T \ n \
bDYREbZs2cLo6CgDAwN0dnYiIsXGrtFAVQkhkOc58 / PzqCr1ep3du3fT0dHBwYMHeeihh1BVVq9 + \ n \
8 wWjqmdwcJD169ezbt06Nm7cSH9 / P1mWMTIyQqVSkVe9Xm82m9ZsNpmdnWVubo5Go0GMsc3rVqK1 \ n \
nluc997jnGv / bOWImTE3N7do8WtmNJvN9hDvnCNJEpIkoVKp4L1 / 7 btRVW17uDXge + 9 pbZtb1gr5 \ n \
hc8X7za994uoISLEGNvSoWVJkrw2Cl35L + UVAFcAXAFwBcClzv8B3eu58OmgDQoAAAAASUVORK5C \ n \
YII = \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>If your rig is CAT-capable but not yet supported by \n \
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< a href = \ " http://www.hamlib.org/ \" >Hamlib</a>, it may still be possible to control it via \n \
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Fldigi & # 8217 ; s < tt > RigCAT < / tt > system . Refer to the < a href = \ " http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp/index.html \" >Online Documentation</a> for details.</p></div> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><div class= \" title \" >CPU Speed</div><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
When you start Fldigi for the very first time , it makes a series of \ n \
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measurements to determine your computer & # 8217 ; s processing speed . Although these \ n \
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measurements are usually accurate , if you have a very slow processor ( under \ n \
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700 MHz ) , you should verify that < em > Slow CPU < / em > under < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Misc & # 8594 ; CPU < / tt > has \ n \
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been enabled . The receiver decoding strategy of certain modems uses fewer \ n \
processor cycles in this mode . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Modems</div><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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Each of the modems can be individually set up from the < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Modems < / tt > \ n \
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multi - tabbed dialog . You need not change anything here to start with , although \ n \
it might be a good idea to set the < em > secondary text < / em > for DominoEX and THOR to \ n \
2012-05-08 23:14:59 +00:00
something useful , such as your call and locator . < span class = \ " footnote \ " ><br />[Secondary text is \n \
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transmitted when the text you type does not keep up with the typing speed of \ n \
the mode — this handy text appears in a small window at the very bottom of the \ n \
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screen . ] < br / > < / span > Note that this set of tabs is also where you set the RTTY modem speed \ n \
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and shift , although the default values should be fine for normal operation . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Other settings</div><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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Use the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; UI < / tt > , < tt > Restart < / tt > tab , to set the aspect ratio of the \ n \
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waterfall display and whether or not you want to dock a second digiscope to \ n \
the main window . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
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Use the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; IDs < / tt > item to set whether you wish to transmit RSID \ n \
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data at the start of each over ( this is for the benefit of others and does not \ n \
affect RSID reception ) . If you plan to regularly use the RSID feature on \ n \
receive , you should deselect the option that starts new modems at the & # 8220 ; sweet \ n \
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spot & # 8221 ; frequencies in < tt > Misc & # 8594 ; Sweet Spot < / tt > . \ n \
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< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Finally, use the menu item <tt>Configure→Save Config</tt> to save the new \n \
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configuration . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _sound_card_mixer \" >2.2. Sound Card Mixer</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Use your sound card < em > Master Volume < / em > applet to select the sound card , the Wave \ n \
output and set the transmit audio level . You can check the level using the \ n \
< a href = \ " #ref-tune \" >Tune</a> button, top right, beyond the Menu. \n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
On Windows , the < em > Volume < / em > applet can usually be opened by clicking \ n \
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< tt > Start & # 8594 ; Run … < / tt > and entering < tt > sndvol32 < / tt > , or from the Control Panel . \ n \
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< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Use your sound card < em > Recording Control < / em > applet to select the sound card , the \ n \
Line or Mic input and set the receiver audio level . Watch the waterfall \ n \
display for receiver noise when setting the level . If you see any dark blue \ n \
noise , you have the right input and about the right level . The actual setting \ n \
is not very important , provided you see blue noise . If the audio level is too \ n \
high , the little diamond shaped indicator ( bottom right ) will show red . The \ n \
waterfall may also show red bands . Performance will be degraded if the level \ n \
is too high . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
On Windows , the < em > Record < / em > applet can usually be opened by clicking \ n \
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< tt > Start & # 8594 ; Run … < / tt > and entering < tt > sndvol32 < / tt > , or from the Control Panel . If opened \ n \
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from the Control Panel , you & # 8217 ; ll end up with the Master Volume applet , and need \ n \
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to switch using < tt > Options & # 8594 ; Properties < / tt > , and selecting the < tt > Recording < / tt > radio \ n \
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button . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect1 \ " > \n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-guided-tour \" >3. Guided Tour</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The main window consists of three main panes. Study it carefully as you read \n \
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these notes . From top to bottom , these are the Receive pane ( navajo white ) , the \ n \
Transmit pane ( light cyan ) , and the Waterfall pane ( black ) . At the top is the \ n \
collection of entry items which form the Log Data , and at the very top , a \ n \
conventional drop - down Menu system , with entries for File , Op Mode , Configure , \ n \
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View and Help . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Between the Transmit and the Waterfall panes is a line of boxes (buttons) which \n \
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represent the Function Keys F1 - F12 . This is the Macro group . Below the \ n \
Waterfall pane is another line of boxes ( buttons ) , which provide various control \ n \
features . This is the Controls group . The program and various buttons can mostly \ n \
be operated using the mouse or the keyboard , and users generally find it \ n \
convenient to use the mouse while tuning around , and the keyboard and function \ n \
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keys during a QSO . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " ref-receive-pane \" >3.1. Receive Pane</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>This is where the text from decoded incoming signals is displayed, in black \n \
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text . When you transmit , the transmitted text is also displayed here , but in red , \ n \
so the Receive pane becomes a complete record of the QSO . The information in \ n \
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this pane can also be logged to a file . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The line at the bottom of this pane can be dragged up and down with the \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
mouse . You might prefer to drag it down a bit to enlarge the Receive pane and \ n \
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reduce the size of the Transmit pane . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _transmit_pane \" >3.2. Transmit Pane</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>This is where you type what you want to transmit. The mouse must click in here \n \
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before you type ( to obtain < em > focus < / em > ) otherwise your text will go nowhere . You can \ n \
type in here while you are receiving , and when you start transmitting , the text \ n \
already typed will be sent first . This trick is a cool way to impress others \ n \
with your typing speed ! As the text is transmitted , the text colour changes from \ n \
black to red . At the end of the over , all the transmitted text ( and any as yet \ n \
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not transmitted ) will be deleted . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _waterfall_pane \" >3.3. Waterfall Pane</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>This is the main tuning facility. There are three modes, Waterfall, FFT and \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
Signal , selected by a button in the Control group . For now , leave it in \ n \
Waterfall mode , as this is the easiest to tune with , and gives the best \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
identification of the signal . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " hdlist \ " ><table> \n \
< tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< strong > < tt > WF < / tt > < / strong > ( Waterfall ) \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
A spectrogram display of signal strength versus frequency over passing \ n \
time . The receiver passband is analysed and displayed with lower frequencies \ n \
to the left , higher to the right . Weak signals and background noise are dark \ n \
while stronger signals show as brighter colours . As time passes ( over a few \ n \
seconds ) , the historic signals move downwards like a waterfall . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< strong > < tt > FFT < / tt > < / strong > ( Fast Fourier Transform ) \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
A spectrum display of the mean signal strength versus frequency . Again \ n \
frequency is displayed from left to right , but now the vertical direction \ n \
shows signal strength and there is no brightness or historic information . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
< strong > < tt > SIG < / tt > < / strong > ( Signal ) \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
An oscilloscope type of display showing the raw audio being captured by the \ n \
sound card . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< / table > < / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>At the top of the pane is a scale of frequency in Hz, which corresponds to the \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
frequency displayed immediately below it . This scale can be moved around and \ n \
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zoomed using buttons in the Control group . < / p > < / div > \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>As you move the mouse around in this pane you will see a yellow group of tuning \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
marks following the mouse pointer . Tuning is achieved by left - clicking on a \ n \
signal displayed by the waterfall in this pane . Use these yellow marks to \ n \
exactly straddle the signal and then left - click on the centre of the signal . The \ n \
tuning marks change to red . The red vertical lines will show the approximate \ n \
width of the active signal area ( the expected signal bandwidth ) , while a red \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
horizontal bar above will indicate the receiver software & # 8217 ; s active decoding \ n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
range . When you left - click , the red marks move to where you clicked , and will \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
attempt to auto - track the signal from there . < / p > < / div > \ n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Tip \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAwCAYAAABXAvmHAAAJk0lEQVRo3u1aWWxU5xX + Zl / sGS8z \ n \
4 wVMbWzjEpxiF0pDgIaAoAQ1CgW3oqkqQA0vhJCgpCD6Rh7oQynKA5WoKqUyCSGKWNqmqgppTAJK \ n \
EcalTkwNcYw3wPs6M559xtP / / J5 / dGd8Z + ba0KBIXOlovN3 / nu + s3znXqmg0im / ypcY3 / HoM4DGA \ n \
B7y0D + ugaKwa0IcoDNICoVKp4p + Sr1WPHAApPjU1BSGRSISLAEIilCbRaDRc1Go1SZQ + HwTInAEw \ n \
ZaNC4XA4jAsXLuDy5ctobm5GZ2cnRkdHEQgEYDAYYLPZUFZWhqVLl2LNmjXYuHEjdDpdXBigaAzQ \ n \
rIGoZtsHhMVJ6a6uLpw4cQKnT59GXsliVCxZhsLi + ci2WmDUG5hiau6BQDCIyclJDA30ov3mDYz0 \ n \
tGLbtm3YvXs3ysvLOUi9Xg + tVovZemRWAMjqZPFQKITDhw / j6NGjWLftJVQtqYUl2wyXxweX24tJ \ n \
rx / + YAihcIQQc6UMeh1MRj2sWWZmdTXu3rmFjz74A / bs2YNDhw4hKysLJpNJeESxNxQDIOXJ6tev \ n \
X8e + ffugc1RixdPPwmwyom9oDIOjTq60NN4TRJLAJAQmz2rGnZZGjPe04MiRI1i5ciUHQh6JeUP1 \ n \
UMqoUP78 + fPYsGEDFq7YjGfWPwePP4gbtzrR0zfMwiQENVNMnQoAhcZ0eHAJBMMMtBuO8hpUPPU8 \ n \
tm / fjjNnzsDpdMLn8 / EQpec + cBJLlf / Fjp34 + StvoqDAgc57A9zqceVkrBwvmWk8EgxFoNLnYPOO \ n \
g3j9jQO8km3dupU / m0KKeSKazhNpQ4gSlpRvbGzklt / + 8 mHYHHZ82XEfzkmvvLKIwj02Bs + kC1Fm \ n \
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gAAjPsXPpABEh6evxaekSs3pTaXqYf2zx6N6T6x6 / N8qj / j6H2ll / uhtrRpgAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
< div class = \ " title \ " >Audio history and “casual tuning”</div> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>You can temporarily “monitor” a different signal by right-clicking on it. As \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
long as you hold the mouse button down , the signal under it will be decoded ; as \ n \
soon as you release the mouse , decoding will revert to the previously tuned spot \ n \
( where the red marks are ) . If you also hold the < tt > Control < / tt > key down before \ n \
right - clicking , Fldigi will first decode all of its buffered audio at that \ n \
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frequency . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _log_data \" >3.4. Log Data</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Fldigi provides two QSO entry views, one for casual QSO logging and the second \n \
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for contesting . The < tt > View & # 8594 ; Contest fields < / tt > menu item switches between the two \ n \
modes . < / p > < / div > \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The <em>Frequency</em>, <em>Time Off</em>, and (when in contest mode) <em>#Out</em> fields are filled \n \
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by the program . All the others can be populated by manual keyboard entry or by \ n \
selection from the < a href = \ " #ref-receive-pane \" >Receive pane</a>. The <em>Time Off</em> field is \n \
continuously updated with the current GMT time . The < em > Time On < / em > field will be \ n \
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filled in when the < em > Call < / em > is updated , but can be modified later by the operator . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>A right click on the Receive pane brings up a context sensitive menu that will \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
reflect which of the two QSO capture views you have open . If you highlight text \ n \
in the Receive pane then the menu selection will operate on that text . If you \ n \
simply point to a word of text and right click then the menu selection will \ n \
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operate on the single word . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Tip \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAwCAYAAABXAvmHAAAJk0lEQVRo3u1aWWxU5xX + Zl / sGS8z \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
< div class = \ " title \ " >Quick log entry</div> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Certain fields (<em>Call</em>, <em>Name</em>, <em>RST In</em>, <em>QTH</em> and <em>Locator</em>) may also be \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
populated semi - automatically . Point to a word in the Receive pane and either \ n \
double - left - click or hold a Shift key down and left - click . The program will \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
then use some simple heuristics to decide which log field will receive the text . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>It is generally not possible to distinguish between Operator and QTH names. For \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
this reason , Fldigi will use the first non - Call and non - Locator word to fill the \ n \
< em > Name < / em > field , and subsequent clicks will send text to the < em > QTH < / em > field . \ n \
Likewise , a text string may be both a valid callsign and a valid \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< a href = \ " http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidenhead_Locator_System \" >IARU (Maidenhead) locator</a>. \n \
For best results , you should attempt to fill the log fields in the order in \ n \
which they appear on the main window , and clear the log fields after logging the \ n \
QSO . Of course , text can always be manually typed or pasted into any of the log \ n \
fields ! < / p > < / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>You can query online and local (e.g. CD) database systems for data regarding a \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
callsign . You make the query by either clicking on the globe button , or \ n \
selecting < em > Look up call < / em > from the popup menu . The latter will also move the \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
call to the < em > Call < / em > field . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>When the <em>Call</em> field is filled in, the logbook will be searched for the most \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
recent QSO with that station and , if an entry is found , the < em > Name < / em > , < em > QTH < / em > and \ n \
other fields will be pre - filled . If the logbook dialog is open , that last QSO \ n \
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will also be selected for viewing in the logbook . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>You open the logbook by selecting from the View menu; <tt>View→Logbook</tt>. The \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
logbook title bar will show you which logbook you currently have open . Fldigi \ n \
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can maintain an unlimited ( except for disk space ) number of logbooks . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _menu \" >3.5. Menu</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>At the very top of the program window is a conventional drop-down menu. If you \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
click on any of the items , a list of optional functions will appear . Keyboard \ n \
menu selection is also provided . Where underscored characters are shown in the \ n \
menu , you can select these menu items from the keyboard using the marked \ n \
character and < tt > Alt < / tt > at the same time , then moving around with the \ n \
< tt > up < / tt > / < tt > down < / tt > / < tt > left < / tt > / < tt > right < / tt > keys . Press < tt > Esc < / tt > to quit from the menu with no \ n \
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change . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " sect3 \ " > \n \
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< h4 id = \ " _menu_functions \" >3.5.1. Menu functions</h4> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >File</div><p>Allows you to open or save Macros (we won’t get into that here), turn on/off \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
logging to file , record / play audio samples , and exit the program . You can also \ n \
exit the program by clicking on the < tt > X < / tt > in the top right corner of the window , \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
in the usual manner . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Op Mode</div><p>This is where you select the operating modem used for transmission and \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
reception . Some modes only have one option . Where more are offered , drag the \ n \
mouse down the list and sideways following the arrow to a secondary list , before \ n \
releasing it . When you start the program next time , it will remember the last \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
mode you used . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Not all the modes are widely used, so choose a mode which <em>(a)</em> maximises your \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
chance of a QSO , and < em > ( b ) < / em > is appropriate for the band , conditions , bandwidth \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
requirements and permissions relevant to your operating licence . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>At the bottom of the list are two “modes” which aren’t modes at all, and do not \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
transmit ( see < a href = \ " http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp/index.html \" >Online Documentation</a> for details). <em>WWV</em> mode allows you to receive a \n \
standard time signal so the beeps it transmits can be used for sound card \ n \
calibration . < em > Freq Analysis < / em > provides just a waterfall display with a very \ n \
narrow cursor , and a frequency meter which indicates the received frequency in \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
Hz to two decimal places . This is useful for on - air frequency measurement . < / p > < / div > \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Configure</div><p>This is where you set up the program to suit your computer, yourself and your \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
operating preferences . The operating settings of the program are grouped into \ n \
several categories and there are menu items in which you enter your personal \ n \
information , or define your computer sound card , for example . Modems can be \ n \
individually changed , each having different adjustments . The Modems dialog has \ n \
2011-06-06 17:17:34 +00:00
multiple tabs , so you can edit any one of them . Don & # 8217 ; t fool with the settings \ n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
until you know what you are doing ! The final item , < tt > Save Config < / tt > allows you to \ n \
save the altered configuration for next time you start the program ( otherwise \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
changes are temporary ) . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >View</div><p>This menu item allows you to open extra windows. Most will be greyed out, but \n \
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two that are available are the Digiscope , and the PSK Browser . The Digiscope \ n \
provides a mode - specific graphical analysis of the received signal , and can have \ n \
more than one view ( left click in the new window to change the view ) , or maybe \ n \
none at all . The PSK Browser is a rather cool tool that allows you to monitor \ n \
several PSK31 signals all at the same time ! These windows can be resized to \ n \
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suit . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Help</div><p>Brings up the Online Documentation, the Fldigi Home Page, and various \n \
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information about the program . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect3 \ " > \n \
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< h4 id = \ " _other_controls \" >3.5.2. Other controls</h4> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " id= \" ref-rsid \" ><div class= \" title \" >RSID</div><p>The RxID button turns on the receive RSID (automatic mode detection and tuning) \n \
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feature . When in use , the button turns yellow and no text reception is possible \ n \
until a signal is identified , or the feature is turned off again . If you plan to \ n \
use the RSID feature on receive , you must leave the < em > Start New Modem at Sweet \ n \
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Spot < / em > item in the menu < tt > Configure & # 8594 ; Defaults & # 8594 ; Misc < / tt > tab unchecked . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " id= \" ref-tune \" ><div class= \" title \" >TUNE</div><p>This button transmits a continuous tone at the current audio frequency. The tone \n \
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level will be at the maximum signal level for any modem , which makes this \ n \
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function useful for adjusting your transceiver & # 8217 ; s output power . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _macro_buttons \" >3.6. Macro buttons</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>This line of buttons provides user-editable QSO features. For example, the first \n \
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button on the left sends CQ for you . Both the function of these buttons ( we call \ n \
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them Macros ) and the label on each button , can be changed . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Select each button to use it by pressing the corresponding Function Key (F1 - \n \
F12 , you & # 8217 ; ll notice the buttons are grouped in patterns four to a group , just as \ n \
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the Function Keys are ) . You can also select them with a left - click of the \ n \
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mouse . If you right - click on the button , you are able to edit the button & # 8217 ; s label \ n \
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and its function . A handy dialog pops up to allow this to be done . There are \ n \
many standard shortcuts , such as < tt > & lt ; MYCALL & gt ; < / tt > , which you can use within the \ n \
Macros . Notice that the buttons also turn the transmitter on and off as \ n \
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necessary . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>You can just about hold a complete QSO using these buttons from left to right \n \
( but please don & # 8217 ; t ! ) . Notice that at the right are two spare buttons you can set \ n \
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as you wish , and then a button labelled < tt > 1 < / tt > . Yes , this is the first set of \ n \
< em > four < / em > sets of Macros , and you can access the others using this button , which \ n \
changes to read < tt > 2 < / tt > , < tt > 3 < / tt > , < tt > 4 < / tt > then < tt > 1 < / tt > again ( right - click to go backwards ) , or \ n \
by pressing < tt > Alt < / tt > and the corresponding number ( 1 - 4 , not F1 - F4 ) at the same \ n \
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time . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Note \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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YII = \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>If you <em>really</em> mess up the Macros and can’t see how to fix them, just close the \n \
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program without saving them , and reopen it . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _controls \" >3.7. Controls</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The line of buttons under the waterfall is used to control the program (as \n \
opposed to the QSO ) . If you hover the mouse over these buttons , you & # 8217 ; ll see a \ n \
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little yellow hint box appear which tells you what each button does . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The first button switches between Waterfall, FFT and Scope modes. The next two \n \
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buttons adjust the signal level over which the waterfall works . The default \ n \
range is from 0 dB downwards 70 dB ( i . e . to - 70 dB ) . Both of these values can be \ n \
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adjusted to suit your sound card and receiver audio level . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The next button sets the scale zoom factor (visible display width, × 1, × 2 or \n \
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× 4 ) , and the next three buttons move the visible waterfall area in relation to \ n \
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the bandwidth cursor . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The next button selects the waterfall speed. NORM or SLOW setting is best unless \n \
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you have a very fast computer . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The next four buttons (two on either side of a number, the audio frequency in \n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
Hz ) control the receiving frequency ( they move the red cursor lines ) . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The <tt>QSY</tt> button moves the signal under the bandwidth cursor to a preset audio \n \
frequency ( typically , the centre of the transceiver & # 8217 ; s passband ) . The Store \ n \
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button allows you to store or recall the current frequency and mode . See the \ n \
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< a href = \ " http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp/index.html \" >Online Documentation</a> for details on these functions.</p></div> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The <tt>Lk</tt> button locks the transmit frequency (and illuminates a green marker), and the \n \
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< tt > Rv < / tt > button turns the signal decoding upside down ( some modes are sideband \ n \
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sensitive , and if they are the wrong way up , can & # 8217 ; t be received \ n \
correctly ) . Remember to turn this one off when you & # 8217 ; re done , or you won & # 8217 ; t receive \ n \
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anything ! If every signal you hear is upside down , check your transceiver \ n \
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sideband setting . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The <tt>T/R</tt> button forces the transmitter on or off.</p></div> \n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Caution \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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GBcNCQmp9vbCHE2bNkVkZCThpfP8nwJzn2nD3KcZ3FnOy3rjWlyzpvT5v44S1dKJTnBCPZ3YKY4d \ n \
O6anU3h4uPbmzhSNGjUCT7nr168nuJbvmuOcg3OZngPag4zFa + coYY5qT2S6QBEsbLY3Fra + G1yc \ n \
xb1x40YEBQXBy8sLnp6e6NGjhzzXr1q1it2GqcKezwu7hC4pKSE0HedcnFPr / 4 bUIYOdw5w9IboI \ n \
uqKlFBejWyw4CiEQc5l9nS6zOHmyZBCabrN + WEccw17P8XxQ0nH9HGTu + / aP00 + SUlyMi2pFrj3w \ n \
6 CghWYx0mOL4GX9Hl7XzDjsc56AhNIbg2gFOB67FhabWKcXFuCgXpyC2PO3ooe / O5cuX + T0 / 04 AN \ n \
sDZghnYHMAE / MwGMamcmLqoJYtslkAbIMHz / yCVF / / qIMYb5n6UAswizGA1KCw3QAGcvXtj / yOyB \ n \
PD2s / fgvlLDkWQ1 / L8QAAAAASUVORK5CYII = \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Use the <tt>T/R</tt> button with care, as it will stop transmission immediately, losing \n \
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whatever is in the buffer ( what you have typed in the Transmit pane ) , or start \ n \
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it immediately , even if nothing is ready to transmit . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>There are two further controls in the bottom right corner of the program, to the \n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
right of the Status line : < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " dlist \ " ><dl> \n \
< dt class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< tt > AFC < / tt > ( AFC ) control \ n \
< / dt > \ n \
< dd > \ n \
< p > \ n \
When this button is pressed , an indicator on the button turns yellow , and the \ n \
program will automatically retune to drifting signals . When the button is \ n \
again pressed , AFC is off , and the tuning will stay where you leave it . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / dd > \ n \
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< dt class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< tt > SQL < / tt > ( Squelch ) control \ n \
< / dt > \ n \
< dd > \ n \
< p > \ n \
When off ( no coloured indicator on the button ) , the receiver displays all \ n \
& # 8220 ; text & # 8221 ; received , even if there is no signal present , and the receiver is \ n \
simply attempting to decode noise . When activated by pressing the button , the \ n \
indicator turns yellow . If the incoming signal strength exceeds that set by \ n \
the adjacent slider control ( above the < tt > SQL < / tt > button ) , the indicator turns \ n \
green and the incoming signal is decoded and printed . The signal strength is \ n \
indicated on the green bar beside the Squelch level slider . If nothing seems \ n \
to be printing , the first thing to do is check the Squelch ! \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / dd > \ n \
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< / dl > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _status_line \" >3.8. Status Line</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>At the very bottom line of the Fldigi window is a row of useful information. At \n \
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the left is the current operating mode . Next ( some modes ) is the measured \ n \
signal - to - noise ratio at the receiver , and ( in some modes ) the measured signal \ n \
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intermodulation level ( IMD ) . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The larger central box shows (in DominoEX and THOR modes) the received \n \
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< em > Secondary Text < / em > . This is information ( such as station identification ) which is \ n \
transmitted automatically whenever the transmitter has completed all user text \ n \
that is available to send . It is transmitted using special characters , and is \ n \
automatically directed to this special window . Secondary text you transmit is \ n \
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also shown here . This box changes size when you enlarge the program window . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect1 \ " > \n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-operating \" >4. Operating</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _procedure \" >4.1. Procedure</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Operating procedure for digital modes is similar to that for Morse. Some of the \n \
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same abbreviations are used . For example , at the beginning of an over , you might \ n \
send < tt > VK3XYZ de WB8ABC < / tt > or just < tt > RR Jack < / tt > and so on . At the end of an over , it \ n \
is usual to send < tt > ZL1ABC de AA3AR K < / tt > , and at the end of a QSO < tt > 73 F3XYZ de 3 D2ZZ \ n \
SK < / tt > . When operating in a group or net it is usual to sign < tt > AA3AE es gp de ZK8WW \ n \
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K < / tt > . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>It is also considered a courtesy to send a blank line or two (press <tt>Enter</tt>) \n \
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before any text at the start of an over , and following the last text at the end \ n \
of an over . You can also place these in the macros . The purpose is to separate \ n \
your text from the previous text , and especially from any rubbish that was \ n \
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printed between overs . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Fldigi does all of this for you. The Function Keys are set up to provide these \n \
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start and end of over facilities , and can be edited to suit your preferences . In \ n \
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order that the other station & # 8217 ; s callsign can appear when these keys are used , you \ n \
need to set the other station & # 8217 ; s callsign in the log data — it does not matter if \ n \
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you use the log facility or not . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Note \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAwCAYAAABXAvmHAAAJXElEQVRo3u2ZW4xcZ5HHf1Xf951z \ n \
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SOQCwUYBh4ADCIOdYM84YYjHl / Gt7UnPTE + fr / bhnG57nAXHyQSC5E8qzZxudc / 3 r / pX1b9qxMz4 \ n \
ez7K3 / m5AuAKgL8lgLGxMRsdHbW + vj7r6 + uz0dFRGxsb + 6 tWBXm1VWj79u02 / sB9bN92J5XpY + Rn \ n \
TnFqdoavT9ZY94nPsGPHDnnDRmBsbMzGH7iPHe96B + nk88wfeI54ZIrlMzN8bVXK + AP38eCDD9ob \ n \
NgKjo6N27 + oOKrVTzP9 + LxocziviFeeF02kn / + zW8OijjxZ / RETeUBHYs2cPPVlG8w / 7 CNVAqARC \ n \
FkiyQMgSBkdWsWfPHmKMAFh5Xg8A / rLCJWIiQqVSIT82SagG1CvqFBcU9UUkdHiYubmn8f5lX28i \ n \
gojgnFv0RpIkpGna / kyz2aTRaHDu3DlZSgCcOfZbPvCRezg5fZwVWSguHAoQ6h2udxk1Ejo7K / zs \ n \
h99i2bJuujorZFmKqtJmk1wIIBZkEEVEy6jBqmvuxszsL1HwsgB472mc3ccH77qKf / 3 WTv5tQw + + \ n \
mqAl9 / 3 QavL + q / nPXXs5WzvLzPEn8fMZ2lUhZgHnpARwEXPFgSaIZoiEAgBGmqbEGF8WrVedA0V4 \ n \
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zk9 / vo8jx04zfaLGlz / / cQ5N1jkyLczMpSRplZtu3MTVa0YwYPrkGW6 / 7 QbWv2UNQwN9mChC0QdM \ n \
3 dJH4GXa2IwV / T08e / AYd91 + A + / euomDE4f55TN / 4 J03X4 + I8OH338zjT + zm + reuYsP6NW1hZnh6 \ n \
e3r4l3 / / Xx586Eluu + XGopm9nvPA / 3 dWruilt7ez / byst4uJF6bYcuOGNsg8Lz1pCzTmZwF45LEn \ n \
2f y2tdyw6VqeO / AnFprzQOfrB6Ber7 + MkOqrDKwcYmHhF + cB9ffSt7yb7 / 3 gKa65ephnD / yJD7zv \ n \
9lL NOmbn5gE4N1NnzeohnHNsWL + aY9PnWi25tLi0AGq1GlddNYBIwLmEPM9R16BvWZUvfnYb6grF \ n \
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GhkqQoyAcf53UcyUGB15VPJcCovFa2ZalsjCwyDF4NIyKb + nbJSiBaAkSZYGwM6dO23Xrp9wxx13 \ n \
Fl43w1pS1ygjUihVMy1N2k62lm4o + W6imMW2FTR0SCkUBSlF4xIl8dTUFB / 70 B1UKykL9ZOYWJln \ n \
0 m4 + xb4nomrlpQoKiRTvtXS + mIIqqpWLhBaggpiVjim00GsaKVs7mb179 / K + 94 yWnAeLBtEwYtuz \ n \
IkXC + lIzAWj52vlktKJEGkQWFlNBBMwRpQBgllOv11 / 7 QGNmdv / 99 / PVr9xDY / YEZpGjR6fJmw1 + \ n \
t + 8 A0ydO87v9E1iMdHV20NPTwdrVg1y3YR0iMDzUX0Shve2JCBGJzcUBUI / aAmbGi0eOsn / fBLVa \ n \
bUkAFFOV5Xz34SewPOexH + 1 maNVaurs66ehezpprljEwMMDs7Cxnz9WYnDYe + + b3mTlznGo1o7O7 \ n \
g5GhAa5dN8L1G69hYKAfs / ND / dSRUxydPsn4xCR / nDzC5ORRjk6f4t57721H81Vtp83MYowMDw / T \ n \
bDYREbZs2cLo6CgDAwN0dnYiIsXGrtFAVQkhkOc58 / PzqCr1ep3du3fT0dHBwYMHeeihh1BVVq9 + \ n \
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nluc997jnGv / bOWImTE3N7do8WtmNJvN9hDvnCNJEpIkoVKp4L1 / 7 btRVW17uDXge + 9 pbZtb1gr5 \ n \
hc8X7za994uoISLEGNvSoWVJkrw2Cl35L + UVAFcAXAFwBcClzv8B3eu58OmgDQoAAAAASUVORK5C \ n \
YII = \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
< div class = \ " title \ " >Macro symbols</div> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Some Function Key Macro buttons have graphic symbols on them which imply \n \
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the following : < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " hdlist \ " ><table> \n \
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< tr > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< strong > < tt > & gt ; & gt ; < / tt > < / strong > \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
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The transmitter comes on and stays on when you use this button / macro . \ n \
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< / p > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< tr > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< strong > < tt > | | < / tt > < / strong > \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
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The transmitter goes off when the text from this button / macro has been \ n \
sent . \ n \
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< / p > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< tr > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist1 \ " > \n \
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< strong > < tt > & gt ; | < / tt > < / strong > \ n \
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< br / > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
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< td class = \ " hdlist2 \ " > \n \
< p style = \ " margin-top: 0; \" > \n \
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The transmitter comes on , sends the text from this button / macro , and \ n \
goes off when the text from this button / macro has been sent . \ n \
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< / p > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > \ n \
< / table > < / div > \ n \
< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The Macros are set up to control the transmitter as necessary, but you can also \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
switch the transmitter on at the start of an over with < tt > Ctrl < / tt > and < tt > T < / tt > or the TX \ n \
macro button , and off again with < tt > Ctrl < / tt > and < tt > R < / tt > or the RX macro button . If you \ n \
have Macros copied into or text already typed in the Transmit pane when you \ n \
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start the transmitter , this is sent first . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Calling another station you have tuned in is as simple as pushing a button. Put \n \
2009-04-06 21:21:07 +00:00
his callsign into the log data ( right click , select Call ) and press the < tt > ANS < / tt > \ n \
Macro button ( or F2 ) when you are ready . If he replies , you are in business ! \ n \
Then press < tt > QSO < / tt > ( F3 ) to start each over , and < tt > BTU < / tt > ( F4 ) to end it , and < tt > SK < / tt > \ n \
2009-04-17 18:17:56 +00:00
( F5 ) to sign off . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Note \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAwCAYAAABXAvmHAAAJXElEQVRo3u2ZW4xcZ5HHf1Xf951z \ n \
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HPrjMUQTvv3fP + LFw6fo7e7m2w88gmhx9aLRXbqEXjaA7q4qoh71Kd4HVD0nT9d5 + NHf8NK8o3a2 \ n \
zk9 / vo8jx04zfaLGlz / / cQ5N1jkyLczMpSRplZtu3MTVa0YwYPrkGW6 / 7 QbWv2UNQwN9mChC0QdM \ n \
3 dJH4GXa2IwV / T08e / AYd91 + A + / euomDE4f55TN / 4 J03X4 + I8OH338zjT + zm + reuYsP6NW1hZnh6 \ n \
e3r4l3 / / Xx586Eluu + XGopm9nvPA / 3 dWruilt7ez / byst4uJF6bYcuOGNsg8Lz1pCzTmZwF45LEn \ n \
2f y2tdyw6VqeO / AnFprzQOfrB6Ber7 + MkOqrDKwcYmHhF + cB9ffSt7yb7 / 3 gKa65ephnD / yJD7zv \ n \
9lL NOmbn5gE4N1NnzeohnHNsWL + aY9PnWi25tLi0AGq1GlddNYBIwLmEPM9R16BvWZUvfnYb6grF \ n \
uPXWzYDwzps3cfxEjdtu2UyWJYgoK1f0sXzqFCLKRz94N4 / / + Gl + s / cQMc + 57 rprGRocBBUQg + iW \ n \
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0 m4 + xb4nomrlpQoKiRTvtXS + mIIqqpWLhBaggpiVjim00GsaKVs7mb179 / K + 94 yWnAeLBtEwYtuz \ n \
IkXC + lIzAWj52vlktKJEGkQWFlNBBMwRpQBgllOv11 / 7 QGNmdv / 99 / PVr9xDY / YEZpGjR6fJmw1 + \ n \
t + 8 A0ydO87v9E1iMdHV20NPTwdrVg1y3YR0iMDzUX0Shve2JCBGJzcUBUI / aAmbGi0eOsn / fBLVa \ n \
bUkAFFOV5Xz34SewPOexH + 1 maNVaurs66ehezpprljEwMMDs7Cxnz9WYnDYe + + b3mTlznGo1o7O7 \ n \
g5GhAa5dN8L1G69hYKAfs / ND / dSRUxydPsn4xCR / nDzC5ORRjk6f4t57721H81Vtp83MYowMDw / T \ n \
bDYREbZs2cLo6CgDAwN0dnYiIsXGrtFAVQkhkOc58 / PzqCr1ep3du3fT0dHBwYMHeeihh1BVVq9 + \ n \
8 wWjqmdwcJD169ezbt06Nm7cSH9 / P1mWMTIyQqVSkVe9Xm82m9ZsNpmdnWVubo5Go0GMsc3rVqK1 \ n \
nluc997jnGv / bOWImTE3N7do8WtmNJvN9hDvnCNJEpIkoVKp4L1 / 7 btRVW17uDXge + 9 pbZtb1gr5 \ n \
hc8X7za994uoISLEGNvSoWVJkrw2Cl35L + UVAFcAXAFwBcClzv8B3eu58OmgDQoAAAAASUVORK5C \ n \
YII = \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>When typing text, the correct use of upper and lower case is important:</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Modes such as RTTY and THROB have no lower case capability . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
In most other modes , excessive use of upper case is considered impolite , like \ n \
SHOUTING ! \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Modes such as PSK31 , MFSK16 , DominoEX and THOR use character sets which are \ n \
optimised for lower case . You should use lower case as much as possible in \ n \
these modes to achieve maximum text speed . In these modes upper case \ n \
characters are noticeably slower to send and also slightly more prone to \ n \
errors . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _adjustment \" >4.2. Adjustment</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Most digital modes do not require much transmitter power, as the receiver \n \
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software is very sensitive . Many modes ( PSK31 , THROB , MT63 ) also require very \ n \
high transmitter linearity , which is another reason to keep transmitter power \ n \
below 30 % of maximum . Some modes ( Hellschreiber , Morse ) have high peak power \ n \
output , which may not indicate well on the conventional power meter , another \ n \
reason to keep the average transmitted power low to prevent a very broad signal \ n \
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being transmitted . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Adjust the transmitter output power using the TUNE button, top right, beyond the \n \
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Menu . The output will be the same as the peak power in other modes . Adjust the \ n \
master Volume applet Wave Out and Master Volume controls to achieve the \ n \
appropriate power . Use of excessive drive will result in distortion ( signal \ n \
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difficult to tune in , and often poorer reception ) and a very broad signal . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Some multi-carrier modes (MT63 for example) may require individual adjustment as \n \
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the average power may be rather low . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Tip \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAADAAAAAwCAYAAABXAvmHAAAJk0lEQVRo3u1aWWxU5xX + Zl / sGS8z \ n \
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0 Odst9Nzfj9A3iAgxFhJaAlAA3hbWxsfAync6O8ohkkxYpVEzIjbED0gC5vNZl4mSf7v7wfk3tDQ \ n \
vEAeITAk / tggQyIdAQW / IqtSSaRuLSgCydf2hibVOzKytBAxgAsA0oomaDEpm / SODF / bO7Jkb4gl \ n \
gAAjPsXPpABEh6evxaekSs3pTaXqYf2zx6N6T6x6 / N8qj / j6H2ll / uhtrRpgAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC \ " /> \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Where possible, use the area above 1200Hz on the waterfall.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Below 1200 Hz the second harmonic of the transmitted audio will pass through \ n \
the transmitter filters . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
When using lower frequency tones , adjust the transmitter and audio level with \ n \
great care , as the second ( and even third ) harmonic will appear in the \ n \
transmitter passband , causing excessive signal width . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
A narrow ( CW ) filter in the rig is no help in this regard , as it is only used \ n \
on receive . When you do use a narrow filter , this will restrict the area over \ n \
which the receiver and transmitter will operate ( without retuning of \ n \
course ) . Try adjusting the passband tuning ( if available ) . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Keep the sound card audio level to a minimum and set the transmitter gain to a \ n \
similar level used for SSB . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect2 \ " > \n \
< h3 id = \ " _waterfall_tuning \" >4.3. Waterfall Tuning</h3> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>When using this program, as with most other digital modes programs, tuning is \n \
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generally accomplished by leaving the transceiver VFO at a popular spot ( for \ n \
example 14.070 MHz , USB ) , and performing all the < em > tuning < / em > by moving around within \ n \
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the software . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The Fldigi software has a second “VFO” which is tuned by clicking on the \n \
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waterfall . On a busy band , you may see many signals at the same time ( especially \ n \
with PSK31 or Morse ) , and so you can click with the mouse on any one of these \ n \
signals to tune it in , receive it , and if the opportunity allows , reply to the \ n \
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station . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>The software “VFO” operates in a transceive mode, so the transmitter signal is \n \
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automatically and exactly tuned to the received frequency . If you click \ n \
correctly on the signal , your reply will always be in tune with the other \ n \
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station . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Important \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>You <strong>must not</strong> use RIT (Clarifier) when using digital modes.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " ulist \ " ><ul> \n \
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< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
With RIT on , you will probably have to retune after every over . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Use of the RIT will also cause the other station to change frequency , and you \ n \
will chase each other across the band . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
< li > \ n \
< p > \ n \
Older transceivers without digital synthesis may have an unwanted offset \ n \
( frequency difference ) between transmit and receive frequencies . Such rigs \ n \
should not be used for digital modes . \ n \
< / p > \ n \
< / li > \ n \
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< / ul > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Wider digital modes (MT63, Olivia) can be tuned using the rig if necessary, as \n \
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tuning is not at all critical . The software tuning still operates , but because \ n \
the signal is so wide , there is limited ability to move around in the waterfall \ n \
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tuning . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< div class = \ " sect1 \ " > \n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-special-keys \" >5. Special Keys</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " sectionbody \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Several special keyboard controls are provided to make operating easier.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Start Transmission</div><p>Press <tt>Ctrl</tt> and <tt>T</tt> to start transmission if there is text ready in the transmit \n \
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buffer . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Pause Transmission</div><p>Press <tt>Pause</tt> or <tt>Break</tt> while in receive, and the program will switch to \n \
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transmit mode . It will continue with the text in the transmit buffer ( the \ n \
Transmit pane text ) from the current point , i . e . where the red ( previously sent ) \ n \
text ends and the black ( yet to be sent ) text begins . If the buffer only \ n \
contains unsent text , then it will begin at the first character in the \ n \
buffer . If the buffer is empty , the program will switch to transmit mode , and \ n \
depending on the mode of operation , will send idle characters or nothing at all \ n \
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until characters are entered into the buffer . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>If you press <tt>Pause</tt> or <tt>Break</tt> while in transmit mode, the program will return \n \
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to receive mode . There may be a slight delay for some modes like MFSK , PSK and \ n \
others , that requires the transmitter to send a postamble at the end of a \ n \
transmission . The transmit text buffer stays intact , ready for the \ n \
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< tt > Pause < / tt > / < tt > Break < / tt > key to return you to the transmit mode . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Pressing <tt>Alt</tt> or <tt>Meta</tt> and <tt>R</tt> has the same effect as <tt>Pause</tt>/<tt>Break</tt>. You \n \
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could think of the < tt > Pause < / tt > / < tt > Break < / tt > key as a software break - in capability . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Escape</div><p>Pressing <tt>Esc</tt> while transmitting will abort the transmission. Transmission \n \
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stops as soon as possible , ( any necessary postamble is sent ) , and the program \ n \
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returns to receive . Any unsent text in the transmit buffer will be lost . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " admonitionblock \ " > \n \
< table > < tr > \ n \
< td class = \ " icon \ " > \n \
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< img alt = \ " Tip \" src= \" data:image/png;base64, \n \
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< / td > \ n \
< td class = \ " content \ " > \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>If you press <tt>Esc Esc</tt> (i.e. twice in quick succession), transmission stops \n \
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immediately , without sending any postamble , and the program returns to \ n \
receive . Any unsent text in the transmit buffer will be lost . Use this feature \ n \
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as an < strong > emergency stop < / strong > . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< / td > \ n \
< / tr > < / table > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Return to Receive</div><p>Press <tt>Ctrl</tt> and <tt>R</tt> to insert the <tt>^r</tt> command in the transmit buffer at the \n \
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current typing point . When transmission reaches this point , transmission will \ n \
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stop . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Move Typing Cursor</div><p>Press <tt>Tab</tt> to move the cursor (typing insertion point) to the end of the \n \
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transmit buffer . This will also pause transmission . A < tt > Tab < / tt > press at that \ n \
position moves the cursor back to the character following the last one \ n \
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transmitted . Morse operation is slightly different . See the < a href = \ " http://www.w1hkj.com/FldigiHelp/index.html \" >Online Documentation</a> for CW.</p></div> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><div class= \" title \" >Send Any ASCII Character</div><p>Press <tt>Ctrl</tt> and (at the same time) any three-digit number (on the numeric \n \
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keypad or the normal numeric keys ) to insert the ASCII character designated by \ n \
that entry value into the transmit buffer . For example , < tt > Ctrl 177 < / tt > is & # 8220 ; ± & # 8221 ; \ n \
( plus / minus ) and < tt > Ctrl 176 < / tt > is & # 8220 ; ° & # 8221 ; ( degree ) . If you press a key other than the \ n \
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numeric keypad & # 8217 ; s 0 - 9 the sequence will be discarded . < / p > < / div > \ n \
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< h2 id = \ " ref-credits \" class= \" float \" >Credits</h2> \n \
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< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Copyright © 2008 Murray Greenman, <tt>ZL1BPU</tt>.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Copyright © 2008-2009 David Freese, <tt>W1HKJ</tt>.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>Copyright © 2009 Stelios Bounanos, <tt>M0GLD</tt>.</p></div> \n \
< div class = \ " paragraph \ " ><p>License GPLv3+: <a href= \" http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html \" >GNU GPL version 3 or later</a>.</p></div> \n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
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< div id = \ " footnotes \" ><hr /></div> \n \
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< div id = \ " footer \" > \n \
< div id = \ " footer-text \" > \n \
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Last updated 2014 - 06 - 23 11 : 09 : 00 CDT \ n \
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< / div > \ n \
< div id = \ " footer-badges \" > \n \
< a href = \ " http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer \" > \n \
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< img style = \ " border:0;width:88px;height:31px \" \n \
src = \ " http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-xhtml11-blue \" \n \
alt = \ " Valid XHTML 1.1 \" height= \" 31 \" width= \" 88 \" /> \n \
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< / a > \ n \
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< a href = \ " http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/ \" > \n \
< img style = \ " border:0;width:88px;height:31px \" \n \
src = \ " http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss-blue \" \n \
alt = \ " Valid CSS! \" /> \n \
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< / a > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< / div > \ n \
< / body > \ n \
< / html > \ n \ n " ;